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1.
莱州湾E孔中更新世末期以来的地球化学特征 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
对1994年在莱州湾沿岸所取的E孔(37°07'N,118°55'E,孔深为821m)岩心进行了地球化学研究.用等离子光谱法测量了9个常量元素、15个微量元素和碳酸钙的含量.结果表明,(1)E孔大部分常量元素、微量元素含量、尤其元素特征比值(Mn/Fe,Sr/Ba,Sr/Ca,Ti/Al)在地层分界处都有明显变化,可作为该区第四纪地层划分的重要指标;(2)常量元素含量变化主要受宿主矿物控制,主要反映物质来源,同时也反映沉积作用和沉积环境,Fe,Al,Ca,Mg,Mn,Ti对物源和环境反映较为敏感;(3)微量元素在中更新世末期、最后间冰期、最后冰期和全新世四个不同沉积时期分布特征不同,尤其在气候“冷期”和“暖期”有不同分布规律;大多数微量元素含量变化旋回曲线之“波谷”对应着沙层沉积,有6个沙层代表“暖期”沉积,1个沙层代表“冷期”沉积;(4)E孔在冰期低海面时期风成粉砂沉积中碳酸钙含量偏高,间冰期时海侵沙层中碳酸钙的含量偏低,碳酸钙含量变化与粒度和沉积物类型有关,对气候、环境和地层划分有良好的指示. 相似文献
2.
南海东北部下陆坡20 ka以来稀土元素沉积地球化学特征变化及其对物源的指示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文通过对南海东北部STD235沉积柱状样品稀土元素（REE）分布模式及特征参数的分析，结合主量元素分析结果，探讨了STD235柱状样沉积物REE指示的物质来源及其纵向变化与环境之间的关系。研究结果表明:20 ka以来STD235站位的沉积物具有基本相同的物质来源，以陆源物质输入为主。通过与周边河流沉积物的对比分析发现，STD235柱状样沉积物REE上地壳标准化的配分模式及其特征参数分布与台湾东南部河流沉积物具有密切的亲缘关系，表明该站位陆源物质主要来源于台湾东南部河流输入，进一步的分析表明台西南河流沉积物对该站位也有所贡献，沉积物的搬运过程主要受到了北太平洋深海流及黑潮的影响。沉积物中REE和主量元素的纵向变化指示20 ka以来南海东北部下陆坡的沉积物源区在冰期时风化作用较弱，间冰期则相对增强。该变化与沉积物源区的气候环境变化有关，指示了20 ka以来台湾地区气候由相对冷干向暖湿转变，由此推测20 ka以来台湾岛和华南地区应该受相同环境因素的制约，东亚季风系统是控制该区域环境变化的主因。此外，在约16~13 ka BP的末次冰消期期间，STD235柱状样沉积物中的各项指标都发生了显著的变化，并都指示了风化作用的逐渐增强，代表了该阶段沉积物源区逐渐向暖湿的气候环境转变。 相似文献
3.
为了解南海北部末次间冰期以来的沉积环境演化,分析了西沙海槽83PC柱状沉积物的浮游有孔虫氧碳同位素、碳酸钙、有机碳和粒度组成。浮游有孔虫的δ18 O值具有冰期-间冰期旋回特征,记录了海平面的升降和古气候的变化,而海平面变化控制了沉积物的碳酸钙和有机碳含量。冰期,海平面下降,陆源物质输入增多,带来了大量的碎屑物质和陆源有机质,沉积物具有低碳酸钙含量和高有机碳含量;间冰期,海平面上升,陆源物质输入减少,碎屑物质的稀释作用减弱,沉积物具有高碳酸钙含量和低有机碳含量。南海北部83PC柱状沉积物记录了末次间冰期以来的多次海平面升降旋回,还记录了气候变冷事件以及低碳酸钙沉积事件,其中,150、510、660和740cm处的低碳酸钙含量和相对重δ18 O值记录了全球性气候变冷事件,而冰后期的低碳酸钙沉积事件,则主要反映了季风降雨的增强,出现了洪水高发期,陆源碎屑物质对碳酸钙沉积的稀释作用明显增强。 相似文献
4.
