共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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拖曳锚由于其承载性能和深水中便于安装被广泛应用于海洋工程系泊系统中,如:适用于悬链式系泊系统的传统拖曳锚和适用于绷紧式系泊系统的法向承力锚。拖曳锚安装过程中涉及诸多运动特性:锚板运动方向、系缆点处拖曳力和拖曳角及运动轨迹。基于大变形有限元分析技术耦合的欧拉-拉格朗日法,并引入缆绳方程,建立起锚-缆绳-海床土耦合作用的有限元分析模型;模拟了拖曳锚在均质和线性强度黏土中的嵌入安装过程,研究了锚板运动方向、系缆点处拖曳力和拖曳角及运动轨迹等运动特性;通过与已有的有限元分析方法及理论方法进行对比,验证了该分析模型的有效性;与已有的有限元分析方法相比,提出的分析模型有效地提高了计算效率。 相似文献
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相比于已有动力锚(鱼雷锚、多向受荷锚等),新型轻质动力安装锚借助助推器安装,具有质量轻、埋深大、承载效率高、在海床中下潜容易等特点。良好的水动力学特性(较小的拖曳阻力系数及稳定的下落垂直度)是确保动力安装锚准确、有效地安装到指定地点并贯入到设计深度的前提。通过4组10个工况的模型试验,研究了轻质动力安装锚的终端速度和拖曳阻力系数,及轻质动力安装锚和助推器的组合锚在水中自由下落时的方向稳定性。试验结果表明:优化后轻质动力安装锚的拖曳阻力系数为0.51~0.55,这有助于提高组合锚在水中的下落速度,从而提升组合锚的沉贯深度;增大助推器尾翼展弦比和选用轻质材料制作尾翼能减小组合锚的下落偏角,提高组合锚的方向稳定性。 相似文献
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水下拖曳系统运动姿态仿真研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
采用凝集参数法建立了水下拖曳系统的三维离散模型,该模型由一系列的质量点和不计重量的弹簧组成.采用数学模型编程对NCEL浮球实验和四个典型拖曳系统进行了仿真计算.计算结果表明此数学模型具有一定的理论意义和工程实用价值. 相似文献
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声学多普勒海流剖面仪(ADCP)是一种能测量三维垂直剖面流的高效仪器。当它固定在调查船上时,得到的海流数据要受到表面波动、螺旋桨的噪音和船壳汲入的漩涡的影响.为此,日本科技人员设计了一种用拖曳式运载体承载ADCP的新系统来测流,以消除上述干扰.这种拖曳式运载体深度和转动可控,拖曳电缆长800m,运载体的长、宽、高分别为2、2、1.5m,重360kg,最大速度为12kn.现场试验表明;这一系统性能优良,测得的数据有良好的精确度。 相似文献
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为了解决深海拖曳系统定位异常、不连续以及误差积累的问题,提出了一种联合惯性导航系统(INS)和超短基线定位系统(USBL)的组合定位方法,利用在航声线跟踪实现USBL的高精度定位,顾及INS和USBL系统的互补性,并结合Kalman滤波构建了INS+USBL的组合定位模型。将该组合定位模型应用于"向阳红01"船深海拖曳系统在南海的定位实验并与USBL的定位结果比对,实验表明,组合定位方法有效地解决了深拖系统定位异常且不连续问题。INS+USBL组合定位方法可以满足深海拖曳系统的稳健可靠定位,对于深远海定位具有重要意义。 相似文献
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针对我国对海水温度剖面的测量需求,在分析已有方法优缺点的基础上提出了一种新的方法——光纤温度剖面连续测量系统.此测量系统以光纤光栅传感器为测量单元,采用波分复用的方式串接在一起组成船载拖曳链,再通过甲板上的解调终端实时显示所测物理参量,从而实现分布式实时测量.这种方法能够以低成本快速高效获得高分辨率的海水温度剖面分布情况,为海洋探测提供丰富有效的数据.课题组设计制作了拖曳链系统的甲板机及60 m长的拖曳链,并在青岛近海进行了拖曳海试,实时获取了试验数据,达到了预期效果. 相似文献
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用于海洋探测的多参数拖曳荧光计系统 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文论述了作者研制成功的拖曳荧光计系统。该系统的荧光传感器采用了光源调制和信号同步解调技术,同时在受光器上采用了专用遮光导水暗盒及弯曲导水管,确保荧光传感器在探测体积内水体及时交换,并能有效地消除海中太阳光的影响。系统能在任一日光强度下从海表层至８０ｍ水深任一深度,走航拖曳速度在２～１０ｋｎ内平稳地水平工作。该拖曳体内安装有荧光传感器、温度传感器、深度传感器和多路传输电子线路装置。通过一根直径为１４ｍｍ的电源／信号传输七蕊铠装电缆将拖曳体与手摇绞车及船上控制器、数据采集、记录显示器连接在一起,可以同时测量光学和水文参数,这些数据为０～５Ｖ模拟电压量输出。该系统进行了多次水池和海上现场实验及应用,达到了预期设计目标。并且借助于荧光示踪染料完成了多处海区的水体混合扩散测量实验任务,建立了实验观测方法。本文还介绍了该系统的构造、现场测量实验数据和应用 相似文献
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拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力与控制性能研究述评 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
综述了拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力学研究的最新进展。对拖曳缆绳、拖曳体以及将两者耦合起来所构成的整个系统水动力及控制理论进行述评,分析了各种理论的优缺点从中简要地描述了拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力研究的发展概要。 相似文献
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法向承力锚(VLA)--一种适用于深海工程的新型系泊基础 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
深水系泊基础是深水系泊系统的重要组成,随着海洋油气资源开发的加速发展,深水系泊系统的关键技术成为国际海洋油气资源开发的重要研究领域.法向承力锚（VLA）是一种崭新的适用于深海油气资源开发的系泊基础形式,论文对其应用、性能特点、工作原理、安装与回收以及计算分析方法等进行了全面介绍,以期对科研人员进一步认识深水系泊系统的关键技术有所帮助,并对国内深水系泊系统的研发起到一定的借鉴作用. 相似文献
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法向承力锚是一种新型的适用于深海工程的系泊基础,其极限抗拔力是锚在工程应用中的关键指标。尝试用两种不同的方法评估法向承力锚的极限抗拔力,其一是基于塑性上限分析理论;其二是运用非线性有限元数值方法。与已有的经验公式相比,所建立的计算模型不仅可考虑海床土性质,还能反映锚板定位(嵌入深度及角度)以及系缆力角度对锚极限抗拔力的影响。在与已有评估方法进行比较的基础上,还特别对锚板的嵌入深度、角度以及系缆力角度变化对极限抗拔力的影响规律进行了分析,对三种方法的适用性进行了评述。 相似文献
