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石鲽鱼人工育苗技术研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据石鲽鱼的生物学特性，对亲鱼的选择培育、人工催产、挤卵、受精孵化和仔稚鱼的培育技术，进行试验探索，在室内人工控制水温、光照、饵料投喂的条件下，较为系统地研究了石鲽鱼的发育和变态及其与理化因子的关系，探索了人育苗的关键技术，突破了过去单纯领带采捕自然苗进行人工养殖的方式，为实现室内全人工育苗及养成产业化生产，解决苗种来源途径提供了技术保证。 相似文献
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黄盖鲽(Pseudopleuronectes yokohame)属鲽科中的冷温性鱼类,广泛分布于日本、朝鲜和东、黄、渤海[1-6]。地方种群多,洄游范围小,适应能力强,既具杂食性,又能耐低温。虽非名贵鱼种,却有一定的经济价值。早在60年代,日本学者便着手进行其人工育苗和放流试验[4,7-9]至今年放流2.0—3.0cm的稚鱼达700万尾。我国则无人从事此项研究。为了恢复渔业资源,在渤海开展其增殖放流,笔者从1982年开始,先后研究了其繁殖生物学,进行了人工育苗技术的研究,苗种中间培育和放流试验等[5-8]现将主要结果报告如下。 相似文献
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比较分析了石鲽和星突江鲽线粒体基因组COI、Cytb基因以及D-loop片段总长度为1175 bp的核苷酸序列,探讨了石鲽与星突江鲽的亲缘关系。2种间共检测到95处核苷酸替代,蛋白质编码基因上的核苷酸替代主要是第三密码子位点上的同义替换。核苷酸组成分析结果表明:3个目的片段的鸟嘌呤(G)含量普遍较低,在2个蛋白质编码基因第三密码子位点上表现得尤为明显。线粒体COI、Cytb基因和D-loop片段序列分析显示石鲽与星突江鲽间平均遗传距离分别为0.043、0.062和0.153,属于属内种间差异水平。2种鲽鱼在线粒体基因组不同片段上存在明显的遗传分化,核苷酸替代速率由大到小依次为D-loopCytbCOI。贝叶斯法、邻近距离法和最大简约法构建的系统发育树一致,皆显示石鲽与星突江鲽遗传关系很近。基于Cytb基因片段序列的分析结果表明:石鲽与星突江鲽的分歧时间约为185万年,分化事件发生于更新世中期(Middle Pleistocene)。 相似文献
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作者总结了前人的经验提出:在常温条件下利用日光进行育苗。试验的重点是提高幼苗的大小与防除附着物的方法。采用从育苗基质、采孢子时期、室内短期培育及下海育苗一系列新方法,结合人工洗刷技术等多方面措施,当年获得:每cm苗绳上出1cm以上大小的幼苗5株以上的结果。这样大小的幼苗比较容易养成,达到实用阶段,所以提出一套采孢子育苗的工艺流程。这是石花菜人工育苗的最好记录。 相似文献
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大黄鱼人工苗种生产技术 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
大黄鱼Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｃｉａｅｎａ （Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ）人工苗种生产技术包括亲鱼强化促熟、催产、孵化、苗种管理和疾病防治等部分。笔者根据几年来的大黄鱼育苗生产实践,并参照有关资料,现将其各个技术要点分别进行介绍,供大黄鱼和其他海水鱼类苗种生产参考。１亲鱼促熟在大黄鱼人工苗种生产中,提供足够数量的成熟亲鱼,是保证育苗成功的物质前提和首要条件。亲鱼促熟的方法有２种：室内水池促熟和海区网箱促熟。１．１室内水池促熟从海区鱼排中挑选规格大的养成鱼（雌鱼为０．６ｋｇ／尾以上,雄鱼为０．５ｋｇ／尾以上）作为… 相似文献
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厦门文昌鱼人工繁育批量生产技术研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2005年5月21日至7月6日从厦门市翔安区欧厝附近海域采集文昌鱼亲体6批共计550余尾，移入室内进行强化培育．7月16日和17日夜间，培育的亲体自然排放精卵并受精，共获得受精卵125万粒．受精卵孵化获得浮游幼体115万尾，孵化率达92．0％．孵化的幼体经25d较高密度人工培育，获得99．2万尾体长0．31～0．72cm的文昌鱼苗及未成苗浮游幼体；分苗疏养后，又经28d继续培育，存活的幼体几乎全部潜入沙层中，最终获得体长0．55～1．30cm的厦门文昌鱼潜沙苗23．2万尾，其53d育苗成活率达20．7％．这是国内外首次人工培育获得成批量的文昌鱼增养殖苗种．进而于2005年11月6日向厦门文昌鱼自然保护区实施了国内外首次的文昌鱼资源人工增殖放流． 相似文献
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点带石斑鱼人工育苗技术 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
通过58批次的人工育苗试验，总结点带石斑鱼人工育苗技术；阐述了育苗池、育苗的环境条件、鱼苗不同生长阶段的饵料及投喂方法、育苗水质管理及生产中的操作方法等；讨论了如何解决开口饵料问题和出现3个危险期的原因等。 相似文献
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Importance of feeding on regenerable parts of prey for juvenile stone flounder Platichthys bicoloratus in estuarine habitats 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Takeshi Tomiyama Satoshi Katayama Michio Omori Hitoshi Honda 《Journal of Sea Research》2005,53(4):297-308
