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本文报道了菊黄东方纯胚胎及仔稚幼鱼发育情况．其结果表明：在水温20～21℃、盐度20～30、pH值8．0～8．3的条件下，受精卵受精后2h为2细胞期、15h为囊胚期、30h为原肠期、55h为胚体期、152h孵出仔鱼；孵出仔鱼在水温19～28℃、盐度20～30、pH8．0～8．3条件下，孵化后5d开口、18d进入稚鱼期、40d进入幼鱼期．此外，对胚胎及仔稚幼鱼各发育阶段进行较详细描述、测量并给出示意图． 相似文献
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对养殖岱衢洋大黄鱼进行人工催产、自然产卵获得受精卵,在人工培育条件下观察了其胚胎及仔稚幼鱼发育过程。结果表明:1)岱衢洋大黄鱼受精卵呈圆球形,浮性;2)在水温23.0~24.0℃、盐度22.1条件下胚胎发育历时25.5h,主要经历了卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期及孵化期等阶段;3)在水温22.0~24.0℃、盐度22.1~23.4条件下,仔鱼发育经历了前期仔鱼(0~7日龄)和后期仔鱼(8~18日龄);4)19日龄进入稚鱼前期,各鳍齐全;5)29日龄进入稚鱼后期,鳞片出现;6)36日龄以后全身被鳞,进入幼鱼期。仔稚幼鱼生长方程为TL=0.570 3 D+0.750 1(R2=0.965 8),全长和日龄呈极显著线性相关。 相似文献
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为开展黄鳍东方鲀(Fugu xanthopterus)批量全人工育苗、胚胎及仔稚幼鱼发育特征研究, 作者使用地欧酮(DOM)、促黄体释放激素类似物(LRH)及绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)对性成熟黄鳍东方鲀进行人工催产。结果表明黄鳍东方鲀亲鱼效应时间为39～60h, 获产率为55.0%～92.5%; 卵受精率为35.5%～84.7%, 3 年产卵7 400 g; 受精卵在海水水温17.0～23.2℃、盐度21～30、pH8.0～8.2 人工条件下孵化, 孵化率为33.6%～91.7%, 孵出仔鱼499 万尾; 2005 年、2006 年经前期培育, 共培育出黄鳍东方鲀后期仔鱼394.5 万尾, 成活率为68.2%～94.3%; 室内水泥池后期培育出平均全长2.6 cm±0.2 cm 幼鱼3100 尾, 成活率为15.5%; 池塘生态培育出平均全长3.7 cm±0.5 cm 幼鱼53.3 万尾, 成活率为11.2%～13.8%。黄鳍东方鲀受精卵为沉性黏性卵, 近椭球形, 乳白色, 卵膜厚且不透明, 卵径0.9～1.0mm,在海水水温18.2～22.2℃条件下, 3 h 分裂为2 细胞; 3 h 20 min 4 细胞; 3 h 45 min 8 细胞; 10 h 10 min 多细胞; 17 h 30 min 囊胚出现; 28 h 原肠期; 57 h 15 min 胚体形成期; 69 h 20 min 心跳出现; 130 h 50 min出膜期; 144 h 孵出仔鱼。初孵仔鱼全长2.2～2.4 mm, 体圆而粗短, 尾部细长、透明; 孵出后第20 天, 胸鳍、臀鳍、背鳍基本形成, 进入稚鱼期; 孵出后第45 天, 上下颌门齿发达, 各鳍发育完整, 小刺基本形成, 进入幼鱼期。 相似文献
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Mian状黄姑鱼的早期发育研究 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
本文对Ｍｉａｎ状黄姑鱼的胚胎和仔、稚鱼各发育阶段的形态特征进行了描述。Ｍｉａｎ状黄姑鱼的爱精卵的为圆球形浮性卵,无色透明。在水温２０￣２３℃,盐度２６￣３０的条件下,经２４ｈ３５ｍｉｎ陆续孵出仔鱼。胚胎发育分为２６期。初孵仔鱼至孵化后４日龄为仔鱼前期;孵化后５￣２２日龄为仔鱼后期;孵化后２３￣３２日龄为雅鱼期;孵化后３３日龄进入幼鱼早期。仔、稚鱼培育水温１８￣２８℃,盐度２０￣３０。仔鱼２日龄稍开 相似文献
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花尾胡椒鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海水网箱饲养的3龄花尾胡椒鲷，催产前2个月进行培育，用绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）和LRH－A3激素进行催产，混合或单一使用，剂量视亲鱼性腺的成熟度而定，受精卵在盐度为31，PH为80－8．4，水温20－23℃的海水中，经35－36h完成胚 发育，破膜卵孵出成仔鱼。室内水泥池，在盐度为25－26，PH为8．0－8．4，水温24－26℃的海水中，仔鱼经36d培育，态进行幼鱼期；室土肥有苗，在海水盐度为22－31．1，PH为8．0－8．4，水温19－24℃时，仔鱼经30d培育，完成变态进入幼鱼期。 相似文献
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作者对鱼(Miichthys miiuy)的早期发育(从受精卵到45日龄幼鱼)形态特征及生态习性进行了描述。鱼的受精卵在水温21.4℃～22.0℃，盐度25.7条件下，经过29 h30 min仔鱼孵出。从受精卵到仔鱼出膜可分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、胚体形成期等4个主要时期，然后进入胚后发育阶段。孵出后的3日龄仔鱼已能在水体中平游，极少数个体可开口摄食轮虫。4日龄仔鱼全部开口摄食，并对光反应敏感，出现明显的集群现象。22日龄的后期仔鱼各鳍鳍条发育形成，鳞片开始出现，进入到稚鱼期。39日龄后，鱼全身披满细小的鳞片，全部分布于育苗池的底部，开始进入到幼鱼发育阶段。根据仔、稚、幼鱼形态特征和生活习性对鱼的分类进行了探讨。 相似文献
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《海洋科学》2010,(1)
作者对鮸鱼(Miichthys miiuy)的早期发育(从受精卵到45日龄幼鱼)形态特征及生态习性进行了描述。鮸鱼的受精卵在水温21.4℃~22.0℃,盐度25.7条件下,经过29 h30 min仔鱼孵出。从受精卵到仔鱼出膜可分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、胚体形成期等4个主要时期,然后进入胚后发育阶段。孵出后的3日龄仔鱼已能在水体中平游,极少数个体可开口摄食轮虫。4日龄仔鱼全部开口摄食,并对光反应敏感,出现明显的集群现象。22日龄的后期仔鱼各鳍鳍条发育形成,鳞片开始出现,进入到稚鱼期。39日龄后,鮸鱼全身披满细小的鳞片,全部分布于育苗池的底部,开始进入到幼鱼发育阶段。根据仔、稚、幼鱼形态特征和生活习性对鮸鱼的分类进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
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The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献