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1.
孟加拉湾晚第四纪冰期和间冰期古生产力演变研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
近赤道低纬度地区孟加拉湾属于大陆边缘深海环境,该区的古生产力研究对于了解低纬度地区古气候演变及其对全球气候变化的响应具有重要意义。通过对研究区４个活塞岩心δ１３Ｃ值、高生产力指示种的含量变化、浮游有孔虫与底栖有孔虫丰度、Ｕ＋Ｂ指数等方面的研究发现,研究区受冰川－气候旋回作用影响明显,古生产力波动强烈。冰期时,陆源营养物质供应充分导致生物生产力增大,因而末次冰期最盛期氧同位素第２期时生产力最高,间冰期氧同位素第１、５期时生产力较低。该区氧同位素第３期也出现高生产力的情况,可能与当时研究区气候不稳定有关。氧同位素第３期强烈的西南季风活动使研究区淡水输入增强,进一步增加了冷、暖期生物生产力的差异。 相似文献
2.
西太平洋暖池北部15万年以来的碳同位素低值事件 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对取自西太平洋暖池北部的MD06-3052孔的浮游有孔虫表层种Globigerinoides ruber进行了稳定氧碳同位素测试与分析,在所建立的年龄模式基础上,揭示了该孔150 ka以来氧碳同位素的变化特征及其碳同位素低值事件的时间。结果表明,150 ka以来碳同位素总体上显示出逐渐变重的趋势,其变化不同于氧同位素,并未表现出冰期-间冰期尺度的变化特征,且全新世和末次间冰期碳同位素差异较大。在所识别出的6次碳同位素的低值事件中,除倒数第二次冰消期与岁差低值有相位差以外,其余均与岁差低值都有很好的对应。幅度较大的3次发生于冷期/暖期的过渡期,其中末次冰消期的碳同位素记录受到浊流的侵蚀作用,有部分缺失;该孔与其他海区记录的相似性进一步证实了3次冰消期的δ13C低值事件的普遍性。 相似文献
3.
基于南京洞穴2支石笋的11个230Th年龄、658个氧碳同位素分析数据,建立了倒数第二次冰期晚期(155-128 kaBP)东亚季风高分辨率的气候演化序列。在岁差尺度上,石笋δ18O记录与65°N夏季太阳辐射量曲线变化基本一致,说明北纬夏季太阳辐射对该地区气候演变起宏观调控作用。石笋δ18O变化曲线千年尺度上显示了8个明显的峰谷变化,δ18O值平均变幅约为1.5‰,平均频率在2 ka左右,十分类似于末次冰期东亚季风Dans-gaard-Oeschger旋回,说明东亚季风气候在末次冰期的千年级不稳定波动也可能存在于更久远的冰期过程中,冰期气候的不稳定性很可能是第四纪冰盖、大尺度海洋/大气环流共同作用的结果。 相似文献
4.
赤道西太平洋末次盛冰期以来的浮游有孔虫氧碳稳定同位素记录 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对西太平洋暖池核心区MD01—2386柱状样最上部5m进行了高分辨率的浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber和Pulleniatina obliquiloculata的氧、碳稳定同位素分析,结合AMS^14C测年,研究表明其属于末次盛冰期-全新世的沉积。赤道西太平洋海区末次盛冰期以来δ^18O值显著降低,但有几次回返事件。表层浮游有孔虫G．ruber比次表层温跃层属种P．obliquiloculata对于环境变化的响应要快,但后者变化的幅度较大。这两个种的氧、碳同位素差值反映出温跃层深度自末次盛冰期以来逐渐加深,并存在周期性的回返事件,说明西太平洋暖池晚第四纪冰期旋回存在气候不稳定性。 相似文献
5.
利用AMS^14 C年代测试、氧同位素分析和浮游有孔虫分析重建了冲绳海槽北部陆坡DOC-42孔约44cal．kaBP以来的古海洋环境演化记录。DOC-42孔沉积速率整体较低，呈明显的阶段性变化：在氧同位素3期和LGM期间沉积速率相对较大，分别为7．3和14cm／ka；末次冰消期以来的沉积速率则显著降低，与冲绳海槽冰后期沉积速率高于末次冰期明显不同；自约6．4cal．kaBP以来，沉积物堆积作用基本可以忽略，表明了受黑潮入侵引起的中国东部陆架环流体系的改变，岩心所在区域的沉积格局发生了重大变化。浮游有孔虫氧碳同位素、转换函数古温度和低温、低盐特征种Globigerina quinqueloba等一致反映了冲绳海槽北部在氧同位素3期早期约37．5～44cal．kaBP期间存在明显的低温、低盐阶段，表明该期间冲绳海槽北部的沿岸冲淡水影响明显加强，而在氧同位素3期晚期该区可能受到了黑潮暖流的影响。此外，浮游有孔虫Pulleniatina obliquiloculata与氧同位素记录有很好的对应关系，表明它是冲绳海槽末次冰期以来的一个可靠的海洋环境指标。 相似文献
6.
