where k (M− 2 s− 1) can be determined from the
in the pH range 2 to 5, from 5 to 40 °C and 0.01 to 1 M.The effect of pH and ionic strength on the reaction suggest that the rates are due to
where H2A = H2CrO4, HA = HCrO4−, H2B = H2SO3 and HB = HSO3−. The overall rate expression over the investigated pH range can be determined from
k=kH2A–H2B(αH2A)(αH2B)2+kHA–H2B(αHA)(αH2B)2+kH2A–HB(αH2A)(αHB)2
with kH2A−H2B = 5.0 × 107, kHA–H2B = 1.5 × 106 and kH2A–HB = 6.7 × 107.Fe(III) in the range 1.5 to 20 μM exerts a small catalytic effect on the reaction and significantly lowers the initial concentration of Cr(VI) compared to the nominal value. Contrary to Fe(III), formaldehyde (20 to 200 μM) reacts with S(IV) to form the hydroxymethanesulfonate adduct (CH2OHSO3−), which does not react with Cr(VI). Major cations Mg2+ and some minor elements such as Ba2+ and Cu2+ did not affect the rates. The application of this rate law to environmental conditions suggest that this reaction may have a role in acidic solutions (aerosols and fog droplets). This reaction becomes more important in the presence of high Fe(III) and low HMS concentrations, contributing to affect the atmospheric transport of chromium species and the distribution of redox species of chromium, which reach surface water from atmospheric depositions.  相似文献   

14.
Leathery turtle (reptilia: Chelonia) in Foveaux Strait (note)     
D. Eggleston 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(3-4):522-523
Further records of the leathery turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Linnaeus), augment earlier records and perhaps indicate that this species may be a regular visitor.  相似文献   

15.
Topics Index of Volumes 31(1)-52(5)     
About ScienceDirect 《Coastal Engineering》2005,52(12):1175-1187
  相似文献   

16.
Arnoglossus boops (hector): A synonym of a. scapha (schneider) (pisces: Heterosomata: Bothidae)     
J. A. Colman 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):693-697
The unique holotype of Arnoglossus boops Hector is compared with specimens of Arnoglossus scapha (Schneider). It is concluded that the two species are identical, and that A. boops is therefore a junior synonym of A. scapha.  相似文献   

17.
Epiactis thompsoni (coughtrey, 1875) and e. mortenseni Carlgren, 1924 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) (note)     
J. R. Ottaway 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):253-255
  相似文献   

18.
The Biology of Upogebia pusilla (PETAGNA) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)     
Peter C.  Dworschak 《Marine Ecology》1988,9(1):51-77
Abstract. Populations of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia pusilla were studied on tidal flats in the Northern Adriatic Sea. Biometric analysis showed a sexual dimorphism, especially in propodus size. Size frequency distributions revealed the presence of large animals during all seasons; recruitment by juveniles occurred in autumn. Moult intervals and moult increments were determined in the laboratory and used to generate growth curves which were compared with those calculated from size frequency distributions. The life span of U, pusilla is over 5 years. Ovigerous females occurred between March and September. Egg numbers were high in spring, lower in summer and increased with body size. The incubation time of embryos was 35 days; a female produces an estimated number of three egg batches during the breeding season. A total annual production of 994 kJ was estimated for a theoretical population of 100 animals; 13.5 % is spent for somatic growth, 31 % for egg production of females, and 55.2% is lost as exuviae. The population structures, growth and breeding patterns, as well as embryonic and larval development within the Upogebiidae and Callianassidae are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
The Biology of Upogebia pusilla (PETAGNA) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)     
Peter C.  Dworschak 《Marine Ecology》1987,8(4):337-358
Abstract. The distribution of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia pusilla was studied at four sites in the North Adriatic Sea: 1) a tidal flat in the lagoon of Grado, 2) a tidal flat at Lido di Staranzano near the mouth of the Isonzo, 3) a mud flat seawards of a salt marsh in a protected bay north of Rovinj, and 4) a sublittoral station in 6m depth near Aurisina. Information on grain size distribution, organic content, amount of debris, redox profiles and pH of sediment as well as temperature and salinity is given. Density, as determined by hole counts and a hole: burrow relationship derived from resin casting, generally increased with increasing water depth in the intertidal. The upper limits ranged between +10cm (Rovinj) and -20cm (Grado); densities between mean water and low water level varied strongly due to microtopography and macrophyte cover. Maximum densities in the intertidal ranged from 189 (Grado) to 2420 (Rovinj, juveniles) animals m2. Shrimp density at the sublittoral station ranged between 80 and 230 m"2. The zonation of the Upogebiidae and Callianassidae with respect to environmental parameters is discussed.  相似文献   