Prey availability is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of nursery grounds. Estuaries play an important role as nursery grounds for juvenile stone flounder, but the mechanism behind the consistently high availability of prey has never been examined. This study investigates which prey is mainly selected by juvenile stone flounder (15–55 mm standard length) in the estuary of the Natori River, northern Japan. In a cage experiment, juveniles showed positive selection for the palps of the spionid polychaete Pseudopolydora kempi in March, and for the siphons of the bivalve Nuttallia olivacea in April, May and June in both sandy and muddy-sand habitats. This selective predation showed that sublethal predation on regenerable parts of invertebrates is important for stone flounder. Nuttallia olivacea, the dominant bivalve in the estuary, was more abundant and in better somatic condition in the sandy area in spite of the stronger siphon-cropping pressure by juvenile stone flounder. These results confirm that sublethal predation on highly abundant benthos plays an important role in forming estuarine habitats into areas of high prey availability for juvenile stone flounder, which leads to their high growth rate. 相似文献
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The relationship between trace elements in chum salmon otoliths and in their rearing water was investigated to develop ways to distinguish chum salmon stocks in Korea. Rearing water and otoliths of hatchery-reared chum salmon fry were collected from three major hatcheries (Yangyang, Samchuk, and Uljin) on the east coast of Korea in spring 2001 and 2002. Trace elements in the otoliths and rearing water were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) at the Korea Basic Science Institute. The chemical composition of rearing water and otoliths of the salmon fry at specific sites did not vary significantly through the study period. The ratios of some trace elements to Ca in rearing water, such as Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca, was clearly reflected in the chemical composition of otoliths, although the absolute concentrations were different. These two elements may be useful in distinguishing between salmon hatcheries, which have different chemical environments. Discriminant analysis with the ratios of eight elements to Ca (Na/Ca, Mg/Ca, Al/Ca, Cu/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/ Ca, Mn/Ca, and Zn/Ca) revealed a distinct separation of natal area in stocks. The analysis of otolith chemistry may be an effective technique for identifying the origins of wild salmon caught at sea. 相似文献
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Juveniles of both stone flounder Platichthys bicoloratus and starry flounder Platichthys stellatus utilize estuaries as nursery grounds. To understand their habitat selection and the functions of habitats such as food supply, we defined the seasonal distribution of recently settled fish of these species in shallow nursery areas and investigated their feeding habits in the Natori River estuary, Japan. Distribution of stone flounder was limited to the lower estuary (<3 km upriver from the mouth) and stone flounder were most abundant near the mouth. Recently settled starry flounder were first detected further upstream in areas characterized by low salinity <10 and by the absence of the predatory sand shrimp Crangon uritai. Early juvenile stone and starry flounders consumed mainly siphons of the bivalve Nuttallia olivacea and the mysid Neomysis awatschensis, respectively; however, 1- and 2-yr-old fish of both stone and starry flounders fed mainly on the bivalve siphons. These results indicate that habitat selections of juvenile stone and starry flounders enable utilization of preferred prey and predator avoidance, respectively, and that non-overlap of these species' habitats results in avoidance of inter-specific competition for food between these two species. 相似文献
