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通过研究鸭绿江河口和近岸海域沉积物的重矿物分布和区域组合特征,同时以重矿物作为示踪物,分析了河口区底部沉积物的运动状况。研究结果表明,研究区的重矿物主要分为两种组合,一是黑云母-普通角闪石-绿帘石组合,二是由不稳定的矿物普通角闪石、较稳定矿物绿帘石和石榴石以及金属矿物(包括磁铁矿、钛铁矿和赤褐铁矿)组成,该组合又可分为四个亚组合。不稳定矿物与稳定矿物含量的比值变化、推移质潮周期输运率和净输运方向计算以及断面的粒度分布特征表明,鸭绿江河口10m等深线以北地区的底部沉积物主要向上游地区输运。这一结论与以往分析结果有很大不同,这主要是由于鸭绿江流域受到了人类活动,尤其受水利工程和人工挖沙的影响而出现的一种自我调节机制。此外,重矿物分析的初步结果还表明,鸭绿江河口10m等深线以南的沉积物主要向下游输运,而近岸地区的沉积物可能由东西两端向中间输运,但是由于受到研究资料的限制,以上结论还有待于通过其他研究方法进一步验证。从北黄海东西两个地区的重矿物分布来看,北黄海西部地区的石榴石和电气石等稳定重矿物含量要大于东部地区的,而白云石和云母等不稳定矿物的含量要小于东部的。综合对比北黄海西部与北黄海东部、南黄海北部和南部来看,前者与后三者最大的区别就是沉积物中没有自生黄铁矿。 相似文献
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东海西北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物组合及其沉积环境指示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了东海陆架360个表层沉积物的碎屑矿物和粒度组成,利用R型聚类方法提取稳定重矿物和重矿物分异指数作为矿物分布规律的指示因子;根据快速聚类结果将重矿物组成分为3个区:东海陆架海侵体系域晚期残留砂体区、高位体系域晚期长江水下前三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质沉积区、高位体系域扬子浅滩沉积区。结合粒度参数和特征矿物分布、沉积物14C年龄对各区沉积环境进行讨论,确定陆架残留沉积和改造沉积的成因、长江水下三角洲和浙闽沿岸流泥质区的范围,以及对应不同海侵层序的矿物分异特征和物质"源-汇"关系。聚类分析虽能够指示同一物源碎屑矿物分布与沉积动力关系,但物源不同,聚类结果可能误导沉积环境分析。扬子浅滩表层砂体是在距今6~4和3~2 ka 的两个潮流沉积发育期形成的多期改造沙波沉积。 相似文献
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辽东湾表层沉积物碎屑矿物组合分布及其对物源和沉积物扩散的指示意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对取自渤海辽东湾的128个表层沉积物样品进行了碎屑矿物鉴定,对矿物成分含量应用log-ratio法处理后进行统计分析。结果表明,研究区重矿物质量百分含量平均值为6.3%,高值区位于六股河口和湾西北近岸。共鉴定出7种轻矿物,38种重矿物,轻矿物以石英、斜长石和钾长石为主,重矿物以普通角闪石、绿帘石、磁铁矿、石榴子石、钛铁矿为主。根据碎屑矿物的组合分布特征,可将研究区划分为两个矿物组合区,其中又可细分为6个矿物亚区。六股河和湾西北近岸矿物亚区的碎屑矿物主要来源于六股河、湾西北入海小溪和海岸侵蚀物质,湾东北部矿物亚区沉积物主要来源于双台子河和大辽河,湾中部矿物亚区为多源混合区,湾南部矿物亚区受邻近海域和复州河沉积物影响大,湾东南部的辽东浅滩矿物亚区为潮流作用的产物。与河流入海沉积物相比,该区表层沉积物的石英/长石比值和ZTR指数明显增大。研究认为,物源是控制研究区碎屑矿物的组合与分布的主要因素,同时也受到海洋水动力和矿物性质等因素影响。 相似文献
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长江口北支表层沉积物重矿物分布和磁学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了长江口北支表层沉积物的重矿物分布,结合磁参数和粒度特征,探讨其在各沉积动力分区的分布特点及控制因素.研究表明:研究区重矿物以角闪石和绿帘石组合为主,其次为云母类和磁铁矿等.其中浅滩和潮流脊处水动力较强,沉积物颗粒较粗,重矿物以片状矿物-稳定矿物组合占优势,磁性参数相对较低;汉道和潮汐通道处水动力相对较弱,沉积物以... 相似文献
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南极普里兹湾主要碎屑矿物特征及物源分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于南极普里兹湾海域33个表层碎屑沉积物样品的碎屑矿物学分析,对该区的沉积环境与物质来源进行了分析。结果表明该区碎屑重矿物共17种,石榴子石、普通角闪石和磁铁矿为优势矿物,紫苏辉石和赤铁矿为特征矿物。根据矿物组合分布特征,普里兹湾可划分为4个矿物区:Ⅰ区为石榴子石含量占绝对优势、重矿物含量较高的弗拉姆浅滩矿物区;Ⅱ区为石榴子石、普通角闪石含量较高,磁铁矿为特征矿物的普里兹水道矿物区;Ⅲ区为紫苏辉石含量较突出的四女士浅滩矿物区;Ⅳ区为普通角闪石含量明显突出,石榴子石显著减少的深水陆坡矿物区。通过电子探针测试研究区石榴子石结果表明:碎屑石榴子石含有较高的Fe、Mg和较低的Ca、Mn,属主要来源于高级麻粒岩相副变质岩的A型石榴子石。普里兹湾海域的碎屑矿物分布特征是物质来源、海流系统以及冰川活动等多重因素综合作用的产物。 相似文献
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A semiquantitative X-ray diffraction study of the finer-than-2μ-size fraction of the surface sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea has been carried out. On the basis of the abundances and the distributional patterns of the different clay minerals six mineral assemblages are distinguished. These assemblages have distinctive sources and their dispersal reflects different agents of transport in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. 相似文献
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利用1997年国土资源部青岛海洋地质研究所和韩国资源研究所合作在南黄海东南侧泥质沉积区所取得的两个全取芯钻孔(SYDP102,SYDP103)资料,对SYDP103孔黏土矿物进行了专门研究.结果表明,该孔黏土矿物组合特征为伊利石-绿泥石-高岭石-蒙脱石型,其物质来源于长江、周边陆源区及相邻海域细粒物质的再改造沉积.沉积区的涡旋作用是本研究区黏土矿物沉积的动力因素.该孔黏土矿物的分布特征和含量变化,与冰消期以来的孢粉组合有明显的对应关系,反映了气候特征决定了黏土矿物的形成组合特征,并与全新世全球性四个气候期(北方期、大西洋期、亚北方期、亚大西洋期)相吻合. 相似文献