基于黔西南雾露洞石笋(Wu32)12个230Th年龄和371个氧同位素分析,获得了末次冰期29～20.8 kaBP分辨率约20年的亚洲夏季风演变序列.该石笋δ18O时间序列与南京葫芦洞记录在重叠时段基本一致,更为详细地记录了深海氧同位素3阶段向2阶段(MIS3/2)转换时期亚洲夏季风强度的变化过程.MIS3/2转换期季... 相似文献
7.
南海南部陆坡区的浮游有孔虫及其所表征的表层古水湿 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据南沙群岛海区NS93－5柱样浮游有孔虫分布和高分辨率氧同位素地层学,揭示了氧同位素1－6期,其中氧同位素2期的值最重,5期的值最轻,运用浮游有孔虫古生态转换函数求得冬季表层海水温度为22－28℃,夏季变动在28－30℃之间,季节温差为1－6℃,冬季海水表层温度则是以上次冰期是以上次冰期最低,末次间冰期最高,末次盛冰期的冬季表层水温下降幅度最大,很好地反映了200ka以来表层水温的变化特征。 相似文献
8.
南海北部ZHS-176孔古海洋学记录:氧同位素和有机碳 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对南海北部陆坡ZHS-176孔进行浮游有孔虫氧同位素和有机碳的研究,重建了末次冰期以来的古气候演化历史。ZHS-176孔浮游有孔虫氧同位素分析揭示了末次冰期期间的气候波动,如末次盛冰期、Heinrich事件1、Blling-Allerd暖期与新仙女木事件在南海北部陆坡均有响应。同时,在全新世阶段存在3个强降水期和3个弱降水期。ZHS-176孔有机碳以生物成因为主,随着夏季风的增强,陆源物质含量增加,但在3kaBP以后由于华南地区夏季风减弱而导致陆源输入减少。 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(3)
北大西洋45°N区是北大西洋冰筏碎屑(IRD)带的中心区,其海洋沉积物包含高分辨率沉积环境和气候变化信息,对45°N区沉积记录的研究有利于反演末次冰期以来古海洋环境的变化。通过对岩心Hu71-377中IRD含量的统计、浮游有孔虫组合及氧和碳同位素(δ_(18)O和δ_(13)C)分析,重建了北大西洋45°N上层水体水团性质演化历史。结合AMS_(14)C数据和氧同位素地层学,在氧同位素3期(MIS3)和2期(MIS2)中识别出5个Heinrich层,其中Heinrich 1、2和4层具有明显IRD峰值、Neogloboquadrina pachyderma高丰度和轻δ18O值特征,而Heinrich 3和5层的δ18O值未明显变轻。Heinrich 3和5层与Heinrich1、2和4层的δ_(18)O差异可能反映了上层水体受融水输入的影响不同。δ_(13)CN.incompta和δ_(13)CN.pachyderma差值也反映了Heinrich事件期间混合层和温跃层的变化,它们的δ_(13)C差值在Heinrich 1和2期间接近零,归因于强风驱动的海水垂向混合。而δ13CN.incompta和δ13CN._(pachyderm)a差值在Heinrich 4和5期间增大,反映了季节性温跃层变浅,推测与北大西洋暖流增强有关。浮游有孔虫组合进一步反映了海洋上层水团性质,特别是N.pachyderma和Neogloboquadrina incompta的相对丰度反映了MIS3期以来海表温度(SST)变化。 相似文献
10.
