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1.
Meiofauna distributions at the oxygen minimum zone in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary waters 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
1 IntroductionOxygen minimum zone (OMZ) is a midwaterregion in the open ocean where dissolved oxygen con-centrations fall below 0.5 ml/L (0.714 mg/dm3,Kamykowski and Zentara, 1990; Levin et al.,1991). It results from the biological oxygen demandand is wel… 相似文献
2.
辽河口邻近海域小型底栖生物的空间分布及季节变化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文研究了辽河口邻近海域2013年8月、10月和2014年5月3个航次小型底栖生物的种类及其空间分布,分析了小型底栖生物丰度和生物量的季节变化。结果表明,3个航次（夏季、秋季和春季）小型底栖生物的平均丰度分别为（264±83） ind/（10 cm2）、（216±85） ind/（10 cm2）和（227±67） ind/（10 cm2）,平均生物量分别为（272±125）μg/（10 cm2）、（207±89）μg/（10 cm2）和（244±103）μg/（10 cm2）。与其他研究海域相比,辽河口小型底栖的丰度和生物量处于较低水平。共鉴定出了14个小型生物类群,按照丰度排序,线虫是最优势的类群,夏季、秋季和春季3个航次占总丰度的比例分别为94.0%、92.5%和90.8%;其他优势类群为多毛类、桡足类和双壳类。小型底栖生物量的优势类群则为多毛类（41.1%~44.0%）,高于线虫（33.8%~36.5%）,其次是双壳类（2.6%~6.7%）。水平分布的研究表明,调查海域近岸入海口小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量普遍低于近海海域,但是秋季时近岸分布与近海差距不大。垂直分布的研究表明,95.9%的小型底栖生物分布于0~5 cm的表层沉积物中。小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量在夏季时都达到高峰值。与环境因子的相关分析表明,小型底栖生物的数量分布与盐度和水深呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）,与叶绿素a呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。 相似文献
3.
胶州湾小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量 总被引：33，自引：5，他引：33
1995年 5月— 1 996年 1月 ,在胶州湾北部软底水域进行每 2月一次的调查。结果表明 ,小型底栖生物的年平均丰度为 1 .51× 1 0 6ind/m2 ,最高值出现在 95B1和 95B2站 ,分别为 2 .73× 1 0 6 和 2 .75× 1 0 6ind/m2 ,最低值出现在 95B3站 ,数量为 0 .46× 1 0 6ind/m2 。小型底栖生物的年平均生物量为 1 .32 g/m2 (干重 )。皮尔逊相关分析表明 ,小型生物的数量与以碳和氮表示的浮游植物的生物量呈负相关 ,相关系数分别为 - 0 .969和 - 0 .947(P <0 .0 5)。共鉴定出 1 4个小型生物类群。自由生活的海洋线虫占总数量的 86.6% ,底栖桡足类居第 2位 ,占总数量的 5.7%。按生物量 ,海洋线虫 (35.9% )、介形类 (32 .6% )、多毛类 (1 3.7% )和桡足类 (8.3% )共同构成小型动物的优势类群 ,80 %以上的小型生物分布在 0— 2cm以浅表层内。与国内外同类研究结果进行了比较 ,并对小型生物在胶州湾生态系中的作用进行了探讨 相似文献