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渤海、黄海、东海沉积物中矿物组合的研究 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
本文对黄海、渤海、东海以及长江、黄河、辽河表层沉积物中的轻、重矿物进行了研究。分析资料表明,调查区内共有三种类型的矿物:陆源矿物、自生矿物和海底火山喷发形成的火山型矿物。根据轻、重矿物组合的差异,可把调查区分成8个矿物区。其物质来源主要为黄河与长江。黄河物质主要沉积在黄海、渤海;长江物质沉积在东海陆架区,而冲绳海槽则发现有海底火山喷发物质与浊流沉积。 相似文献
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南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物分布特征及物源意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文根据2007～2010年间对南海北部陆架采集的292个表层沉积物样品0．063～0．125mm粒级矿物的鉴定和分析结果,研究了该海域表层沉积物重矿物的分布特征和物质来源．结果表明：该海域矿物组成以轻组分矿物为主,平均质量百分数高达98．49％,重组分矿物的含量较低,平均值为1．51％,最高质量百分数仅为10．38％,共发现了60种重矿物．影响南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物的含量和分布的首要因素是水动力条件,其次是物质来源,其他因素如沉积环境、矿物自身的变质程度等也在一定程度上影响其分布特征．根据因子分析的因子荷载分布及南海北部陆架的地形地貌,研究区可划分为4个主要矿物组合区和2个亚区．分析结果表明,华南沿海的众多河流特别是珠江的入海泥沙是南海北部陆架表层沉积物的主要物质来源．海南岛东南部海底峡谷区处于相对稳定的沉积环境,胶结于有孔虫壳内的海洋自生黄铁矿含量丰富． 相似文献
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The mineral composition of heavy and light subfractions of the modern bottom sediments of the Caspian Sea is studied. The concentration of the minerals in the Caspian Sea made it possible to identify nine terrigeneous mineralogical provinces in its area. Based on the mineral composition of the heavy subfraction of the bottom sediments, the main sources of the fragmentary material supply are established. The distribution of the terrigeneous minerals over the bottom area in the modern bottom sediments of the Caspian Sea depends on the sources of the fragmentary material; the stability and flotation properties of minerals; the morphology of the bottom; and the hydrodynamic conditions. 相似文献
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南海东部海域的沉积作用和物质来源研究 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：7
1998年在南海东部海域采集了195个表层和24个柱状沉积物样,对沉积作用和物质来源研究表明:(1)南海东部海域具有典型的边缘海沉积特征,沉积物主要由陆源碎屑、生物碎屑、火山碎屑、浊流沉积物组成,沉积作用具有多样性;(2)黄岩岛以北海区沉积物中基性岩组分含量为23.2%,陆源硅铝质组分含量为76.8%,这两种组分的理论计算值与海底沉积物实际分布相一致;(3)由碎屑矿物分析得出陆源矿物、混合矿物、自生铁锰矿物和中基性火山矿物四种矿物组合区,矿物组成和含量差异反映了物源和沉积环境的变化;(4)对沉积物中大于0.063 mm的物质全组分分析表明,生源组分占66.97%,其中钙质生物含量为23.43%,硅质生物含量为43.54%,钙质生物高值区主要分布在水深小于3 500 m的海区,硅质生物高值区主要分布在水深大于3 500 m的深水区;(5)南海东部海域火山沉积作用明显,海底扩张区沉积物中铜、钡、铁、锰、钴、镍、砷等金属物质分布与海底构造和海底中基性火山活动密切相关;(6)对沉积物粒度、物质组成和生物化石组合分析表明北部陆坡区69柱187.5~190.0,287.5~280.0,377.5~380.0 cm,深海平原区149柱157~187,187~194 cm,南部陆坡区323柱280~350 cm在粒度上表现出浊流沉积特征;(7)对锶同位素物源示踪和粒度、矿物的研究表明,北部陆源碎屑向南一直扩散到约17 N,西吕宋海槽是亚洲大陆物质特别是我国大陆物质向南海东部海域输运的主要通道. 相似文献
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The provenance of the Danish Miocene sands has been deduced from zircon ages and heavy minerals integrated with an existing detailed stratigraphic model of the fluvio-deltaic sand successions that prograded into the North Sea Basin in large delta lobes. The stratigraphic model allowed interpretation of the depositional ages of the samples, which were used to reconstruct the outline of the river pathway system for each time slice. The contribution from individual source areas to a specific position in the Miocene succession was controlled by depositional environment and tectonics. The major rivers each flowed separately to the sea, so mixing between supplies from different sources could only have occurred in the marine environment, where a wave-induced shallow current and a tidally-induced deeper current transported