Ba and Ti in a sediment core (10 m long) from the Okhotsk Sea, covering the last 120 kyrs, were measured. The authigenic Ba
(Baex) contents were calculated and compared with the opal. The correlation coefficient between Baex and opal was quite small (r = 0.34), but it greatly grew larger (r = 0.90), if the Baex contents were multiplied by a simple function increasing with depth, except for two intervals. This may be due to the gradual
change in the sedimentation environment during the glacial ages. One of the exceptional interval is found at 60–170 cm in
depth, corresponding to 10–17 calendar kyr ago, the last termination period of glacial ages, where the Baex began to increase prior to opal. Since the calcium carbonate contents similarly increased prior to the opal increase, the
Baex may be also related to calcareous organisms besides siliceous ones. The other is the last interglacial period around 120
kyr ago when the opal contents were high, but those of the Baex were not increased. This can be explained, if the Baex was reduced to sulfide and dissolved away in a strongly anoxic environment during the biologically productive period. During
the glacial ages, the mass accumulation rate (MAR) of lithogenic Ti was about twice the amount of that during the interglacial
ages. For opal, however, the contrast between the glacial and interglacial ages was more remarkable in its MAR than in its
concentration in sediments, due to the larger variation in the bulk sedimentation rates.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
于1986—1989年,为探讨全球气候与环境变化的湖泊响应,选择了季风带边缘的青海湖和岱海开展了湖泊碳酸盐化学沉积与气候环境关系的分析研究。发现青海湖近500年来碳酸盐沉积减弱段与小冰期的冷湿气候背景一致;岱海晚更新世以来碳酸盐沉积增强段与冰期的干冷气候吻合。还从内陆湖泊的有效湿度与碳酸盐化学沉积的关系和碳酸盐含量的垂向变化规律,对两区域气候与环境的演化过程、特点和规律进行了分析。 相似文献
6.
Of the diatoms from sediments of the South China Sea, mainly composed of planktonic species of tropical and subtropical zones, 36 genera and 86 species are identified. Based on the changes in diatom numbers and the appearance of diatom assemblages, six diatom zones are distinguished in Core V, reflecting six phases of paleoclimatc, paleo-watertemperature and paleogeography. According to the Quaternary climatic division, these zones represent hot weather and warm weather as a whole, and they are separately equal to postglacial period, the Holocene; Wurm glacial period; Riss-Wurm interglacial period; and Riss glacial period, the Late Pleistocene. 相似文献
7.
长江南京段末次盛冰期以来的古河谷沉积 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
末次冰期盛冰期海平面大幅度下降,长江发育古深槽。根据沉积物的颗粒状况,南京段古河谷的充填可以分为3期明显的由粗到细的沉积韵律:末次盛冰期深切古河谷,河床窄陡,沉积物颗粒粗,为卵砾石到中砂、粗砂;冰后期河床较宽,沉积物为砾石、粗砂到中砂、细砂;全新世,河流进一步展宽,沉积物为粗砂、中砂到细砂、粉砂,细砂沉积厚度很大。全新世中期河床有数次左右摆动,两侧形成了细砂—砂质黏土互层的沉积。根据不同时期沉积物的颗粒级配情况,推算出各时期河流的起动流速和平均流速,验证不同时期的沉积环境,认为剖面的深切河槽是局部深切的结果。各期河床形态和沉积物的特征,反映了末次盛冰期、冰后期、全新世的气候变化和环境演变。 相似文献
8.