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报道了牙鲆养殖过程中发生的体表溃烂综合症的病理组织变化。该病的病原有盾纤类纤毛虫指状拟舟虫和致病菌兔莫拉氏菌。指状拟舟虫不仅寄生于牙鲆体表皮肤、鳍 ,亦可侵入腹腔、肾脏、肌肉、心脏甚至脑。兔莫拉氏菌大量寄生于心脏血液中 ,随血液循环至各组织器官 ,引起牙鲆肝脏、肾脏及脾脏组织病变。指状拟舟虫和兔莫拉氏菌共同导致牙鲆死亡。 相似文献
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Michel Dedual 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):809-814
The total lipid content of fry (25–30 mm) and parr (55–110 mm) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Richardson 1836) was measured in spring 1996 and 1997 and in autumn 1997 in six trout‐rearing tributaries of Lake Taupo, New Zealand. The fat content of fry was variable between streams and some streams had a higher inter‐annual variation than others. The fat content of parr was also variable among streams but no difference could be found between seasons. The streams that produced fry with high fat content did not always produce parr with high fat content. 相似文献
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转“全鱼”溶菌酶基因大菱鲆的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用大西洋条鳕(Macrozoarces americanus)抗冻蛋白启动子opAFP promoter和牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)c型溶菌酶基因构建“全鱼”溶菌酶基因元件opAFP—ly，首次应用电脉冲精子介导法将该基因片段导入到大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)受精卵内，获得原代转基因大菱鲆。先后采用单因子方法和正交实验方法，重复实验确定了最适导入条件：脉冲电压为400V／cm，脉冲次数为5，脉冲宽度为25ms，外源DNA浓度为50mg/L。利用最适导入条件，实现基因元件大规模转移。采用PCR技术对1月龄的原代转基因大菱鲆仔鱼的染色体DNA进行分析，结果表明外源基因的整合率可达28％。 相似文献
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福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗技术的现状与展望 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
自90年代以来，福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗技术已向着多品种和批量化方向发展，各特优种类不断增加，人工种苗为海水网箱和池塘养殖提供大量苗源，科研教学单位的多项育苗成果已转化为生产力，开始进入种苗规模化生产的可持续发展阶段。迄今为止，福建海水鱼类人工繁殖和育苗成功的种类至少有14科30种，1999年大黄鱼的育苗量已超过3亿尾，其他年产种苗千万尾以上的海水鱼类有美国红鱼、花鲈、免状黄姑针、真鲷（春季生殖群体）和花尾胡椒鲷；年产种苗数百万尾的有黑鲷、勒氏笛鲷、断斑石鲈、免鱼和斜带髭稠等种类。石首鱼科鱼类已成为人工繁殖和育苗的主要对象。本文还针对福建海水鱼类增养殖的问题，提出今后可持续发展的几点设想。 相似文献
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In both laboratory experiments and field investigations with fish a large interanimal variability in CYP1A expression has been observed which may be attributed to variations in environmental inducer exposure and/or inducer response. We are carrying out laboratory investigations to assess the contribution of a potential genetic component in inducer response of flounder (Platichthy sflesus) CYP1A to PCB exposure and in this paper we report development of a sensitive quantitative RT-PCR procedure (real time PCR) where accumulation of the intercalated dye SYBR Green I is followed during cycling. Preliminary experiments using this procedure with artificially reared Arochlor 1254-treated flounders showed large interanimal differences in response for a single family group indicating that variability does have a genetic basis. 相似文献
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