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为研究南黄海小型底栖动物的空间分布格局及其环境影响因素，于2020年8月（夏季）和11月（秋季）对南黄海进行了两个航次的野外观测和采样，对小型底栖动物的类群组成、丰度、生物量、垂直分布、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。结果显示，共鉴定出小型底栖动物类群15个，其中自由生活海洋线虫为最优势类群，在两个航次中分别占小型底栖动物总丰度的75.6%和84.6%。其他较重要的类群还包括底栖桡足类、轮虫类和枝角类等。夏季和秋季小型底栖动物的平均丰度分别为（514.9±32.1）ind./(10 cm2) 和（350.8±30.7）ind./(10 cm2)，平均生物量（干质量）分别为（651.7±98.0）μg/(10 cm2)和（589.2±37.1）μg/(10 cm2)。小型底栖动物在时空分布上存在差异。在季节分布上，小型底栖动物丰度和类群组成存在极显著差异。结合环境因子分析结果可知，沉积物中值粒径是引起差异的主要环境因子。在空间分布上，夏季小型底栖动物丰度和类群组成在不同水深间存在极显著差异，秋季小型底栖动物丰度和类群组成在不同水深间差异不显著。推测黄海冷水团是影响夏季小型底栖动物空间分布差异的主要因素。本研究中小型底栖动物的数量和类群多样性相较于国内其他对南黄海小型底栖动物的研究较低，其中沉积物叶绿素a含量及有机质含量是引起南黄海小型底栖动物丰度变化的重要因素。海洋线虫与桡足类的丰度比值（N/C比值）评估显示秋季该区域存在有机污染，这一结果与应用大型底栖动物对同一区域进行环境评价的结果不一致，对于应用N/C比值评价环境质量还需要进一步的研究。 相似文献
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2007年6月对厦门东海域5个站位和晋江安海湾4个站位进行了小型底栖动物调查，分析了小型底栖动物的类群组成、密度和生物量．结果表明，从这两个海域样品中共鉴定出12个小型底栖动物类群，厦门东海域和安海湾自由生活海洋线虫分别占总数量的84．56％和98．19％．生物量组成和密度组成不同，厦门东海域多毛类（37．80％）、海洋线虫（33．32％）和底栖桡足类（18．64％）共同组成了小型底栖动物的生物量优势类群；安海湾生物量优势类群是由海洋线虫（67．64％）和多毛类（30．46％）组成．厦门东海域小型底栖动物的平均密度为72．67±10．21ind／cm^2，平均生物量为23．01±10．41μg/cm^2；安海湾的平均密度为31．48±45．58ind／cm^2，平均生物量为18．28±25．69μg/cm^2． 相似文献
6.
北黄海小型底栖生物丰度和生物量时空分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别于2006年7月和2007年1,4和10月在北黄海陆架浅海水域进行小型底栖生物调查.结果表明,4个航次的小型底栖生物平均丰度分别为(1 099±634),(664±495),(1 601±837)和(524±378) ind·10 cm-2;平均生物量分别为(1 446.34±764.66),(428.63±294.84),(1 580.53±1 041.23)和(793.50±475.83) μg·dwt·10 cm-2.共鉴定出18个小型底栖生物类群,按丰度,自由生活海洋线虫为最优势类群,4个航次的优势度分别为72%,90%,85%和74%,其他优势类群依次是桡足类、多毛类、动吻类和介形类;按生物量依次是线虫、桡足类、多毛类、介形类和双壳类.97%的小型底栖生物分布在0～5 cm的表层沉积物内,线虫和桡足类分布在0～2 cm沉积物的比例分别为86%和87%.二因素方差分析(two-way ANOVA)表明:小型底栖生物丰度和生物量在由4个航次所代表的春、夏、秋、冬各季节之间存在显著差异(春、夏高于秋、冬),在4个航次的5个相同取样站位之间也有显著差异.小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量与水深和底盐呈负相关性.北黄海冷水团对小型底栖生物丰度和生物量时空分布有一定的影响. 相似文献
7.
“大洋一号”调查船于2011年5—6月在南大西洋中脊14°S附近进行了7个站位的小型底栖生物采样。共鉴定出小型底栖生物10个类群。小型底栖生物平均丰度为(60.63±54.77) ind/10 cm2,平均干重生物量为(9.42±8.92) μg/10 cm2。线虫是其中的优势类群,丰度为(47.42±47.99)ind/10 cm2,占总丰度的78.21%,另外,肉鞭动物和桡足类分别占总丰度的16.63%和3.91%。生物量前3位的类群依次为桡足类、线虫和肉鞭动物。小型底栖生物密度随沉积物深度增加而减少,约73.55%的生物丰度分布在0～2 cm层内。个体大小方面,有75.32%的小型底栖生物粒径处于32～125 μm范围内。 相似文献
8.