山东半岛东部海域表层沉积物元素组成及物源指示意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对山东半岛东部海域表层沉积物常量、微量元素、有机碳(TOC)以及碳酸盐(CaCO3)等指标的分析,研究了该海域表层沉积物元素组成特征及其控制因素,并对物质来源进行了探讨。结果表明,山东半岛东部海域表层沉积物元素的平均组成与上陆壳(UCC)相比Al,K,Na,Mg,Fe,Ca,Cu和Zn等元素,相对较低,而Mn,Co,Ni,Cr以及REE元素含量较高,Si和Ti与UCC的含量相当。研究区砂粒级沉积物轻重稀土分异明显,(La/Yb)N值与韩国河流的非常相近;其余粒级沉积物LREE分异较弱,标准化曲线与黄河沉积物的具有相似性。研究区沉积物的元素含量主要受控于源岩组成,存在明显的"粒级效应"。除此之外,Fe-Mn氧化物、生物碳酸盐等因素对元素组成产生一定影响。沉积物物源判别结果显示,山东半岛近岸及其东南部沉积物主要来源于黄河,该区域沉积物分布受山东半岛沿岸流及近岸潮流影响。研究区东北部为残留砂,其沉积物元素组成特征与朝鲜半岛和鸭绿江沉积物组成相近,表明研究区东北部砂质区沉积物代末次冰期低海平面时可能由朝鲜半岛或鸭绿江供应。 相似文献
9.
辽东湾北部晚更新世中期以来的地层结构及环境演化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
晚更新世中期以来，辽东湾是一个在海侵一海退旋回中连续接受沉积的沉降盆地。在对岩心和高分辨率地层剖面记录分析的基础上，得到了本地区的地层结构和地震反射资料。从海底往下120．4m的岩芯可划分为16个沉积层，沉积物以粗粒物质为主。根据地震反射资料，本区地层可分为6个地震单元，分别属于3个海相层和3个陆相层。与Bcl孔相同，研究区沉积地层与冰期旋回具有明显的对应关系，冰期时形成陆相地层，间冰期时形成海相地层。冰期时河流作用较为发育。并且绝大多数河流沉积被风力作用所改造。 相似文献
10.
Ho Il Yoon Kyu-Cheul Yoo Young-Suk Bak Yong Il Lee Jae Il Lee 《Geo-Marine Letters》2009,29(5):309-320
A deep-sea sediment core (GC98-06) from the southernmost Drake Passage, West Antarctica, shows late Quaternary depositional
environments distinctly different from sedimentary drifts commonly found along the southwestern Pacific margin of the Drake
Passage. The chronology of the core has been inferred using geochemical tracers of paleoproductivity and diatom biostratigraphy,
and represents the paleoceanographic conditions in a continental rise setting during the last 150,000 years. Three dominant
sediment types associated with distinct sedimentary processes have been identified using textural/compositional analyses:
(1) hemipelagic mud (interglacial sediments) deposited from pelagic settling of bioclasts, meltwater plumes, and ice-rafted
detritus; (2) terrigenous mud (glacial sediments) delivered by turbid meltwater plumes; and (3) massive muds marking the boundaries
from interglacial to glacial periods. The succession of the sedimentary facies in core GC98-06 is interpreted to reflect temporal
changes in environmental conditions prevailing on the continental rise of the southern Drake Passage in the course of successive
climatic stages over the last 150 ka: from the bottom upward, these are glacial, interglacial, glaciation, glacial, and interglacial
episodes. Variability in sediment flux and diatom abundance seem to have been related to changes in glacial advance, sea-ice
extent, and specific sedimentary environments, collectively influenced by mid- to late Quaternary climatic changes. 相似文献
11.
对取自热带西太平洋暖池核心区的WP7岩心进行了底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石研究。在利用氧同位素曲线对比和AMS14C测年数据进行地层划分的基础上,依据底栖有孔虫和钙质超微化石指标,分析了距今近250ka以来区域生产力和上层海水结构的演变特征,探讨了其控制因素和所指示的古海洋学意义。计算结果显示WP7岩心所在的暖池核心区约在距今250ka以来初级生产力在冰期(MIS6期、4期和2期)高,在间冰期(MIS7期、5期、3期和1期)低,表明该区古生产力在长的轨道时间尺度上受北半球高纬度冰量变动的影响。钙质超微化石下透光带属种Flori-sphaera profunda百分含量指示的温跃层深度变化表明冰期温跃层浅、间冰期温跃层加深,这说明类ENSO式变化导致的冰期—间冰期温跃层深度波动可能是MIS7期以来暖池核心区古生产力在冰期高而在间冰期显著降低的直接控制因素。 相似文献
12.