对取自冲绳海槽中部的Z14-6岩心进行了钙质超微化石的鉴定统计和有孔虫的氧碳稳定同位素分析,在利用浮游有孔虫氧同位素曲线对比进行地层划分的基础上,通过与邻近区域3个岩心数据进行对比,分析了150kaBP以来该海区钙质超微化石下透光带属种Florisphaera profunda百分含量变化特征及其受控机制。研究结果表明,MIS 6期以来F.profunda百分含量变化具有明显的冰期-间冰期旋回特征,末次冰期旋回中,冰期时F.profunda百分含量低于间冰期,倒数第二次冰期旋回中正好相反。F.profunda百分含量变化的主控因子是黑潮流的强弱变化,倒数第二次冰期旋回中F.profunda百分含量从MIS 5e期末开始降低,由此推测黑潮从MIS 5e期末开始减弱或向洋外偏移,沿岸水入侵冲绳海槽。 相似文献
11.
南海南部第四纪表层海水古生产力变化的钙质超微化石证据 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
深海沉积中的钙质超微化石是古海洋表层生产力的替代性标志之一。通过对南海南部ODP1143站第四纪沉积中超微化石分析，从绝对丰度和堆积速率、Florisphaera profunda百分含量及碳同位素三个方面探讨了该区第四纪表层海水古生产力的变化特征。结果显示，1．56Ma以来南海南部表层海水古生产力呈现两种不同时间尺度的变化。一是随冰期－间冰期旋回而变化，间冰期时，表层海水生产力高，而冰期时则降低；另一种则是大约40万年的长周期变化，自1．56Ma以来，可以分成四个大的旋回，每个旋回内表层海水古生产力又经历了从低到高再到低的变化。 相似文献
12.
1Introduction TheBeringSea,locatedinthesub-arcticNorth Pacific,playsanimportantroleininfluencingtheevo- lutionaryprocessoftheglobalclimaticsystembecause itsseasonalseaiceisformedinrelativelowerlatitudes (Takahashi,1999).ItisalsoasinkofatmosphericCO2, whichisoriginatedfromtheeffectivebiologicalpump inthissea.Particulatefluxdatameasuredinthesea overthelast10aindicatethattheorganic/inorganic carbonratiowasalwaysgreaterthan1,whichexplains thattheBeingSeaoccupiesasignificantpositionin theproces… 相似文献
13.
Methane seepage in the Shenhu area of the northern South China Sea: constraints from carbonate chimneys 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hongxiang Guan Mei Zhang Shengyi Mao Nengyou Wu Hongfeng Lu Duofu Chen 《Geo-Marine Letters》2016,36(3):175-186
Two authigenic carbonate chimneys were recovered from the Shenhu area in the northern South China Sea at approximately 400 m water depth. The chimneys’ mineralogy, isotopic composition, and lipid biomarkers were studied to examine the biogeochemical process that induced the formation of the chimneys. The two chimneys are composed mostly of dolomite, whereas the internal conduits and semi-consolidated surrounding sediments are dominated by aragonite and calcite. The specific biomarker patterns (distribution of lipids and their depleted δ13C values) indicate the low occurrence of methanotrophic archaea ANME-1 responsible for the chimneys’ formation via anaerobic oxidation of methane. A significant input of bacteria/planktonic algae and cyanobacteria to the carbon pool during the precipitation of the carbonate chimneys is suggested by the high contributions of short-chain n-alkanes (69% of total hydrocarbons) and long-chain n-alcohols (on average 56% of total alcohols). The oxygen isotopic compositions of the carbonate mixtures vary from 3.1‰ to 4.4‰ in the dolomite-rich chimneys, and from 2.1‰ to 2.5‰ in the internal conduits, which indicates that they were precipitated from seawater-derived pore waters during a long period covering the last glacial and interglacial cycles. In addition, the mixture of methane and bottom seawater dissolved inorganic carbon could be the carbon sources of the carbonate chimneys. 相似文献
14.
通过对东北太平洋胡安·德富卡隆起西翼沉积柱样中的碳酸盐含量和浮游有孔虫氧同位素测试以及浮游有孔虫丰度、溶解指数和粗组分的统计,发现在晚第四纪约65 ka以来碳酸盐含量变化幅度大(0 4%~77 2%),相差非常悬殊,但其变化未呈现出冰期时溶解作用减弱、间冰期时溶解作用强烈这样明显的旋回性。粗组分分析结果显示,地层中有明显的浊流沉积发育。另外,碳酸盐含量和浮游有孔虫丰度分析结果揭露了研究区的 CCD在3 500 m左右。研究认为,在约65 ka来水深浅于3 500 m的区域碳酸盐含量的无规律性变化应与浊流沉积影响有直接的关系,而水深深于3 500 m的区域碳酸盐含量主要受控于深海碳酸盐的溶解作用。 相似文献
15.