the sediment along the shore in opposite directions. Changes in grain size parameters and mineral assemblages across Denmark showed that the overall sediment transport direction for southern Scandinavia was to the south-west. They also showed that the sediments are immature with regards to transport length, so the high maturity of the heavy mineral suite suggests that kaolinisation has been a widespread phenomenon in the source areas. Rapid uplift and/or extensive denudation may have been revealed by an apparent eastward migration of the dominating provenance area, which was observed in the zircon age data for two consecutive time spans; the early Miocene first tectonic pulse and the intra-early Miocene tectonic phase. Comparison of the zircon age distributions with age markers defined using the published ages of the Scandinavian basement terranes shows that most of the sand came from several Sveconorwegian source areas in south-eastern Norway and south-western Sweden. Contributions from the Svecofennian Orogen, the Caledonian belt and the Oslo Rift are also found and the presence of Archaean zircon grains suggests that contributions to the river systems came from as far away as Finland. 相似文献
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Paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South China Sea (NSCS) since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, and calcium carbonate content is used to trace the sources of the fine-grained sediment and to investigate the paleoenviornmental evolution in this area. Clay mineral assemblages are dominated by illite (average about 39%) and chlorite (about 27%), which comes mainly from Taiwan and the East China Sea. Kaolinite, which accounts for about 13%, comes mainly from the Zhujiang (Pearl) River, and Luzon Island is the main source for smectite (about 21%). The planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic oscillations during the last glacial period are coeval with climate variations recorded in the Greenland ice core and Western Pacific sediment. These variations include the LGM, Heinrich event 1, Bφlling-Allerφd (B/A), and Younger Dryas. For the Holocene, three periods of strong precipitation (S1-S3) and three periods of weak precipitation (W1-W3) are identified. The oxygen isotopic record exhibits corre-lation with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global tele-connection among regional climate. A brief, negative planktonic foraminiferal carbon isotopic excursion during B/A reflects increased methane released from marine gas hydrate due to the rapid warming of the water. By comparing calcium carbonate content curves of the core ZHS-176 with these of other five boreholes lying above the lysocline, a remarkable low calcium carbonate event is found during the early Holocene in NSCS. 相似文献
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西北冰洋表层沉积物黏土矿物分布特征及物质来源 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
西北冰洋表层沉积物黏土矿物分析结果显示其黏土矿物组成的区域分布和变化具有明显的规律性:从楚科奇海到北冰洋深水区,随着水深的增加,蒙皂石和高岭石含量增高,绿泥石和伊利石含量降低。自西往东,伊利石结晶度值降低,化学指数升高。根据Q型聚类分析获得的黏土矿物组合特征,结合周缘陆地的地质背景、河流及洋流情况,对研究区进行了黏土矿物组合分区,讨论了其黏土矿物来源。楚科奇海表层沉积物黏土矿物组合在靠近阿拉斯加一侧海域以Ⅰ类为主,靠东西伯利亚海一侧主要有Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和Ⅳ类,中部主要为Ⅵ类,主要是西伯利亚和阿拉斯加的火山岩、变质岩以及一些含高岭石的沉积物以及古土壤等,经风化、河流搬运入海,在北太平洋的3股洋流及西伯利亚沿岸流的作用下沉积形成的。西北冰洋深水区表层沉积物的黏土矿物组合以Ⅰ类和Ⅴ类为主,表明其沉积物来源为欧亚陆架和加拿大北极群岛周缘海域的海冰沉积和大西洋水体的搬运以及加拿大马更些河的河流物质输入。 相似文献