Geochemical changes of the terrigenous sediments in the southern South China Sea and their paleoenvironmental implications during the last 31 ky 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shuqing Fu Zhaoyu Zhu Tingping Ouyang Yan Qiu Zhenquan Wei 《Journal of Oceanography》2011,67(3):337-346
Fifty-six subsamples of the 86GC core were collected from the southern South China Sea continental slope. Major and trace
elements, including rare earth elements (REEs), of detrital matters in these sediments were measured. The patterns of chondrite
normalized REEs and the discrimination plots based on major and trace elements, respectively, indicate that the terrigenous
sediments around this area had been supplied with one dominating provenience during the last 31 ky. The co-operation of sea
level changes with the East Asian winter monsoon-related rainfall and sea water circulations should be the main mechanism
causing the geochemical characteristics variations. Higher ratios of Al/Ti and some other elements to Ti, except P/Ti and
Mn/Ti, are present during the last glacial sea-level low stand and the winter monsoon periods owing to increased fluvial input
of material with low Ti content from the Mekong River, followed by strengthened chemical weathering intensity, causing higher
Al2O3 and most other elements contents. The elemental patterns imply general warm and very humid climate in the tropical areas
during the last glacial times; however, the climate since the last deglaciation was very changeable, especially during the
Holocene. Even so, it can still be certain that the climate during the early part (29–24 ky B.P.) of the last glacial maximum
was much worse than during other stages. Additionally, it is very likely that the 8 k cold event and the Younger Dryas event
have been impressed in the geochemical record of this core. 相似文献
13.
利用南海东北部上陆坡处所取的D孔(21°23′02″N,116°47′13″E,水深405m)进行硅藻分析,结合粒度分析与碎屑矿物分析结果,探讨该海域末次冰期以来沉积环境演变过程。结果表明:粒度与硅藻分析结果较为吻合,共同显示D孔可分为上下两层,上层(0-2cm)的砂质沉积层为经冰后期海进过程改造的晚更新世残留沉积层;下层(2-130cm)主要是末次冰期形成的浅海沉积。整个柱样可反映出海洋同位素MIS4期海退至MIS3期海进与MIS2期海退至冰后期海进的沉积韵律。 相似文献
14.
Sea surface temperature variations in the southwestern South China Sea over the past 160 ka 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the southwestern South China Sea have been reconstructed for the past 160 ka using the Uk37 paleothermometer from the core MD01-2392. The temperature differences between glacial times (MISs 6 and 2) and interglacial times (MISs 5.5 and 1) are 2.2~2.5 ℃. Younger Dryas event during the last deglaciation was documented in both the planktonic foraminiferal δ18O and SST records. After MIS 5.5, SSTs displayed a progressive cooling from 28.6 to 24.5 ℃, culminating at the LGM. During this gradual cooling period, warm events such as MISs 5.3, 5.1 and 3 were also clearly documented. By comparison of SST between the study core and Core 17954, a pattern of low or no meridional SST gradients during the interglacial periods and high meridional SST gradients during the glacial periods was exhibited. This pattern indicates the much stronger East Asian winter monsoon at the glacial than at the interglacial periods. Spectral analysis gives two prominent cycles: 41 and 23 ka, with the former more pronounced, suggesting that SSTs in the southern SCS varied in concert with high-latitude processes through the connection of East Asian winter monsoon. 相似文献
15.
Detailed sedimentological, geochemical and isotopic analyses were carried out on sediment samples from ODP Site 720A on the
Indus Fan, Arabian Sea. High values of calcium carbonate associated with low values of Al and Ti from 0 to 375 ka, and low
values of calcium carbonate along with high values of Al and Ti from 375 to 525 ka represent two distinct sedimentary sequences.