Sea surface temperature variations in the southwestern South China Sea over the past 160 ka 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the southwestern South China Sea have been reconstructed for the past 160 ka using the Uk37 paleothermometer from the core MD01-2392. The temperature differences between glacial times (MISs 6 and 2) and interglacial times (MISs 5.5 and 1) are 2.2~2.5 ℃. Younger Dryas event during the last deglaciation was documented in both the planktonic foraminiferal δ18O and SST records. After MIS 5.5, SSTs displayed a progressive cooling from 28.6 to 24.5 ℃, culminating at the LGM. During this gradual cooling period, warm events such as MISs 5.3, 5.1 and 3 were also clearly documented. By comparison of SST between the study core and Core 17954, a pattern of low or no meridional SST gradients during the interglacial periods and high meridional SST gradients during the glacial periods was exhibited. This pattern indicates the much stronger East Asian winter monsoon at the glacial than at the interglacial periods. Spectral analysis gives two prominent cycles: 41 and 23 ka, with the former more pronounced, suggesting that SSTs in the southern SCS varied in concert with high-latitude processes through the connection of East Asian winter monsoon. 相似文献
16.
CaCO3 and total organic carbon concentrations, organic matter C/N and carbon isotope ratios, and sediment accumulation rates in late Quaternary sediments from DSDP Site 594 provide information about glacial–interglacial variations in the delivery of organic matter to the Chatham Rise offshore of southeastern New Zealand. Low C/N ratios and nearly constant organic δ13C values of −23‰ indicate that marine production dominates organic matter supply in both glacial and interglacial times during oxygen isotope stages 1 through 6 (0–140 ka) and 17 through 19 (660–790 ka). Increased organic carbon mass accumulation rates in isotope stages 2, 4, 6, and 18 record enhanced marine productivity during glacial maxima. Excursions of organic δ13C values to ca. −29‰ in portions of isotope stage 2 suggest that the local concentration of dissolved CO2 was occasionally elevated during the last glacial maximum, probably as a result of short periods of lowered sea-surface temperature. Dilution of carbonates by clastic continental sediment generally increases at this location during glacial maxima, but enhanced delivery of land-derived organic matter does not accompany the increased accumulation of clastic sediments. 相似文献
17.
《Marine Geology》2001,172(3-4):205-223
A mathematical wave erosional model was used to study the effect of high sea levels during the penultimate (oxygen isotopic stage 7) and last interglacials (substage 5e), and in the late Holocene (stage 1), on the present morphology of wave-cut shore platforms. Sea level was considered to have been either the same as today or 2.25 m lower during the penultimate interglacial, and 2.25, 4.5 or 6.75 m higher than today during the last interglacial stage. The model suggested that inherited, gently sloping shore platforms in resistant rocks may be essentially protected today from erosion by high storm waves. The lowest platform gradients were in runs with mesotidal (3 m) range, and usually with low wave periods, low surf attenuation rates and weak rocks. Modern platform gradients increased with the difference in elevation between sea levels during successive interglacial stages. Shore platforms were widest in runs in which sea level was the same as today in the penultimate interglacial and 4.5 m higher than today during the last interglacial. Constant sea level, and high, last interglacial sea levels with considerable overlapping between the zones of high duration values between the mean neap high and low tidal levels in stages 7, 5e and 1, were conducive to the development of wide shore platforms, whereas sea levels lower than today's in stage 7 tended to produce narrower platforms. In general, higher sea levels during the last interglacial tended to produce higher cliff–platform junctions than constant sea level, unless the sea was lower than today during the penultimate interglacial stage. There was a lack of supratidal ledges in macrotidal (9 m) model runs with high initial gradients; this suggests that gently sloping, inherited shore platforms are essential for the subsequent development of supratidal, nonstructural ledges in high tidal environments during periods of higher sea level. Intertidal ledges developed in the upper portion of the modern intertidal zone, under a variety of tidal and sea level conditions. These ledges can develop independently of lithological or structural influences, and without any change in sea level. A single high sea level may also simultaneously produce two ledges at different supratidal elevations in mesotidal environments. 相似文献
18.