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Benthic foraminifera are increasingly used as environmental bio-indicators of pollution in coastal and marginal marine settings. Their community structure provides information on the general characteristics of the environment and some species are sensitive to specific environmental parameters. Among various criteria, the occurrence of test abnormalities may represent a useful bioindicator for monitoring environmental impacts in coastal regions. A study of living benthic foraminifera was carried out in 42 sediment samples collected from the central Adriatic coast of Italy. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages from this area are rich, well preserved, and dominated by Ammonia parkinsoniana, and subordinately by Ammonia tepida, Aubignyna perlucida, Eggerella scabra, and Nonionella turgida. Heavy metal concentrations have been analysed which indicate low polluted environmental conditions. Foraminiferal species and heavy metal concentrations were investigated both with bivariate (correlation matrix) and multivariate techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Statistical analysis shows a possible control of these pollutants both on the taxonomic composition of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages and the development of test malformations. Increasing heavy metal contents lead to an increase in relative abundance of A. tepida A. perlucida, N. turgida and E. scabra, and a relative concurrent decrease in relative abundance of A. parkinsoniana and higher percentages of deformed specimens (FAI) and species (FMI). Our results confirm that A. parkinsoniana prefers clean to low polluted environments and show that it is a very sensitive and un-tolerant species to heavy metal pollution being deeply affected by heavy metal content even at low concentrations. Our findings also confirm the capacity of the A. tepida to tolerate increasing heavy metal concentrations, and highlights that A. perlucida, N. turgida and E. scabra can be considered as tolerant species at least in low polluted environments. Following this, A. parkinsoniana and A. tepida can be reciprocally considered good bioindicator of heavy metal pollution over the surveyed area. The development of test abnormalities with a variety of malformations is a noticeable feature over the study area where the living deformed assemblages are largely dominated by a few species. The low percentages of deformed specimens (Foraminiferal Abnormality Index up to 4.7, with 2 on average) match well with the low concentrations of heavy metals that lead to low polluted environmental conditions. This study confirms and supports the suitability of studying benthic foraminifera as a technique for the in situ continuous bio-monitoring of heavy metal pollution of coastal marine sediments. 相似文献
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东海盆地丽水凹陷古新统锆石示踪作用分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
锆石具有较强的稳定性，是地质研究中一种强有力的工具。通过对其形态学研究，再结合其地球化学特征，可讨论其母岩的成因；同时，结合颗粒锆石的微区定年，可以讨论重要的地质事件成因和演化，如锆石的成因和微区离子探针技术在研究造山带构造年代学中发挥着重要作用。利用激光探针等离子体质谱(LAM-ICPMS)技术对丽水凹陷古新统沉积岩中锆石进行微区定年和微量元素测定，并对稀土元素配分模式和微量元素特征进行分析，结果表明，对于复杂来源的锆石，利用其地球化学特征进行区分效果不理想，锆石地球化学特征并不是有利的沉积和锆石来源显示。 相似文献