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黄鳍金枪鱼索饵水层影响延绳钓捕捞效率,而黄鳍金枪鱼索饵水层分布受水温垂直结构的影响,因此本文采用GAM模型分析次表层环境变量对延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼渔获率的影响,评估黄鳍金枪鱼垂直水层分布对中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch Per Unite Effort, CPUE)的作用。模型结果表明,环境因子对热带中西太平洋延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼渔获率空间分布影响明显。黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓CPUE在2012年之后快速增多,高渔获率月份出现在北半球夏季,空间上在10°S,140°E附近区域。温跃层上界温度和深度、温跃层下界深度、18℃等温线深度、△8℃等温线深度及其和温跃层下界深度的深度差对延绳钓渔获率影响较大,是影响热带中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔获率的关键环境因子。随着温跃层上界温度和深度值变大,延绳钓CPUE逐渐递增,对延绳钓CPUE影响密切的温度和深度分别为27～28℃和70～90 m。温跃层下界深度对延绳钓CPUE影响在250～280 m时最大;之后随着下界深度的变大,CPUE快速下降。18℃等温线深度对延绳钓CPUE影响呈现先震荡后递增的趋势,影响密切的区域在230 m深度上下。△8℃等温线深度与温跃层下界深度的差值对热带中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓CPUE影响呈现先快速递减后缓慢增加的趋势,在深度差为70 m上下时影响最密切。研究结果揭示,在黄鳍金枪鱼活动水层受限或栖息水层和延绳钓作业深度相吻合时,延绳钓渔获率最高。依据黄鳍金枪鱼垂直活动水层调整延绳钓投钩,可以提高渔获率。因此,采用延绳钓CPUE进行渔场和资源评估时要考虑金枪鱼适宜垂直活动空间。 相似文献
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中西太平洋延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼渔场时空分布与温跃层关系 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了解热带中西太平洋延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)适宜的温跃层参数分布区间,采用Argo浮标温度信息和中西太平洋渔业委员会(The Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission,WCPFC)的黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔获数据,绘制了热带中西太平洋月平均温跃层特征参数和月平均CPUE的空间叠加图,用于分析热带中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼中心渔场时空分布和温跃层特征参数间的关系。分析结果表明:热带中西太平洋温跃层上界深度、温度具有明显的季节性变化,而温跃层下界深度、温度季节性变化不明显,黄鳍金枪鱼中心渔场分布和温跃层季节性变化有关。全年中心渔场的位置分布在温跃层上界深度高值区域,随温跃层上界深度高值区域季节性南北移动。在新几内亚以东纬向区域(5°N~10°S,150°E~170°W)上界深度值全年都在70~100m之间,全年都是延绳钓黄鳍金枪鱼中心渔场。中心渔场上界温度多在26℃以上,但是在上界温度超过30℃区域,CPUE值较小。中心渔场主要分布在温跃层下界深度两条高值带之间区域,在温跃层下界深度超过300m和小于150m区域,CPUE值均偏低。中心渔场主要分布在下界温度低于13℃区域,下界温度超过17℃难以形成中心渔场。频次分析和经验累积分布函数计算其适宜温跃层特征参数分布,得出中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼适宜的温跃层上界温度和深度分别是27~29.9℃和70~109m;适宜的温跃层下界温度和深度分别是11~13.9℃和250~299m。文章初步得出中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼中心渔场温跃层各特征参数的适宜分布区间及季节变化特征,为我国金枪鱼实际生产作业提供技术支持。 相似文献