Dingyong Huang Jianjia Wang Qianhui Zeng Jiaguang Xiao Peng Tian Sujing Fu Feng Guo Wentao Niu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2021,40(6):83-91
Sediment core samples were collected from 17 stations in the middle and eastern Chukchi Sea during the sixth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE-Arctic) in summer 2014.The samples were analyzed for composition,abundance,biomass,vertical distribution,size spectra,and ecological indexes of meiofauna.A total of 14 meiofauna taxa were detected,and the free-living marine nematodes comprised the most dominant taxon,accounting for 97.21% of the average abundance.The abundance and biomass of meiofauna were within ranges of(218.12±85.83)-(7 239.38±1 557.15) ind./(10 cm~2) and(130.28±52.17)-(3 309.56±1 751.80) μg/(10 cm~2),with average values of(2 391.90±1 966.19) ind./(10 cm~2) and(1 549.73±2 042.85) μg/(10 cm~2)(according to dry weight)respectively.Furthermore,91.26% of the individuals were distributed in the top layer of 0-5 cm of surface sediment,and 90.84% had sizes of 32-250 μm.Group diversity index of meiofauna in the survey area was low,and the variation of abundance was the main difference in meiofauna communities among all stations.Abundance and biomass of meiofauna were not significantly correlated with environmental factors except concentration of nutrient Si in bottom seawater.Abundance of meiofauna in shallow water of marginal seas in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean is likely at a same level and higher than that in most of China sea areas,suggesting that the shallow water of the summer Chukchi Sea is a continental shelf area with rich resources of meiofauna.The Chukchi Sea is important for studying the ecosystem of the Arctic Ocean and environmental responses.However,studies on meiofauna in the Chukchi Sea are still not enough,and in the future,natural and human disturbances may increase due to global warming,the Arctic channel opening,and other factors.Thus,more studies on meiofauna should be required,in order to know more about how the Arctic benthic community would alter. 相似文献
9.
东海北部小型底栖动物群落对径流及黑潮暖流入侵的响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为探究小型底栖动物群落在东海北部及其临近海域的分布规律，及其对环境因子的响应，于2016年9月和12月，对研究海域共计20个站位的小型底栖动物和环境因子进行了取样调查。调查结果显示，研究海域内共鉴定出小型底栖动物类群16个，其中海洋线虫为绝对优势类群，其他优势类群主要包括桡足类、动吻类和多毛类。9月航次小型底栖动物平均丰度为(1 758±759)个/（10 cm2），线虫占95.6%；平均生物量为(1 216.4±464.7) μg/(10 cm2)(干重)，线虫占55.26%。12月航次平均丰度为(2 011±1 471)个/(10 cm2)，线虫占95.6%；平均生物量为(1 143.0±755.0)μg/(10 cm2)(干重)，线虫占67.28%。聚类分析结果显示，小型底栖动物群落主要可以划分为近岸和外海两个组，其中近岸组小型底栖动物丰度显著高于外海站位。但在各断面分布上，绝大多数站位小型底栖动物丰度最高值均出现在60 m等深线附近，并且该水深处站位的温度和盐度数值均表现出黑潮水的特征。黑潮近岸分支对东海陆架入侵是导致小型底栖动物分布差异的重要原因，小型底栖动物在60 m等深线附近具有的高丰度值可作为其对黑潮入侵的响应。推测，黑潮入侵所导致的水体初级生产力增加以及黑潮水所携带的溶氧可能是导致该深度处小型底栖动物丰度增加的主要原因。 相似文献
