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1.
热带西太平洋潜流模拟:(Ⅰ)模式配置与模拟结果验证 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用高分辨率准全球海洋模式HYCOM(HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model),采用局部加密网格的方法,模式积分30年,模拟了热带西太平洋环流的年平均状态和季节变化.通过与实测的海表面高度、测流资料、温盐资料等对比分析,验证了模拟结果的有效性,认为模式结果可以用于研究热带西太平洋潜流及其季节变化. 相似文献
2.
太平洋低纬地区垂直环流圈与海温的季节变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对西太平洋低纬地区科罗尔等五个测站200百帕与850百帕高度风场资料作了分析。结果表明,西太平洋低纬地区经向垂直环流圈的季节变化与所在经度范围内的南北向海温梯度的季节变化一致。而纬向垂直环流圈的季节变化则与印度洋——太平洋低纬地区东西向海温梯度的季节变化一致,并且落后于海温梯度一个月。这一现象表明,赤道太平洋东部与热带印度洋西部的海温变化均与太平洋低纬地区纬向环流的变化有密切的关系。单单强调赤道太平洋东部海温的热力作用是不够的。 相似文献
3.
太平洋低纬地区垂直环流圈与海温的长期变化(二) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过统计学相关分析,讨论了西太平洋低纬地区经圈环流强度、西北太平洋副热带高压的长期变化与赤道太平洋东部海温场、热带太平洋西部—南海海温场之间的耦合关系。 结果表明,赤道太平洋东部海温异常是西太平洋低纬地区经圈环流强度长期变化的主要原因之一。赤道太平洋东部海温的异常,通过西太平洋低纬地区经圈环流强度的异常响应,影响西北太平洋500hPa副高以及南海海温的长期变化。很有可能,东北太平洋中高纬度西风带西风强度与赤道海温的遥相关,是通过西太平洋低纬地区哈特莱环流向北的角动量和热量输送而实现的。 相似文献
4.
基于HYCOM模式建立两组数值试验:低水平分辨率的全球模型(0.5°)和高分辨率的嵌套试验(嵌套0.1°分辨率的热带太平洋海域),评估水平分辨率对HYCOM模式在热带太平洋海域海温模拟能力的影响。结果表明:(1) HYCOM数值模拟结果除赤道中太平洋的小部分海域误差较大外,基本较好地模拟出热带太平洋海域海表温度的分布特征,并能较好反应西太暖池空间分布的季节变化。(2)提高水平分辨率使得HYCOM对热带太平洋SST的模拟有所改进,有效减少了HYCOM对西太平洋暖池区模拟偏暖的误差,但是提高水平分辨率后使得夏秋季节暖池西缩。(3)通过代表性断面上温度分布的对比分析,两组试验等温线的密集程度均比实测结果稀疏,高分辨率模型对跃层强度的模拟偏弱,这反映模式在提高分辨率的同时要有相应的物理过程(如混合等)与之相匹配。 相似文献
5.
主流系与西太平洋暖池变异机制研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项重点任务2以热带西太平洋主流系和暖池为主要研究对象,基于西太平洋和印尼海科学观测网综合观测数据,结合动力理论分析和数值模拟结果,在主流系和西太暖池的三维结构、变异规律和动力机制,以及西太与周围海域之间物质能量交换等方面取得了原创性成果。在上层主流系和暖池变异方面,首次直接观测到棉兰老潜流(MUC)、吕宋潜流(LUC)和北赤道潜流(NEUC)等次表层潜流及其多尺度变异,给出了三支潜流相互间的水源关系,揭示了潜流系统强劲的季节内变化特征及其与中尺度涡旋活动的关系,并进一步分析了棉兰老流(MC)/MUC年际变异及其控制因素。西太平洋主流系平流输送在暖池形成中起到了主要作用,而且暖池北部区域自20世纪90年代起出现显著的扩张现象,是由混合层厚度变浅导致。在中深层环流特征和机制方面,发现南北半球中层水团的交换通道、机制和显著交换周期;丰富了对赤道西太平洋中层流结构特征和变异的认识,同时突破了对西太平洋深层环流结构特征和变异规律的认知局限,例如中深层流流速自北向赤道增加,其变化远大于平均值,菲律宾海盆中部深层流以西南-东北方向为主,赤道区域中深层流以纬向东西交替的射流为主等。在西太与周围海域之间物质能量交换方面,通过在印尼贯穿流(ITF)源区及印尼海的同步走航及定点潜标观测,揭示了MC在苏拉威西海和马鲁古海峡交汇处的流径跃变在2015—2016超强El Ni?o的发生起重要作用,西边界流区的非线性反射对ENSO事件的发生发展起至关重要的作用。上述原创性成果显著提升了热带西太平洋环流动力学的认知水平。 相似文献
6.