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长鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus alalunga）是金枪鱼延绳钓的主要捕捞对象之一，而库克群岛海域则是重要的长鳍金枪鱼渔场。探究长鳍金枪鱼资源量的时空分布与海洋环境的关系，有利于提高长鳍金枪鱼渔场预报的精确性。根据2017年1月1日至2021年5月31日中国远洋渔业企业的船舶监测系统（Vessel Monitor Systems,VMS）数据，将长鳍金枪鱼渔获尾数和延绳钓放钓钩数匹配到1°×1°的网格中，得出名义单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch Per Unit Effort,CPUE)。对CPUE作正态性检验，以天为时间分辨率，选取月份、经纬度、叶绿素a浓度、海表面高度，以及0～300 m水层的温度、盐度、溶解氧浓度等26个时空与环境因子作为变量，对CPUE与时空环境因子作相关性分析，对环境变量进行多重共线性诊断，按照季度分析长鳍金枪鱼渔场的分布变化，利用GAM评价各因子对长鳍金枪鱼CPUE的影响。结果显示：（1）第二季度12°S以南渔场的CPUE明显高于以北的区域，第三季度渔场分散且CPUE值不高，第四季度CPUE为年中最高。（2） GAM结果显示，对长鳍金枪鱼CPUE影响最显著的为海... 相似文献
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基于GAM模型分析印度洋大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼渔场分布与不同环境因子关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
印度洋金枪鱼延绳钓渔业作为我国重要的远洋渔业之一，探究其渔场时空变动及与环境因子之间的关系十分必要。本文根据2016年1—6月收集的印度洋金枪鱼渔业生产数据，并结合卫星遥感获取的环境因子数据，运用ArcGIS和GAM模型分析了印度洋大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼渔场时空变动及与环境因子之间的关系。研究结果表明:大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼1—6月CPUE均呈现先减小后增加的趋势，4月均达最高值，分别为2.45尾/千钩和3.56尾/千钩，各月CPUE均存在显著性差异（P<0.001）；大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼渔场时空变动基本趋于一致，均为先向东北移动，后向西北移动，最后再向东北移动的趋势；GAM模型分析显示，大眼金枪鱼CPUE与模型因子的解释率为32.1%，纬度和250 m水深温度影响最显著，黄鳍金枪鱼CPUE与模型因子的解释率为37.2%，200 m水深温度影响最显著；协同分析表明，1—6月，印度洋金枪鱼延绳钓中心渔场分布于1°S~9.5°N，47°~64°E，且海表温度在29.3~30.8℃的海域。 相似文献
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采用2007 ～2011年Argo浮标剖面温度资料研究了大西洋黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)和大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)延绳钓主要作业渔场温跃层的时空变化特征.研究结果表明热带大西洋黄鳍金枪鱼、大眼金枪鱼延绳钓主要作业渔场温跃层的上界深度和温度存在着明显的季节性变化.温跃层上界深度呈现出冬深夏浅的季节性变化特征,大致呈纬向带状分布,12月至翌年4月份,15°N以北海域温跃层上界深度超过80 rn,同期10°S以南海域的多低于50 m;6～10月份的则相反.在赤道纬向区域温跃层上界温度在27℃以上,往南北两侧30°区域温度值依次递减至20℃及以下.温跃层下界深度和温度没有明显的季节性变化.温跃层下界深度高值区域的空间分布呈现“W”形状,深度值在220 m以上.在25°S以南,从南美洲到非洲西沿岸海域并延伸到安哥拉外海,以及10°N非洲西海岸外海,在1a中的大部分月份里,温跃层下界深度浅于150 m.在15°N以北和15°S以南区域下界温度大于15℃,在这之间的纬向区域下界温度低于14℃.全年在大西洋西部的5 °～ 15°N和5 °～15°S区域的温跃层厚度最大,在80～150 m之间,冬季和夏季呈现相反的分布特征;温跃层强度高值在5°S～ 15°N纬向区域,尤其是大西洋东部,介于0.15 ～ 0.25℃/m之间.根据文中揭示的大西洋金枪鱼延绳钓主要作业渔场区温跃层的时空变化特征,作者建议晚上大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼投钩深度应该在温跃层上界深度分布的附近水域;白天捕捞黄鳍金枪鱼投钩深度应该在温跃层下界深度分布的水域附近,大眼金枪鱼投钩深度要比黄鳍金枪鱼的更深. 相似文献