The sediments deposited from 525 to 375 ka correspond to a turbidite sequence, characterized by a high terrigenous input of
coarse-grained sediments composed mostly of sand and silt. The sediments deposited from 375 ka to the present day comprise
a pelagic sequence, consisting of pelagic material and clay. The major turbidity flow between 375 and 525 ka resulted in the
greatest development of the Indus Fan during the late Quaternary. Most of the active channels were buried by 375 ka, followed
by deposition of mainly pelagic sequences since then. Enrichment of an Indus-derived Himalayan clay mineral assemblage (illite
and chlorite) in both the turbiditic and pelagic sequences reveals that the source and supply of clay minerals to the Indus
Fan were the same during pre- and post-turbidite deposition. At ODP Site 720A, Al, Ti and terrigenous material do not show
any systematic changes with respect to glacial and interglacial periods, suggesting that sea-level changes are not directly
responsible for the terrigenous material supply to this site. Rather, a major switch in distributary channels away from the
western margin of the Indus Fan is suggested. 相似文献
16.
冲绳海槽中部沉积物物质来源和沉积环境分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文基于AMS14C高精度测年,通过对柱状沉积物HOBAB2-S2的粒度、微量元素和稀土元素的分析,对冲绳海槽中部区5 300 a以来的物质来源和沉积环境进行了研究。通过对该孔的稀土元素与微量元素的研究发现研究区沉积物质具有陆源属性,并且通过不同物源区沉积物的稀土元素散点图表明5 300 a以来沉积物主要来自于台湾。文中将粒度特征作为研究区域沉积环境,尤其是水动力（黑潮）强弱的指示参数,根据粒度变化曲线,可将沉积过程分为4个阶段:第一阶段（5.30~3.81 ka BP）,粒径由粗变细,黑潮强度逐渐减小;第二阶段（3.81~2.70 ka BP）,粒径波动较大,无明显增大或减小趋势,表明沉积环境处于相对波动状态,水动力强弱不稳定;第三阶段（2.70~0.97 ka BP）,粒径变化较小,表明沉积环境处于相对稳定状态,研究区的水动力条件较稳定;第四阶段（从0.97 ka BP至今）,粒径逐渐变粗,水动力条件增强。 相似文献
17.
M. S. Barash T. A. Khusid A. G. Matul M. P. Chekhovskaya N. Biebow D. Nürnberg R. Tiedemann 《Oceanology》2008,48(1):105-113
Benthic foraminifera are investigated in sediment core LV28-34-2 (53°51.971′N, 146°47.499′E, sea depth 1431 m, core length 965 cm). The distribution of foraminifera is studied in coarse-grained (>0.125 mm) sediment fractions of 191 samples taken with a step of 5 cm. The core covers the interval from oxygen isotope stage (OIS) 6 up to the Holocene. The foraminiferal assemblages of the penultimate (OIS 6) and last (OIS 5d-2) glaciations are characterized by low abundances and prevalence of Uvigerina auberiana. The specific structure of the OIS 6 assemblages differs from the last glaciation ones by the mass presence of Cassidulina teretis, which characterizes low temperatures and a high influx of organic matter to the sea floor. The major factor responsible for the weak development of benthic foraminifers during the glacial time is the deficiency of food resources. The foraminiferal assemblage of the interglacial optimum (OIS 5e) is composed of both calcareous and agglutinated species (Martinottiella communis).The inflow of Pacific waters was probably more intensive, the bioproductivity was higher, and the critical carbonate compensation depth was shallower at that time than during the glaciations. During the deglaciation, the quantity and structure of the foraminiferal assemblages reflected two pulses of warming (terminations 1B and 1A) with an intervenient cooling event (Younger Dryassic). The assemblages of warm periods were characterized by exclusively high foraminiferal abundances, which sharply decreased during the Younger Dryassic cooling. The specific structure of the foraminiferal assemblage during deglaciation was relatively uniform, being composed of only calcareous taxa typical of highly productive areas of the ocean. The paleoenvironmental conditions were similar to the conditions of the interglacial optimum (OIS 5e), although the preservation of calcareous tests is better. In the Holocene sediments, the concentration of benthic foraminifera is substantially lower than during the deglaciation, which is explainable by their dilution in the sediments by diatoms; the composition of the foraminiferal assemblages is similar to that of their glacial counterparts. 相似文献
18.