威德尔海是南极洲最大的边缘海,南侧毗邻菲尔希纳冰架和龙尼冰架,西侧紧邻南极半岛,东侧可到科兹地一线,北部面向开阔大洋.开展威德尔海的研究工作,对于认识整个南极的构造史、南极环流的发展史和现代气候的演变史有着重要意义.本研究通过卫星测高数据获取了威德尔海区域的水深地形,分析结果表明威德尔海的南侧和西侧呈现出陆架、陆坡、深海平原的典型地形变化特征.根据地形变化初步划分出威德尔海的陆架、陆坡、深海平原、海沟、海脊、海槽与海底高原等地貌类型.威德尔海的中部偏东侧主要分布着深海平原,往北侧受海沟阻隔,地形变化较为复杂.海底高原是南极半岛往东北延伸的水下部分,其间隔形成了鲍威尔海盆、简海盆等水深3 000 m左右的海盆,与4 000~5 000 m的深海平原形成明显的水下阶地形态.深海平原的东北侧海域分布着脊槽相间的地形,以"鲱骨式结构"、海沟等构造地貌类型为主.威德尔海西侧洋陆边界转换带控制了陆架的延伸位置,而东南侧陆架宽度被"发现陡崖"等构造地貌控制.威德尔海的地形地貌特征主要受构造作用控制,同时冰川沉积物的输送在后期对地貌的演变有着一定的影响. 相似文献
7.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(2)
本文基于大洋环流数值模式HYCOM对南海季节内振荡进行模拟,并利用CEOF方法对季节内振荡的物理特性进行了分析。结果表明,季节内振荡起源于南海东边界并以5.87cm·s-1向西传播,在南海海盆内存在3个完整波型,波长为360km,周期为71d。季节内振荡引起的流速振幅在表层最大,随着深度的增加迅速减小。Rossby波理论的分析结果表明,该振荡是南海海盆内的简正模态,属于Rossby波的第一斜压模态。 相似文献
8.
本文以热带西太平洋7个岛屿测站为代表,分析了热带西太平洋纬向风的年际变化特征及其与埃尔尼诺的关系。 结果表明,在埃尔尼诺南方涛动现象发生前后,热带西太平洋低、高层纬向风具有不同的特征,低层纬向风与滞后1～6个月的南方涛动指数呈明显的负相关。该地区纬向风异常在太平洋低纬地区海气相互作用过程中可能起着重要的作用。 相似文献
9.
西太平洋暖池海温异常年夏季东亚大气环流特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料对西太平洋暖池区海表水温冷、暖异常年夏季东亚大气环流作了合成分析,与气候平均比较后发现:夏季暖池区暖异常时,在西太平洋上空的对流层低层产生一个强的反气旋偏差环流,因而不利于南海南部和赤道太平洋地区的西风发展,使热带夏季风强度减弱;在南海西部和中南半岛东部有偏差气流转向大陆,因而增强了偏南风,使副热带夏季风强度增强;在对流层中、下层副高脊线位置偏南,大约以400hPa为分界线,低层副高强度增强,高层副高强度减弱。西太平洋暖池冷异常年夏季东亚大气环流特征大致与上述情况相反,且强度或变化幅度小于暖异常年夏季。另外,与气候平均比较,暖异常年纬向Walker环流上升支大幅西移,而冷异常年该环流上升支则东移。 相似文献
10.
热带西太平洋海域上层海洋热含量的CSEOF分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于月平均Argo温、盐度剖面、纬向风和Ni o3.4指数等资料,利用循环平稳经验正交函数(CSEOF)分解法、最大熵谱分析和相关分析等方法,研究了热带西太平洋海域上层(0—700m)海洋热含量的时空变化特征,并探讨了其年际变化的可能原因。结果表明,热带西太平洋海域上层海洋热含量距平场具有显著的东-西向反位相振荡,且这种振荡除了具有较明显的季节变化外,还存在着较强的准2a振荡。此外,热含量距平场还存在着负-正-负的三极式经向模态,该模态除了具有明显的季节变化外,还存在着显著的准4a振荡。进一步分析表明,热含量的准2a振荡与ENSO事件的发生有着非常密切的联系,并对赤道西太平洋纬向风异常有1—2月的滞后响应。 相似文献
11.