20.
Juvenile form of the New Zealand turbot Colistium nudipinnis (Waite) (Pisces: Heterosomata: Rhombosoleinae) (note)     
J. A. Colman 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):575-579
A juvenile (26 mm) specimen of the New Zealand turbot Colistium nudipinnis (Waite) is figured and described. Differences between the juvenile and adult forms, and characters distinguishing juvenile C. nudipinnis from the young of other New Zealand species of flatfish, are noted.  相似文献   

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1.
我国五种鳢科鱼类的染色体组型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
鳢类是一群重要的淡水经济鱼类,多数种分布于东南亚。在我国除乌鳢为全国性分布外,其他种多分布在长江以南地区。关于鳢类染色体的研究,国外先后对眼鳢Ophicephalus marulius(Nayyar, 1966)。纹鳢O. punctatus、线鳢O. striatus和宽额鳢O. gachua(Manna等1973)的染色体组型作过报导,国内材料方面报导了乌鳢O. argus的染色体组型(庄吉珊1982,周暾1984),斑鳢O. maculatus和月鳢Channa asiatca的染色体数目,对我国鳢类的染色体组型,还很少研究。我们在研究中国鳢科鱼类的形态特征的同时,还对五种鳢类的染色体组型进行了研究,以作比较。  相似文献   

2.
采用高pH不连续系统聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳,特异性组织化学染色对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)的血清、肌肉、鳃、心脏、肝胰腺、精巢和精子等组织的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶酶谱进行了研究。同时,利用2种底物(乳酸钠和α-羟基丁酸钠)进行了特异性反应,并对其精子特异性乳酸脱氢酶进行了研究。结果表明:以乳酸钠为底物时,中华绒螯蟹的肌肉、鳃、血清和心脏有2条谱带,而精巢和精子有3条谱带,但在肝胰腺中未发现谱带;以α-羟基丁酸钠为底物时,只在血清、精巢和精子发现有1条谱带。从而说明,中华绒螯蟹乳酸脱氢酶同工酶存在组织特异性;精子存在特异性乳酸脱氢酶。  相似文献   

3.
采用同工酶电泳方法,对在不同温度处理下刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST)和超氧化歧化酶(SOD)的表达情况进行分析。本文结果显示刺参组织内无LDH同工酶的表达。在10℃到20℃的温度突变处理中,12 h内EST和SOD均有新增酶带,在20℃到10℃的温度突变1 h内EST表达有新增酶带。3 h内SOD表达有新增酶带。在不同变温幅度的处理中,EST和SOD只有1条酶带。这表明,刺参对温度突变可产生积极的响应,对于其适应环境温度的变化具有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
结合珊瑚骨骼X射线照片和δ18O、δ13C的年际变化,对南沙群岛美济礁滨珊瑚骨骼岩心的密度条带进行了分析,发现其密度带变化模式多样,初步可归纳为如下3种类型:(1)宽度相近的高低密度条纹均匀、相间地排列,一对高低密度条带平均宽约4 mm;(2)在骨骼主生长轴上由近于均匀分布的细密度条带组成,高低密度条带对平均宽约4 mm,但在主生长轴的两侧,多条细密度条带合成一条较宽的密度条带,高低密度条带对平均宽约10mm;(3)主生长轴上和其两侧的骨骼密度条带均由细密度条带组成,合成的高低密度条带宽分别约7和4 mm。与滨珊瑚骨骼δ18O的对比分析表明,第1种类型的细密度条带对不代表骨骼一年的伸长量,因为高低密度带和δ18O的峰值和谷值之间不存在统计学上的关系。第2种和第3种类型中由细条带组成的宽的高低密度条带对很可能是年周期性的。  相似文献   

5.
日本沼虾黑鳃病几种同工酶的变化与病理分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
酯酶（EST），过氧化物酶（POD），乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）同工酶在日本沼虾中存在着组织和器官的特异性，患黑鳃病后酶带发生显著变化。在肌肉、肝脏、心脏和鳃中病虾较健康虾的LDH酶谱分别缺失了2、6、2和1条酶带，同时肝脏中新增了1条酶带；POD酶谱分别缺失了0、7、4和2酶带，肌肉中新增了2条酶带；EST酶谱分别缺失了0、2、3和1条酶带，肌肉、心脏和鳃中分别新增了1、2和2条酶带；MDH酶谱分别缺失了0、2、1和1条酶带，肌肉和脏脏中各新增了1条酶带。  相似文献   

6.
采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对硬壳蛤5种组织(足、外套膜、闭壳肌、鳃和肝)的酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(M DH)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶进行了比较研究,并对酶谱表型及位点表达进行了分析。结果表明,硬壳蛤上述组织的EST和M DH同工酶存在不同程度的组织特异性,而LDH没有组织特异性。在EST酶谱中,肝组织染色最深,说明其EST活性最高,这与肝脏为重要的消化腺和解毒器官相适应。在M DH酶谱中发现了s-M DH和m-M DH所形成的谱带,闭壳肌的M DH谱带染色很深,这与肌肉需要由三羧酸循环提供大量ATP相适应。  相似文献   