We studied diatom assemblages and CaCO3 contents of methane-derived authigenic carbonates from the eastern margin of the Sea of Japan and assessed the formation time of these samples. Radioactive 14C date was determined in selected samples to obtain the maximum age of the time. The results of our study suggest mass formation of carbonate nodules in a glacial period within ∼40 ky, consistent with a published U/Th dating result of carbonate nodules in the study area. Diatom assemblages and contents in the carbonate nodules (abundance of ∼106/g, dominance of neritic-littoral species, warm/cold water species ratio lower than ∼25) differ from the near-seafloor sediments in the study area, which have characteristics of Holocene sediments in the Sea of Japan, and suggest cementation of glacial sediments. Laminated sediments in some nodule samples are glacial sediments because laminations are records of a low sea level period in the semi-enclosed ocean. Similarity of diatom assemblages and contents in all carbonate samples is another evidence of glacial sediments in nodules. Glacial sediments with oceanic cold water species as low as Holocene sediments restricts the sediment age to before 20 cal. ky BP. Carbonate contents higher than 78 wt% suggest the cementation of poorly compacted sediments near the seafloor, and the date of carbonate cementation is, therefore, close to that of the cemented sediments. Most carbonate nodule samples in this study were formed in a glacial period and detection of 14C restricts this period to within ∼40 ky. 相似文献
19.
Sedimentological and faunal records from the transitional period marking the onset of widespread northern hemisphere glaciation have been investigated at Ocean Drilling Program Site 984. The late Pliocene interglacial sediments of the northeast Atlantic are carbonate rich and show evidence of vigorous bottom water circulation at intermediate water depths. Contrasting this, the late Pliocene glacial sediments are characterised by carbonate dissolution and slower bottom current velocities. Weak or “leaky” Norwegian Sea overflows, undersaturated with respect to carbonate, influenced this region during the late Pliocene glacials. The early Pleistocene pattern of intermediate water circulation appears to have changed radically in the northeast Atlantic. At this time, interglacial carbonate values and inferred bottom current velocities are low. This suggests slow-flowing, undersaturated Norwegian Sea water bathing the site. The overflow increased during the early Pleistocene interglacials as the exchange between the Atlantic and Norwegian-Greenland Seas improved. The most significant feature of the early Pleistocene glacials is the increase in inferred bottom current velocity. These changes reflect a switch in deep North Atlantic convection to shallower depths during glacial periods, possibly in a manner similar to the increasing contribution of glacial intermediate water to the North Atlantic during the late Pleistocene glacials. Our results suggest that the late Pleistocene climate variability of the North Atlantic is a pervasive feature of the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene record. 相似文献
20.
波弗特环流(Beaufort Gyre)是 决定北冰洋海冰运移方向和滞留时间的主要因素。依据沉积物的颜色旋回、Mn元素含量和有孔虫丰度,本文建立了阿尔法洋脊(Alpha Ridge)B85-D孔轨道尺度上的年龄框架,并深入分析了该孔晚第四纪以来冰筏碎屑(IRD>154 μm)含量、组分及其源区的变化特点。结果表明,350ka以来最显著的变化发生在末次冰期(MIS2~4期),期间沉积物中Ca元素和白云石含量都接近于零,大部分来自班克斯岛、维多利亚岛和麦肯齐地区的碳酸盐岩碎屑没有在阿尔法洋脊沉积;随着波弗特环流的消亡,搬运陆源碎屑的海冰很可能沿着北美海岸线直接进入了欧亚海盆。而在末次间冰期(MIS5期),波弗特环流却十分流畅,并将大量碳酸盐岩碎屑限制在美亚海盆内,导致阿尔法洋脊沉积物中Ca元素含量急剧升高,与之对应的白云石含量高达16.4%。通过类比可知,在MIS6期波弗特环流的状态可能与MIS2~4期相似,而在MIS8和MIS10这两大冰期,波弗特环流却类似于MIS5期。显然,波弗特环流的存在与否并不严格遵循“冰期-间冰期”旋回,这种变化很可能是风场强度和海冰浓度双重作用的结果。 相似文献