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根据2006年7月13日至8月30日在长江口及邻近陆架海区采集的小型底栖动物样品,对小型底栖动物类群组成,丰度、生物量的水平分布和垂直分布以及调查海区的环境因子进行了研究。结果表明：研究海域小型底栖动物有线虫、桡足类、多毛类、寡毛类、介形类、螨类、双壳类、腹毛类、动吻类、端足类和等足类等11个类群及无节幼体等。平均丰度为453.22±355.34 ind/10 cm2,最优势类群为线虫,占小型底栖动物总丰度的81.37%,次优势类群分别为底栖桡足类和多毛类,分别占小型底栖动物总丰度的10.13%和2.96%。平均生物量为622.65±505.07 μg/10 cm2,生物量占比最高的类群为多毛类,占总生物量的30.21%,其次分别为线虫和寡毛类,分别占小型底栖动物总生物量的23.69%和19.44%。水平分布上,从河口冲淡水区到东海陆架深水区,小型底栖生物丰度呈现由低到高的变化趋势,杭州湾小型底栖动物丰度为240.96±223.47 ind/10 cm2,长江口近岸区为442.91±304.16 ind/10 cm2,东海陆架深水区为865.42±553.88 ind/10 cm2。垂直分布上,小型底栖动物主要分布在0~2 cm层,丰度为290.28±250.03 ind/10 cm2;其次是2~5 cm层,丰度为132.81±128.74 ind/10 cm2;5~10 cm层分布最少,丰度为30.14±31.91 ind/10 cm2。其中线虫、多毛类、寡毛类与桡足类等主要类群的垂直分布与总分布趋势相同。与环境因子进行相关分析表明,调查海区小型底栖动物的丰度主要与水深、盐度和溶解氧显著相关,对小型底栖动物分布影响最大的环境因子组合为溶解氧和盐度。 相似文献
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2009年4月14～16日在台湾海峡中北部海域进行了小型底栖生物调查研究.结果表明,研究海域的小型底栖生物平均丰度为21.11±16.29 ind/cm^2;平均生物量为20.97±4.96μg/cm^2（以干重记）.研究海域共鉴定出13个小型底栖生物类群,按丰度,最优势类群为自由生活海洋线虫其丰度为19.23±15.49 ind/cm^2,占小型底栖生物总丰度的91.10%,其他优势类群依次为底栖桡足类和多毛类,分别占小型底栖生物总丰度的2.77%和2.64%;分布在0～5 cm的表层沉积物内的小型底栖生物约为83.18%,线虫和底栖桡足类分布在0～2 cm的比例分别为57.66%和62.96%.小型底栖生物的生物量低于大型底栖生物,但由于其繁殖快,生命周期短,因此,其生物量约为大型底栖生物的445倍,年平均生产量约为大型底栖生物的1.39倍. 相似文献
14.
LIN Rongcheng HUANG Dingyong GUO Yuqing CHANG Yu CAO Yinkun WANG Jianjia 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(6):90-94
The metazoan meiofauna in the Chukchi Sea were collected from seven shallow water stations(depths ranging 46 to 52 m) and five deep sea stations(depths ranging between 393 and 2 300 m) during the 4th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2010. The results showed that abundance of meiofauna was higher in shallow water sediments(average of 2 445 ind./(10 cm2)) than in deep sea sediments(407.06 ind./(10 cm2)). A UNIANOVA test for difference between the two different regions was highly significant(F=101.15, p0.01). Nematodes were numerically dominant, representing(96.6±4.6)% of the total meiofaunal abundance at the shallow water stations and(98.90±1.42)% at deep sea stations. The number of higher taxonomic groups and abundance of meiofauna were higher at Stas CC1, CC4, and R06 near the Bering Strait and the continent, than at the rest of the shallow water and deep sea stations. The primary factors causing the differences were concentrations of nutrients P and Si of bottom seawater(R=0.831, p0.003), followed by depth(R=-0.655, p0.05) and sand fractions of sediments(R=0.632, p 0.05). The numbers of meiofauna on the 65 μm and 32 μm sieves were significantly higher than those on the rest of the screens. Differences in numbers of meiofauna retained on screens with different mesh openings were highly significant among all sampling stations(F=31.60, p0.01). The highest numbers of individuals on screens with 32 μm mesh openings were found at deep sea stations. The number of meiofauna in the top 0–1, 1–2, and 2–4 cm segments constituted 84.4% of the total and was significantly higher than those in the bottom 4–6 and 6–10 cm segments(F=15, p0.01). 相似文献