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Positioning drag anchors in seabed soils are strongly influenced not only by the properties of the anchor and soil,but also by the characteristics of the installation line.The investigation on the previous prediction methods related to anchor positioning demonstrates that the prediction of the anchor position during dragging has inevitably introduced some key and unsubstantiated hypotheses and the applicability of these methods is limited.In the present study,the interactional system between the drag anchor and installation line is firstly introduced for the analysis of anchor positioning.Based on the two mechanical models for embedded lines and drag anchors,the positioning equations for drag anchors have been derived both for cohesive and noncohesive soils.Since the drag angle at the shackle is the most important parameter in the positioning equations,a novel analytical method that can predict both the variation and the exact value of the drag angle at the shackle is proposed.The analytical method for positioning drag anchors which combines the interactional system between the drag anchor and the installation line has provided a reasonable theoretic approach to investigate the anchor behaviors in soils.By comparing with the model flume experiments,the sensitivity,effectiveness and veracity of the positioning method are well verified. 相似文献
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This paper examines the effectiveness of horizontal line arrays (HLAs) for matched-field inversion (MFI) by quantifying geoacoustic information content for a variety of experiment and array factors, including array length and number of sensors, source range and bearing, source-frequency content, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Emphasis is on bottom-moored arrays, while towed arrays are also considered, and a comparison with vertical line array (VLA) performance is made. The geoacoustic information content is quantified in terms of marginal posterior probability distributions (PPDs) for model parameters estimated using a fast Gibbs sampler approach to Bayesian inversion. This produces an absolute, quantitative estimate of the geoacoustic parameter uncertainties which can be directly compared for various experiment and array factors. 相似文献
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B. M. Das 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):417-428
Laboratory model test results for the uplift of a shallow circular plate anchor embedded in a soft saturated clay are presented. For all tests the bottom of the anchor plate was vented to eliminate the mud suction force. The tests were divided into two categories: (1) short‐term tests to determine the variation of the net ultimate uplift capacity and hence the breakout factor with embedment ratio, and (2) creep tests with sustained uplift loads at varying embedment ratios. Based on the model test results, the variation with time, has been determined for the rate of strain of the soil located above the plate anchor. Empirical relationships for obtaining the rate of anchor uplift have been proposed. 相似文献
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动力定位系统（ＤＰＳ）是开发深海的一种较为有效的海上开发系统。由于ＤＰＳ是一个较为复杂的系统,在进行模型试验时,每个Ｚ型螺旋桨都设有计算机芯片以及遥控装置,用以接收ＰＩＤ系统发出的指令,为模型试验的模拟也带来了一定困难。本文讨论了动力定位系统的数学模型,模型试验中推力的分配及控制方程和试验中的一些要求。 相似文献
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Conventional methods for modal beamforming of underwater acoustic signals using a vertical-line hydrophone array (VLA) can suffer significant degradation in resolution when the array is geometrically deficient, i.e., consists of sparsely spaced elements and spans the water column partially or is poorly navigated. Designed for estimating the coefficients of the normal modes, these conventional methods include the direct projection (DP) of the data on the calculated mode shapes and least-squares (LS) fitting of the mode sum to the data. The degradation, in the form of modal cross talk or sidelobes, is a result of an undersampling in depth. This cross talk may be mitigated with the application of proper space-time filter constraints in the case of a pulse transmission. In this paper, a generalized least-squares (GLS) mode beamformer, capable of incorporating physical space-time constraints on the propagation of sound, is presented. The formulation is based on the well-known theorem of Gauss and Markov. Initialized by a model prediction of the basic arrival structure of the normal modes and incorporating, iteratively, refined estimates of the statistics of the modal fluctuations, this GLS technique strives to boost the resolution of a geometrically deficient VLA. The improvement is demonstrated using the VLA data collected during a shallow-water tomography experiment in the Barents Sea. The superiority of the GLS method over the conventional DP and LS methods is evident, providing a high-quality time series of modal arrivals as a function of geophysical time, which, in turn, reveals the dominant time scales of the oceanic processes associated with the Barents Sea Polar Front 相似文献