7.
对鳜亚科9种鱼类的LDH同工酶进行了比较研究。结果表明9种鱼的LDH同工酶表型具有明显的种间差异;同种的个体及性别之间没有明显差异。根据LDH同工酶表型所得的分类结果与形态分类基本一致。鉴于9种鱼具有基本相同的相对迁移率,提出鳜亚科的种类可能是单系起源。在暗鳜(Siniperca obscura Nichols,1930);鳜(S.chuatsi Basilew-sky,1855)的晶体里,发现了C基因控制的区带,暗鳜、斑鳜(S.scherzeri Steindachner,1892)及大眼鳜(S.knerni Garmar,1912)的肝组织中酶谱存在多态现象。  相似文献   

8.
中华绒螯蟹不同发育阶段腹肢粘液腺同工酶的比较   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对中华绒螯蟹不同发育阶段(幼蟹、未成熟蟹、成熟蟹及抱卵蟹)腹肢粘液腺的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、醇脱氢酶(ADH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、过氧化物酶(POD)、酯酶(EST)及淀粉酶(AMY)等同工酶进行研究。结果表明不同发育阶段中华绒螯蟹腹肢粘液腺中，LDH同工酶的表达较稳定，均只有一条酶带，酶活性呈逐步减弱趋势，至抱卵蟹时活性又增强；ADH同工酶在不同发育阶段酶带数及酶活性也呈减少趋势，至抱卵蟹时又重新增加；MDH同工酶有m-MDH和s-MDH两种类型，其比值随发育阶段不同有一定变化；不同发育阶段POD同工酶活性均较弱；EST同工酶至抱卵蟹时酶带数最多，活性相对最强；AMY同工酶随不同发育阶段，酶带数及酶活性呈逐步复杂趋势。  相似文献   

9.
黄鳍鲷LDH同工酶的组织特异性研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
以黄鳍鲷为材料进行两方面研究:（1）用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法，对其肌肉，心脏，肝脏，血清，玻璃体，晶状体，脑等组织器官进行LDH同工酶分析比较，结果表明，不同组织中LDH的同工酶谱带不相同，存在着组织特异性：（2）用聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳法对其肌肉，血清的LDH同工酶进行分离 ，结果得到12－15条电泳区带，等电点范围在pH为3．65－9．58之间。  相似文献   

10.
杭州湾海域春、秋季鱼类种类组成和数量分布   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
采用底层拖网法,用渔获率作为鱼类资源数量分布的指标,进行了杭州湾调查海域2012年5月(春季)、10月(秋季)2个季节的鱼类种类组成、区系特点、数量分布等研究。结果表明:(1)杭州湾海域春、秋两季共获得并鉴定出的鱼类有31种,隶属于9目15科,其中以石首鱼科和■虎鱼科的种类为最多,各有5种,分别占总种数的16.7%;鳀科鱼类次之,有4种,占总种数的13.3%,优势种有睛尾蝌蚪■虎鱼、龙头鱼、刀鲚、棘头梅童鱼;(2)根据鱼类适温性可将该海域的鱼类分为暖水性、暖温性和冷温性3种适温类型,以暖温性种类为主,暖水性种类次之,而冷温性种类极少,仅有1种;(3)根据其生态习性,可分为河口性、沿岸性和近海性3种生态类群;(4)渔获数量分布规律是春季在调查海域的内侧或者说中西部较高,而湾口较低,秋季则正好相反。  相似文献   

11.
Alterations to nomenclature for two common intertidal New Zealand ‘top shells’ necessitated by re‐examination of type material have been confused by ambiguities in the way the alterations were first presented. We draw attention to recent misinterpretations and clarify the nomenclature. Condensed synonymies that indicate names used for each species during the interregnum are given, allowing papers dealing with these trochids to be read without uncertainty as to which species were really meant by the authors.  相似文献   

12.
A fossil seal jaw from the Early Pleistocene (Wanganui Series; Hautawan Stage) of Napier, New Zealand, is identified as that of an Ommatophoca rossi juvenile of less than 1.8 m body length.  相似文献   

13.
The rates of the reduction of Cr(VI) with S(IV) were measured in deaerated NaCl solution as a function of pH, temperature and ionic strength. The rates of the reaction were found to be first order with respect to Cr(VI) and second order with respect to S(IV), in agreement with previous results obtained at concentrations two order higher than the present study. The reaction also showed a first-order dependence of the rates on the concentration of the proton and a small influence of temperature with an apparent energy of activation ΔHapp of 22.8 ± 3.4 kJ/mol. The rates were independent of ionic strength from 0.01 to 1 M. The rate of Cr(VI) reduction is described by the general expression
−d[Cr(VI)]/dt=k[Cr(VI)][S(IV)]2
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