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Sediment samples were collected in the intertidal zone of the Dagu River Estuary, Jiaozhou Bay, China in April,July and October 2010 and February 2011 for examining seasonal dynamics of meiofaunal distribution and their relationship with environmental variables. A total of ten meiofaunal taxa were identified, including free-living marine nematodes, benthic copepods, polychaetes, oligochaetes, bivalves, ostracods, cnidarians, turbellarians,tardigrades and other animals. Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group in both abundance and biomass. The abundances of marine nematodes were higher in winter and spring than those in summer and autumn. Most of the meiofauna distributed in the 0–2 cm sediment layer. The abundance of meiofauna in hightidal zone was lower than those in low-tidal and mid-tidal zones. Results of correlation analysis showed that Chlorophyll a was the most important factor to influence the seasonal dynamics of the abundance, biomass of meiofauna and abundances of nematodes and copepods. CLUSTER analysis divided the meiofaunal assemblages into three groups and BIOENV results indicated that salinity, concentration of organic matter, sediment sorting coefficient and sediment median diameter were the main environmental factors influencing the meiofaunal assemblages. 相似文献
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V. O. Mokievsky L. V. Vorobjeva L. A. Garlitska M. A. Miljutina N. V. Kucheruk 《Oceanology》2010,50(6):945-952
The results of meiobenthic surveys undertaken in 1991, 1999, and 2005 off the Caucasian coasts of the Black Sea are presented.
During the period of 1991 to 1999, the number of free-living nematodes increased significantly at all the sampling stations.
The mean nematode abundance values grew from 85 ind./10 cm2 in 1991 to 1167 ind./10 cm2 in 1999. Proportionally, the total metazoan meiofauna density increased from 171 to 1283 ind./10 cm2. The abundance of other meiofaunal groups including harpacticoid copepods did not change significantly. As a result of these
changes, the ratio of nematodes to copepods (the nematodes-copepods index) increased from 2.5: 1 in 1991 to 26: 1 in 1999
and to 70: 1 in 2005. The number of foraminifers increased twofold. In 1991, they were found only at five stations out of
25. In 1999, foraminifers were presented at all ten stations with a mean density of 212 ind./10 cm2. Such changes in the meiobenthic communities could have resulted from cascade transformations of the ecosystem leading to
among other changes to a decline in the macrobenthos biomass and the release of nonutilized organic matter in the bottom ecosystems.
The differences in the procedures of the sampling and the samples’ processing in the different years may be responsible for
the 20–30% variation in the assessment of the meiobenthos’ number. 相似文献
17.
于2008年7、10月,2009年1、4月对青岛沧口潮间带进行了小型底栖生物调查。结果表明,小型底栖生物的年平均丰度为(936.02±565.31)ind.10cm-2,平均生物量为(561.89±322.57)μg.10cm-2(干重)。共鉴定出10个类群,线虫在丰度上占绝对优势(95.41%),按生物量,线虫占63.58%,多毛类居次,占13.21%。丰度有潮区差异,生物量呈现季节和潮区差异。在垂直分布上,表层0～4层分布最多(42.57%),向深层呈现递减趋势,并且垂直分布表现出季节变化。高潮带春季表层的小型底栖动物数量百分比最高,冬季表层的数量百分比显著的低于其他3个季节。相反,中潮带冬季表层数量百分比却明显高于其他3个季节。Pearson相关分析未表明小型底栖生物总丰度和环境因子的显著相关。但对各层的小型底栖生物丰度和环境因子的Pearson相关分析表明,0～4cm的小型底栖生物丰度和叶绿素及中值粒径显著相关,8～12cm的小型底栖生物丰度和中值粒径显著相关。BIOENV分析表明,能够解释小型底栖动物空间分布的的最佳环境因子组合为有机质、中值粒径和含沙量。 相似文献
18.