为了解南海北部末次间冰期以来的沉积环境演化,分析了西沙海槽83PC柱状沉积物的浮游有孔虫氧碳同位素、碳酸钙、有机碳和粒度组成。浮游有孔虫的δ18 O值具有冰期-间冰期旋回特征,记录了海平面的升降和古气候的变化,而海平面变化控制了沉积物的碳酸钙和有机碳含量。冰期,海平面下降,陆源物质输入增多,带来了大量的碎屑物质和陆源有机质,沉积物具有低碳酸钙含量和高有机碳含量;间冰期,海平面上升,陆源物质输入减少,碎屑物质的稀释作用减弱,沉积物具有高碳酸钙含量和低有机碳含量。南海北部83PC柱状沉积物记录了末次间冰期以来的多次海平面升降旋回,还记录了气候变冷事件以及低碳酸钙沉积事件,其中,150、510、660和740cm处的低碳酸钙含量和相对重δ18 O值记录了全球性气候变冷事件,而冰后期的低碳酸钙沉积事件,则主要反映了季风降雨的增强,出现了洪水高发期,陆源碎屑物质对碳酸钙沉积的稀释作用明显增强。 相似文献
19.
对取自热带西太平洋暖池核心区的WP7岩心进行了底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石研究。在利用氧同位素曲线对比和AMS14C测年数据进行地层划分的基础上,依据底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石指标,分析了距今近250ka以来区域生产力和上层海水结构的演变特征,探讨了其控制因素和所指示的古海洋学意义。计算结果显示WP7岩心所在的暖池核心区约在距今250ka以来初级生产力在冰期(MIS6期、4期和2期)高,在间冰期(MIS7期、5期、3期和1期)低,表明该区古生产力在长的轨道时间尺度上受北半球高纬度冰量变动的影响。钙质超微化石下透光带属种Flori-sphaera profunda百分含量指示的温跃层深度变化表明冰期温跃层浅、间冰期温跃层加深,这说明类ENSO式变化导致的冰期—间冰期温跃层深度波动可能是MIS7期以来暖池核心区古生产力在冰期高而在间冰期显著降低的直接控制因素。 相似文献
20.
Catherine Pierre Marie-Madeleine Blanc-Valleron Jér?me Demange Omar Boudouma Jean-Paul Foucher Thomas Pape Tobias Himmler Noemi Fekete Volkhard Spiess 《Geo-Marine Letters》2012,32(5-6):501-513
The southwest African continental margin is well known for occurrences of active methane-rich fluid seeps associated with seafloor pockmarks at water depths ranging broadly from the shelf to the deep basins, as well as with high gas flares in the water column, gas hydrate accumulations, diagenetic carbonate crusts and highly diverse benthic faunal communities. During the M76/3a expedition of R/V METEOR in 2008, gravity cores recovered abundant authigenic carbonate concretions from three known pockmark sites—Hydrate Hole, Worm Hole, the Regab pockmark—and two sites newly discovered during that cruise, the so-called Deep Hole and Baboon Cluster. The carbonate concretions were commonly associated with seep-benthic macrofauna and occurred within sediments bearing shallow gas hydrates. This study presents selected results from a comprehensive analysis of the mineralogy and isotope geochemistry of diagenetic carbonates sampled at these five pockmark sites. The oxygen isotope stratigraphy obtained from three cores of 2–5?m length indicates a maximum age of about 60,000–80,000?years for these sediments. The authigenic carbonates comprise mostly magnesian calcite and aragonite, associated occasionally with dolomite. Their very low carbon isotopic compositions (–61.0?<?δ13C ‰ V-PDB?<?–40.1) suggest anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) as the main process controlling carbonate precipitation. The oxygen isotopic signatures (+2.4?<?δ18O ‰ V-PDB?<?+6.2) lie within the range in equilibrium under present-day/interglacial to glacial conditions of bottom seawater; alternatively, the most positive δ18O values might reflect the contribution of 18O-rich water from gas hydrate decomposition. The frequent occurrence of diagenetic gypsum crystals suggests that reduced sulphur (hydrogen sulphide, pyrite) from sub-seafloor sediments has been oxidized by oxygenated bottom water. The acidity released during this process can potentially induce the dissolution of carbonate, thereby providing enough Ca2+ ions for pore solutions to reach gypsum saturation; this is thought to be promoted by the bio-irrigation and burrowing activity of benthic fauna. The δ18O–δ13C patterns identified in the authigenic carbonates are interpreted to reflect variations in the rate of AOM during the last glacial–interglacial cycle, in turn controlled by variably strong methane fluxes through the pockmarks. These results complement the conclusions of Kasten et al. in this special issue, based on authigenic barite trends at the Hydrate Hole and Worm Hole pockmarks which were interpreted to reflect spatiotemporal variations in AOM related to subsurface gas hydrate formation–decomposition. 相似文献