印度洋上层海气相互作用对印度洋和太平洋气候系统有重要影响。目前针对印度洋气候态环流特征已有较为全面的研究,但针对印度洋环流的年际变化及其季节性差异的特征分析和具体作用机制,仍缺乏深入的研究。本文利用1979—2007年Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA)再分析资料研究了赤道印度洋表层辐合辐散的年际变异及其季节依赖性。结果表明,以赤道为中心,印度洋上层异常海流,在经向上形成显著的辐合(辐散)现象,究其原因主要是赤道纬向风异常形成的Ekman流所导致。进一步分析表明,热带印度洋异常纬向风的成因与太平洋-印度洋的热力强迫过程作用有关,并且不同的热力强迫过程呈现出显著的季节差异性。此热力强迫过程,具体可分为3种类型:第一类是太平洋纬向海表热力差异的遥强迫作用,主要发生在冬末春初,热带太平洋的纬向热力差异通过调节Walker环流,在印度洋激发出一个异常的次级环流,对应的大气低层形成纬向风异常;第二类是东-西印度洋海表热力差异的局地强迫作用导致的局地环流,使赤道印度洋上空形成纬向风异常,此过程在春末夏初较为显著;第三类是太平洋-印度洋热力差协同作用的结果,使赤道印度洋盛行异常的纬向风,此过程在秋季起主导作用。 相似文献
12.
In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean(10°S–25°N,45°–100°E) covering the Arabian Sea(AS) and Bay of Bengal(BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper ocean.The surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables(temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998–2014(17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth(MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring(March-April-May) and highest during winter(December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS(BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11–12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents. 相似文献
13.
引潮力对海洋环流模式的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The eight main tidal constituents have been implemented in the global ocean general circulation model with approximate 1° horizontal resolution.Compared with the observation data,the patterns of the tidal amplitudes and phases had been simulated fairly well.The responses of mean circulation,temperature and salinity are further investigated in the global sense.When implementing the tidal forcing,wind-driven circulations are reduced,especially those in coastal regions.It is also found that the upper cell transport of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC) reduces significantly,while its deep cell transport is slightly enhanced from 9×106m3/s to 10×106 m3/s.The changes of circulations are all related to the increase of a bottom friction and a vertical viscosity due to the tidal forcing.The temperature and salinity of the model are also significantly affected by the tidal forcing through the enhanced bottom friction,mixing and the changes in mean circulation.The largest changes occur in the coastal regions,where the water is cooled and freshened.In the open ocean,the changes are divided into three layers:cooled and freshened on the surface and below 3 000 m,and warmed and salted in the middle in the open ocean.In the upper two layers,the changes are mainly caused by the enhanced mixing,as warm and salty water sinks and cold and fresh water rises;whereas in the deep layer,the enhancement of the deep overturning circulation accounts for the cold and fresh changes in the deep ocean. 相似文献
14.
基于PHC3.0极地科学中心水文气候数据集(简称PHC3.0数据集)的温度和盐度资料,使用聚类分析和Bayes判别分析的方法,对北纬70°以北海域的水团结构进行了分析,在北冰洋区域划分出4个水团:北冰洋表层水(ASW)、大西洋中层水(AIW)、太平洋水(PW)和北冰洋深层水(ADW)。北冰洋表层水(ASW)遍布于欧亚海盆和加拿大海盆,以低温低盐为特征。大西洋中层水(AIW)位于约200～900m深度,在北冰洋环极边界流的作用下,其影响可达到加拿大海盆。太平洋水(PW)受经白令海峡进入北冰洋的海水影响,相对高温低盐,夏季时影响显著。北冰洋深层水(ADW)在海盆中相当均匀,几乎没有季节变化,盐度约在34.95psu,温度在加拿大海盆约为-0.3℃,欧亚海盆约为-0.7℃。 相似文献
15.
The Gulf of Finland is a 400-km long and 48–135-km wide tributary estuary of the Baltic Sea featuring the longitudinal two-layer estuarine flow modified by transverse circulation. Longitudinal volume transport in the deep layer is investigated by decomposing it into an averaged, slowly changing estuarine component (due to large-scale density gradients, river discharge and mean wind stress) and wind-driven fluctuating component. The derived expression relates the total deep-layer transport to the projection of wind stress fluctuation to a site-specific direction. The relationship is tested and calibrated by the results from numerical experiments carried out with the three-dimensional baroclinic circulation model. For the entrance to the Gulf of Finland, winds from northeast support standard estuarine circulation and winds from southwest work against the density-driven and riverine flow. The deep estuarine transport may be reversed if the southwesterly wind component exceeds the mean value by 4–5.5 m s−1. According to the data from hydrographic observations in the western Gulf of Finland, an event of advective halocline disappearance was documented in August 1998. Comparison of the deep-water transport estimates calculated from the wind data in 1998 with the observed salinity variations showed that the events of rapid decay of estuarine stratification were coherent with the estimated reversals of deep-layer volume transport, i.e. events of salt wedge export from the gulf. 相似文献
16.