Biomass of meiobenthic in the Bohai Sea, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
IorasMeiOfauna is a vmp imprtant pep in benthic small bo web energetica1ly duo to theirarell aize and high turnovr rates. A nde Of meMauna op be the recireulaton of nutrient8*Marine nemathe mey keep the bacterial chnies on sand grains in active phase Of gorth byfeding on bacteria, thus enhancing the recirculation Of nutrients (McIntyre, l969; Feller andWrmick, l988; MOntagna et al., l995). But energetics studie8, no matter tfor conductedon the energybudgt level for individua sPeCies or a… 相似文献
19.
Meiofaunal distributions on the Peru margin:: relationship to oxygen and organic matter availability
《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2001,48(11):2453-2472
A quantitative study of metazoan meiofauna was carried out on bathyal sediments (305, 562, 830 and 1210 m) along a transect within and beneath the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the southeastern Pacific off Callao, Peru (12°S). Meiobenthos densities ranged from 1517 (upper slope, middle of OMZ) to 440–548 ind. 10 cm−2 (lower slope stations, beneath the OMZ). Nematodes were the numerically dominant meiofaunal taxon at every station, followed by copepods and nauplii. Increasing bottom-water oxygen concentration and decreasing organic matter availability downslope were correlated with observed changes in meiofaunal abundance. The 300-m site, located in the middle of the OMZ, differed significantly in meiofaunal abundance, dominance, and in vertical distribution pattern from the deeper sites. At 305 m, nematodes amounted to over 99% of total meiofauna; about 70% of nematodes were found in the 2–5 cm interval. At the deeper sites, about 50% were restricted to the top 1 cm. The importance of copepods and nauplii increased consistently with depth, reaching ∼12% of the total meiofauna at the deepest site. The observation of high nematode abundances at oxygen concentrations <0.02 ml l−1 supports the hypothesis that densities are enhanced by an indirect positive effect of low oxygen involving (a) reduction of predators and competitors and (b) preservation of organic matter leading to high food availability and quality. Food input and quality, represented here by chloroplastic pigment equivalents (CPE) and sedimentary labile organic compounds (protein, carbohydrates and lipids), were strongly, positively correlated with nematode abundance. By way of contrast, oxygen exhibited a strong negative correlation, overriding food availability, with abundance of other meiofauna such as copepods and nauplii. These taxa were absent at the 300-m site. The high correlation of labile organic matter (C-LOM, sum of carbon contents in lipids, proteins and carbohydrates) with CPE (Pearson's r=0.99, p<0.01) suggests that most of the sedimentary organic material sampled was of phytodetrital origin. The fraction of sediment organic carbon potentially available to benthic heterotrophs, measured as C-LOM/Total organic carbon, was on average 17% at all stations. Thus, a residual, refractory fraction, constitutes the major portion of organic matter at the studied bathyal sites. 相似文献
20.
用海洋线虫监测潮间带有机质污染的调查研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文是1990年6月至12月,在青岛湾东侧的泥质—粉砂质潮间带,对小型底栖生物所进行的定量研究。小型动物的丰度,随季节变化很大,从9月的909ind/10cm~2至6月的9850ind/10cm~2。自由生活海洋线虫占整个小型动物数量的99.8％。线虫的最低值出现在严重污染区的S_4站。6月在污染区的S_2站观察到。线虫的最高值21427ind/10cm~2。SCI指数随远离排污口而增加。沿有机质污染的梯度,海洋线虫的丰度和SCI指数所显示的趋势,与本研究及以前所获得的大型多毛类动物(主要是小头虫)的研究结果相吻合。将海洋线虫的丰度、百分比组成和SCI指数,做为一种可行的方法,可用来监测受到有机质污染的沉积物。 相似文献