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为了解太平洋大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)和黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)主要作业渔场次表层关键环境变量时空分布特征,作者采用2007~2012年Argo剖面浮标数据,分析了太平洋大眼金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼延绳钓主要作业渔场区温跃层特征参数、12℃和距表层海温8℃(Δ8℃)等值线信息。研究表明,温跃层上界深度和温度以及Δ8℃等深线具有明显的季节性变化。温跃层上界深度呈现出冬深、夏浅的季节性变化特征,大致呈纬向带状分布。1~3月份,北太平洋从东到西温跃层上界深度值都超过90 m,同期10°S以南的海域均低于60 m;7~9月份则相反。在太平洋150°W以西,20°S~20°N区域,温跃层上界温度全年在28℃以上。8℃等深线显示在东部太平洋,一块低值区域(150m)由东海岸向西海岸延伸;在20°N以北和20°S以南的高值区域(250m)表现出冬深、夏浅的季节性变化特征。温跃层下界深度图显示有两块高值区域(深度大于280m)从西向东,由低纬度向高纬度漂移;在东部太平洋,两个高值区域之间的纬向区域常年存在一块下界深度低值区域(140m)。与下界深度类似,温跃层下界温度也有两块低温区域(12℃)从西向东,由低纬度向高纬度漂移。在该低温区域的外侧舌状区域,下界温度超过17℃;东部太平洋在13~15℃。在15°N以北和15°S以南12℃等深线超过400 m,呈舌状;赤道东部太平洋,一块300 m深的细长舌状区域由东向西延伸。在上述区域之间,12℃等深线的深度值低于200 m。温跃层下界深度和温度,以及12℃等深线则没有明显的季节性变化。分析结果初步揭示了太平洋金枪鱼主要作业渔场温跃层上界温度、12℃和Δ8℃等值线信息分布特征,为金枪鱼实际生产作业提供理论参考。 相似文献
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太平洋延绳钓长鳍金枪鱼及渔场水温分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据收集到的渔获量数据、海水表层温度数据及有关文献资料,应用GIS技术对太平洋长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔业进行定量和定性综合分析。结果表明:太平洋延绳钓长鳍金枪鱼渔场分布范围广泛,具纬向分布特征,集中分布在30°N线附近的西北太平洋海域和~40°S之间的西南太平洋海域。对渔获产量同海表温度的分月统计显示:太平洋长鳍金枪鱼渔场最适月平均表层水温约28~29℃,渔场出现频次为偏态分布型。文中结合有关文献综合讨论了海表温度、溶解氧含量、海流等环境因子与金枪鱼渔场分布和形成机制的关系。 相似文献
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根据2013年7月至2014年1月和2014年3月至9月我国金枪鱼科学观察员在南太平洋采集的延绳钓钩位深度数据和长鳍金枪鱼钓获钩位数据,分析了延绳钓各钩位的上浮率,估算了热带和温带海域长鳍金枪鱼钓获深度范围、最适栖息水层,比较了两个海域长鳍金枪鱼最适栖息深度的空间分布特征和时间变化规律。结果表明:调查海域的长鳍金枪鱼CPUE较高;热带海域钓钩上浮率为14.39%,温带海域为13.60%;热带海域长鳍金枪鱼最适栖息深度范围为190~220 m,温带海域较热带海域浅,为160~190 m;长鳍金枪鱼栖息深度均值在不同季节差异极显著(P0.01),第2季度平均钓获深度最大,为218.0 m,第1季度最浅,为197.0 m(95%的置信区间)。在实际作业时,应充分考虑垂直栖息深度的变化,合理配置延绳钓钓具,减少兼捕率和误捕率,维护生态系统平衡。 相似文献
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大西洋中部黄鳍金枪鱼( Thunnus albacares) 的垂直分布与有关环境因子的关系 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
根据2001年6—10月在大西洋中部大洋性金枪鱼延绳钓作业中观测到的黄鳍金枪鱼的上钩钩号，应用悬链线钩深计算公式分别计算出各钩号的钩深；根据STD仪测得的温度、盐度的垂直分布以钩深为引数，查出该尾鱼捕获水深处的温、盐数据；根据黄鳍金枪鱼的取样数据，推算出各水层、各水温段、各盐度段的渔获率。渔获率最大的水层、水温段、盐度段为黄鳍金枪鱼的最适水层、水温段、盐度段；渔获率为前3位的水层、水温、盐度段为黄鳍金枪鱼活动较频繁的水层、水温段、盐度段。结果表明，在大西洋中部，黄鳍金枪鱼的最适水层为150．00—179．99m，最适水温段为13．00—13．99℃，最适盐度段为35．40—35．49；大西洋中部渔场黄鳍金枪鱼活动较频繁的水层为120．00—209．99m，水温段为12．00—14．99℃，盐度段为35．20—35．49。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献