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Matched-field inversion is used to, estimate geoacoustic properties from data obtained in an experiment with a vertical line array (VLA). The experiment was carried out using broad-band sources (shots) in water depths of about 200 m on the continental shelf off Vancouver Island. The data were processed to obtain spectral components of the field for frequencies near the bubble frequency for the shot. The ocean bottom in this region consists of a layer of mainly sandy sediments (about 100 m thick) overlying older consolidated material. Consequently, the inversion was designed to estimate the parameters of a two-layer elastic sediment model. In the inversion, an adaptive global search algorithm was used to investigate the multidimensional space of geoacoustic models in order to determine the set of values corresponding to the best replica field. Convergence is driven by adaptively guiding the search to regions of the parameter space associated with above-average values of the matched field correlation between the measured and replica fields. The geoacoustic profile estimated by the inversion consisted of a 125-m layer with compressional speed ~1700 m/s and shear speed ~400 m/s, overlying a layer with compressional speed ~1900 m/s. This model is consistent with the results from conventional seismic experiments carried out in the same region 相似文献
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The penetration behavior and trajectory of the drag anchor in seabed soils are not only determined by properties of the anchor and soil, but also controlled by the installation line especially the segment embedded in the soil. Correctly understanding and describing reverse catenary properties of the embedded line are crucial for improving the drag embedment performance, precisely predicting the anchor trajectory, and solving the positioning problem in offshore applications. The investigation on reverse catenary problems demonstrates that, the reverse catenary shape of the embedded line has to be solved almost through numerical incremental methods. In the present study, based on the mechanical model for the embedded line, the relationship between the tension and geometry of the embedded line, and the interactional equation between the anchor and embedded line are derived. By introducing the concept of the initial embedment depth of the installation line, the reverse catenary equation and the expression for calculating the length of the embedded line are obtained for soils with a linear strength, and the position of the embedment point can be reasonably solved through the derived reverse catenary equation. The reverse catenary equation is then introduced into the kinematic model for drag anchors, which combines the drag anchor, the installation line and the movement of the anchor handling vessel being an interactional system. More information related to the drag embedment problem can be definitely gained through the present work, including not only the anchor behaviors such as the trajectory, penetration direction and ultimate embedment depth, but also the properties of the installation line for both the embedded and horizontal segments. By comparing with drum centrifuge tests and model flume experiments, the efficiency of the theoretical method for predicting the anchor trajectory is well verified. 相似文献