Physical oceanographic data were collected during September 1975 at stations in the shallow water (max. depth 45 m) embayments of Salonica Bay and Thermaicos Gulf, and comparisons are made with data collected during other seasons. The distribution of temperature and salinity in the water column indicated the following features: fresh surface water predominantly related to river discharge; an intermediate water mass, apparently formed by mixing between the fresh and open sea waters; a thermocline, and deep bottom water open sea characteristics. The summer distribution of density in the surface and bottom waters, and the seasonal variation in the pattern of surface salinity, suggested an anti-clockwise water circulation throughout the embayments. 相似文献
17.
Carbonate-related parameters of subsurface waters in the West Philippine, South China and Sulu Seas 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Like most other deep basins in Southeast Asia, the deep Sulu Sea (SS) basin is isolated from the neighboring seas by surrounding topography. While the near-surface circulation is mainly governed by the seasonally reversing monsoon winds, below the warm and fresh surface layer, the core of the incoming Subtropical Lower Water from the West Philippine Sea (WPS), by way of the South China Sea (SCS), can be seen, at a depth of around 200 m, to have a distinct salinity maximum. It lies well above the sill depth (420 m) in the Mindoro Strait and thus, its spreading is not hampered by topography. The deep circulation is forced by an inflow of upper North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) from the SCS through the Mindoro Str. Below 1000 m, the physico-chemical properties are remarkably homogeneous. The higher temperature, but lower salinity, oxygen and nutrients, of the deep SS waters, compared to those of the SCS, is indicative of the intrusion of NPIW above the sill depth. The excess, anthropogenic CO2 penetrates the entire water column, because of the over-spill of the excess CO2-laden water from the SCS.It has been reported that the bottom of the SS is CaCO3 rich, relative to the SCS. Previous investigators attribute this to the higher θ in the SS. Indeed, the aragonite does not become undersaturated in the SS until below 1400 m, compared to 600 m in both the WPS and SCS; and the calcite does not become undersaturated until below 3800 m in the SS, compared to 2500 m in the SCS and around 1600 m in the WPS. However, the temperature effect is relatively small. These large differences are, in fact, largely a result of higher CO32− concentrations in the SS, relative to the WPS and SCS. The higher CO32− concentration in the SS, in turn, is mainly caused by the smaller amounts of organic carbon decomposition. 相似文献
18.
基于ECCO2 (Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean)、 GLORYS12V1 (Global Ocean Reanalysis and Simulations)、ORA-S5 (Ocean ReAnalysis)三种海洋再分析数据,对比研究了菲律宾海盆深层温盐及环流的季节和年际变化特征。结果表明:三种数据显示的海盆深层温盐季节变化特征基本一致,在3 000～4 000 m水深区域,海水呈春夏两季高温低盐而秋冬季低温高盐特性,4 000 m以下海水温盐季节变化很小;沿西边界,温度与内部有明显差异且季节变化幅度相对较大。沿西边界的输运季节变化特征表现为10月至次年4月输运向南,5—9月输运向北,并且在8月份达最大值;表明存在沿西边界的流动,即菲律宾海盆与南端西卡罗林海盆(West Caroline Basin)之间存在季节性水体交换。海盆深层海水温盐年际变化也十分显著,但不同数据显示的变化特征存在较大差异。EOF和相关分析显示,三种再分析数据的深层位温与ENSO均存在一定相关性,ECCO2的深层位温变化与ENSO的相关性最强。由于长期观测数据较少,再分析数据的结果难以验证,因此目前对年际变化特征的研究仍具有很大的不确定性。 相似文献
19.
CHOI Youngjin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(7):1-18
In this study the structure and seasonal variations of deep mean circulation in the East/Japan Sea (EJS) were numerically simulated using a mid-resolution ocean general circulation model with two diffe... 相似文献
20.
The seasonal circulation in the southeastern Huanghai Sea has been studied with hydrographic data,which were observed in February and June 1994 and bimonthly during 1970-1990,and numerical model results.Horiwntal distributions of temperature and salinity in 1994 are quite different due to strong tidal mixing so that we need a analysis to see the real distributions of water masses.The mixing ratio analysis with the data of 1970-1990 shows the connection of the waters in the west coasts of Kotea Peninsula with warm and saline waters from the south in summer,which means northward inflows along the west coasts of Korea Peninsula in summer.With this flow,the seasonal circulations,which are deduced from the seasonal change of water mass distributions in the lower layer,are warm inflows in winter and mld outflows in summer in the central Huanghai Sea,and cold outflows in winter and warm inflows in summer along the west coasts of Korea Peninsula.The seasonally changed inflows might be the Huanghai Sea Warm Current.The monsoon winds can drive such circulations.However,summer monsoon winds are weak and irregular.As one of other possible dynamics,the variation of Kuroshio transport is numerically studied with allowing sea level fluctuations.Although it should be studied more,it possibly drives the summer circulations.The real circulations seem to be driven by both of them. 相似文献