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港湾三维水动力和污染物扩散数值模型 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文提出一种浅海三维污染物扩散数值模拟的方法。首先建立σ坐标系下的Navier-Stoker方程及物质扩散方程。基于过程分裂法将前者分解为外模式（二维方程组）及内模式（三维方程组）；并且引入窄缝法对变边界进行模拟，由此建立三维σ坐标潮流模型；并找到σ坐标系下三维污染物扩散方程的差分方法，最后建立三维σ坐标污染物扩散模型。本模型已被应用于厦门海域，并对其2002年海水水质（CODCr值增量)进行了预测。应用结果表明，这种三维可变边界污染物扩散数值模型能够较好地对具有较大面积浅海滩涂的海区进行水质模拟和预测。 相似文献
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掌握黄河入海泥沙输运、沉积的规律可以为渤海沿岸经济发展的规划及环境保护管理提供理论参考。本文基于FVCOM(Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model)建立了三维水动力、泥沙耦合数值模式,利用实测水位、海流和悬沙资料,对模式进行了检验,模拟结果与观测符合较好。利用该模式研究了2007年夏季丰水丰沙期黄河入海泥沙的输运过程,并对渤海悬沙空间分布特征进行数值模拟。模式较好地再现了夏季黄河口入海泥沙的空间分布特征及底部冲淤状况。结合黄河口附近的潮流和余流特征,对悬沙分布特征和底部冲淤结果进行了分析,结果表明:黄河入海泥沙随余流向南和东南方向输运到莱州湾,在莱州湾中部向外海扩散,很可能沿东北方向进入渤海中部。在这个输运过程中,莱州湾表现为入海泥沙向外海扩散的通道。 相似文献
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潮流与泥沙数值模拟回顾及进展 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
回顾和总结了近年来国内外潮流与泥沙数值模拟的进展,评价分析了数学模型的多种数值解法,特别是有关二维、三维潮流数值模拟以及水沙数学模型近年来的进展,并根据目前潮流、泥沙数值模拟技术中存在的不足,讨论了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。 相似文献
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东碇倾倒区疏浚泥悬沙输移和海床冲淤数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用区域海洋模型ROMS(Regional Ocean Modeling System)在东碇倾倒区建立三维水动力与泥沙输移数值模型,在水动力验证的基础上模拟预测了在冬、夏季节不同背景潮流和风场作用下的疏浚泥悬沙输移规律及海床沖淤变化。结果表明:在纯潮流作用下,悬沙扩散以抛泥点为中心,呈圆对称分布,且冬季泥沙输移扩散范围比夏季大;加入风场驱动后,悬沙扩散呈下风面拖拽的椭圆形,同时水体混合加强更有利于高浓度悬沙的扩散,但对悬沙输移的作用不明显;抛泥点位置从倾倒区中心变为西北角后,其作用主要体现在冬季较高浓度区面积的减小和由于局地水槽引导而形成的向北延伸的浓度舌;在海床冲淤方面,潮流和风场的作用主要是改变地形增量较大的面积,而更改抛泥点位置则会导致地形增量最大值出现较大的差异。 相似文献
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渤海动力对黄河入海泥沙输移的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
海洋动力过程对黄河入海泥沙的淤积和扩散具有决定性作用 ,利用三维斜压动力 -泥沙模型分析了黄河口外海域潮流动力变化与黄河入海泥沙淤积、扩散特性之间的响应关系。季节环流以及涨落潮的分布和变化很好地解释了黄河口南北浮泥的形成和消长变化以及黄河入海泥沙向海扩散的机理。结果表明 ,入海泥沙在洪季、枯季和表底层都具有不同的输移特性 相似文献
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I~crIOWIn the coastal area, especially at the sandy seashore, wave and nearshore current are the major factors which affect sediment transPOrt and the motyhChdynamics.The numerical models of predicting the beach evolution can be classified intO the medi~term and long-term models according to their space and time scales (De Briend et al., 1993;Watanabe, 1990; Watanabe et al., 1986; Tao, 1996). In the medium-term model the effects ofwave, nearshore current and sediment transport are conside… 相似文献
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近岸波、流作用下结构物附近海岸演变的数值模拟 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
针对与砂质海岸在波浪作用下的演变有关的波浪、近岸流及输沙问题进行了系统的研究,并对结构物附近海岸演变进行了数值模拟。考虑了波浪折射-绕射及波浪破碎的综合作用,在近岸流场的模拟中用沿水深积分形成的K方程模型确定涡粘系数。计算岸滩地形变化时,综合波浪、近岸流作用的底沙和悬沙输沙率,并考虑波浪对泥沙作用的影响。模型对防波堤和近岸沉船附近地形变化进行了模拟,效果良好。 相似文献
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岬湾相间的琼州海峡南岸在海岸动力条件作用下,岸滩发生侵蚀或堆积,特别是南岸中部的南渡江三角洲沿岸岸滩演变剧烈。该文从海岸动力地貌的角度,对琼州海峡南岸的海岸动力特征、泥沙运动以及岸滩演变进行分析。根据海峡南部三维潮流场数值模拟结果,结合经验公式初步分析潮流引起的泥沙运移速率和方向,得到岸外水域总的泥沙运移趋势为从西向东。根据波浪动力计算分析沿岸泥沙运移,探讨沙质岸滩的动态与地貌演变之间的关系,得出海峡南岸海岸地貌演变与盛行的NE和NNE向风浪有密切关系,岸滩的演变过程主要受制于这两个方向的风浪及其引起的泥沙沿岸运移。 相似文献
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An artificial sand wave on the Dutch shoreface of the North Sea has been studied in conditions with relatively strong tidal currents in the range of 0.5 to 1 m/s and sediments in the medium sand size range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The sand wave is perpendicular to the tidal current and has a maximum height and length of the order of 5 m and 1 km, respectively. The sand wave is dynamically active and shows migration rates of the order of a few metres per year. A numerical morphodynamic model (DELFT3D model) has been used to simulate the morphological behaviour of the sand wave in the North Sea. This model approach is based on the numerical solution of the three-dimensional shallow water equations in combination with a surface wave propagation model (wind waves) and the advection–diffusion equation for the sediment particles with online bed updating after each time step. The model results show that the sand wave grows in the case of dominant bed-load transport (weak tidal currents; relatively coarse sediment; small roughness height; low waves) and that the sand wave decays in the case of dominant suspended transport (strong currents, relatively fine sediment, large roughness height; storm waves). 相似文献
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南海北部水深８０—２５０ｍ的外大陆架和上大陆坡海底，有大片沙波地貌分布，它们主要是晚更新世末次冰期低海面时遗留下来的滨海沙波、沿岸沙丘、沙堤和沙垄，属残留沙体地貌。它们明显沿着本次冰期时形成的最低海岸线两侧分布，但在现代海底底流作用下，其两翼及沙波谷部发育有次一级的小型沙波或沙纹，它们的形态细小、排列紧密，与残留沙体地貌组成复式海底沙波。这就是流动沙波，是不稳定的地质因素，对海底工程有一定危害，但根据外大陆架实测底流数据，运用计算机数学模型方法计算，表明在细沙和中细沙大面积覆盖区，海底沙波每年均以０．１６６—０．５３４ｍ的速度向深海方向迁移，移动速度相当缓慢，其对海底工程设施不会造成直接危害。 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2004,51(7):581-607
A state-of-the-art process-based model is applied to hindcast the morphological development of a shoreface nourishment along the barrier island of Terschelling, The Netherlands. The applied morphodynamic model is Delft3D for fully three-dimensional flow and sediment transport in coastal environments. Owing to a complex geomorphological setting of the study area, the curvi-linear model includes adjacent tidal inlets and covers 40×70 km with an increasing grid size resolution towards the nourishment site in the center of the island. In 1993, a total of 2 Mm3 of sand was supplied to the nearshore bar zone off Terschelling, filling up the trough between the middle and outer bar. By spring 1994, most of the nourished sediment had been redistributed onshore and welded onto the middle bar where it remained in the following years. The morphodynamic model is applied to the prediction of this rapid nearshore profile behaviour. The calibration of the model against an extensive set of full-scale hydrodynamic data at several locations throughout the nearshore bar zone shows a good representation of the measured hydrodynamics. Morphodynamic results show a dependency on spatial scale: on the scale of precise bed level evolution with respect to bar migration and growth, model predictions are poor as the nearshore bars are predicted to flatten out. Resorting to bulk volumes integrated over larger spatial scales, the model clearly has skill in predicting the overall effects of the nourishment. The lack of phase shift between sediment transport and bathymetry is identified as the key controlling factor for the poor sandbar predictions. 相似文献
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You-Ichiro Sasajima Satoshi Nakada Naoki Hirose Jong-Hwan Yoon 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(6):913-926
The subsurface counter current beneath the Tsushima Warm Current is simulated using a three-dimensional circulation model.
The model well reproduces the counter current beneath the Tsushima Warm Current on the shelf break. The counter current appears
as nearshore parts of the subsurface clockwise circulations from spring to early winter. The clockwise circulations are separated
by developed shelves such as the Oki Spur and the Noto Peninsula, thus the counter current is not a continuous flow along
the Japanese coast in this model. The vertical structure of the counter current can be explained by a density structure with
the thermal wind relationship. The permanent and seasonal pycnoclines form mutually opposite horizontal density gradients
near the Japanese coast in summer. Such a density structure results in a speed maximum of the counter current away from the
bottom. It is remarkable that the second baroclinic mode is dominant in nearshore parts of the subsurface clockwise circulations
in summer, which are attributed to the density structure. Similar density structures are also found in some coastal regions
of the world oceans where subsurface counter currents are expected. 相似文献
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A BFG model for calculation of tidal current and diffusion of pollutants in nearshore areas 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
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河北南堡-曹妃甸海域潜在的浅表灾害地质类型及特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用2~7kHz浅地层剖面探测、多波束、单波束水深数据以及侧扫声纳勘测影像等地质地球物理实测数据,分析研究了河北南堡-曹妃甸海域各种潜在的地质灾害类型,编制了该海域的灾害地质图与海底地貌图。并在前人对海岸带灾害地质类型分类的基础上,对该海域的潜在的灾害地质类型进行了分类。对海底浅层气、活动沙波、海底侵蚀、活动断裂、埋藏斜层、陡坡、陡坎以及沟槽等与近海海洋工程密切相关的灾害类型的空间分布特征深入研究。研究结果显示:调查区海域的潜在地质灾害因素分布较为集中,多发育在缓斜的水下侵蚀堆积岸坡与陡斜的水下侵蚀岸坡分界线附近,浅层气,陡坡陡坎以及沟槽都有发育;在陆架侵蚀洼地区,发育有较大规模的沟槽,海底侵蚀现象也是较为普遍;调查区其他海域,灾害类型较少,局部发育有活动沙波和埋藏斜层等。 相似文献