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本文简述了我国的水源状况,列举了世界上工业发达国家直接利用海水缓解淡水危机以及我国在海水直接利用方面的现状。扼要分析了将海水做工业冷却水的技术经济可行性以及在解决海水直接利用中的几个关键性问题。 相似文献
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海水可以用于工业生产。有许多国家在工业生产中直接使用了海水。美国许多沿海企业、电厂、石油和化工行业 ,自 60年代开始用海水淡化作为生产用水和直接用海水做冷却水。我国沿海有许多城市 ,特别是北方的大连、天津、青岛、潍坊、烟台、龙口和上海等地临海企业早已直接利用海 相似文献
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我国海水淡化和海水直接利用事业前景的分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文扼要介绍了国内外海水淡化，海水直接利用的概况。认为我国海水淡化和海水直接利用程度较低。这既有技术问题，也有资金问题，但更重要的是观念、认识和政策问题。文章最后认为，只要我们转变观念，提高认识，采取适当政策，鼓励技术攻关，我国海水利用事业本世纪打下良好基础，前景广阔。 相似文献
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海水资源综合利用及产业化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海水资源综合利用及产业化杨耀中（国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所）前言海水资源综合利用通常指：海水直接利用（利用海水代替淡水作工业用水及大量生活用水等）海水淡化、海水中化学资源的开发利用等。众所周知，水是人类赖以生存和发展的重要资源，随着经济发... 相似文献
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我国海水利用业发展现状与问题研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
介绍了我国及世界海水利用产业的发展现状，从海水淡化技术、海水冷却技术、海水脱硫技术、海水化学资源综合利用、海水热泵技术、海水灌溉技术等技术手段方面详细介绍了海水利用的相关技术，并分析了海水利用所面临的环境问题以及海水利用的展望。 相似文献
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解决山东水资源短缺的对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了山东省水资源现状和存在的主要问题，针对山东省水资源的严重短缺，提出了在传统用水、治水的基础上，实施人工增雨工程，直接利用海水和海水淡化与节约用水，建立节水型社会，调整水源结构，更新用水观念，开发新水源，综合用水，综合治水的路子，只有这样才能长久解决水危机。 相似文献
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厦门市海洋与渔业局采取四项措施发展海水综合利用技术研究：一根据国家发改委、国家海洋局和财政部联合发布的《海水利用专项规划》，开展海水利用的调查工作，结合该市的实际以及未来5～10年对水资源的需求，在全国沿海地市率先组织编制《厦门市海水综合利用专项规划》。 相似文献
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Essyllt Louarn Pascal Morin 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2011,58(9):932-942
This study of the mixing of Mediterranean Sea Water (MW) with the surrounding waters was made possible by the Semane 2002 cruise (Sortie des Eaux Meditérranéennes dans l'Atlantique Nord-Est) that took place in the Gulf of Cadiz in July 2002. Potential temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients and CFC data are used to describe the water masses present in the Gulf. In the southern part of the basin, a water mass characterised by low oxygen, high nutrient and low CFC concentrations occurs along the African continental slope. This water has been identified as the modified Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). It has been previously observed south of this section, at the latitude of the Canary Islands, as a northward flow between the African shelf and the islands. The modified AAIW found in the Gulf of Cadiz is situated at a density of 27.5 kg m−3. Above, at 27.3 kg m−3, the lower limb of the North Atlantic Central Water is observed as a salinity minimum. The modified AAIW enters the Gulf of Cadiz along the south-western part of the continental shelf. It flows cyclonically and exits north-westward. In the northern part of the gulf, due to the presence of the Mediterranean Undercurrent (MU), the AAIW flows off the coast. An optimum multiparameter analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of the AAIW on the MW northwest of the basin. We show that the AAIW is present in the lower core of the MU at a proportion of 12.9±8.2% and is absent in the upper core. 相似文献
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Ryuichiro Inoue Jiro Yoshida Yutaka Hiroe Kousei Komatsu Kiyoshi Kawasaki Ichiro Yasuda 《Journal of Oceanography》2003,59(2):211-224
The mixing processes in the Mixed Water Region (MWR) that lead to changes in the properties of North Pacific Intermediate
Water (NPIW) have been studied using observational data sets obtained in May–June 1998. Neutral surfaces, the equation of
water mass conversion rate on neutral surfaces and the equation of vertical velocity across neutral surfaces have been used
to distinguish dominant processes by assuming the horizontal scale to be the streamer scale (under 100 km). The possibility
of double diffusive convection is also discussed in relation to the density ratio. These results may be summarized as follows:
(1) the difference between the potential density surface and the neutral surface may rise to −0.04 kg/m3 around the source water of NPIW; (2) horizontal diffusion causes strong modifications of the source water of NPIW; (3) the
density range within which strong modification of the source water of NPIW occurs becomes dense from the northern part of
MWR near the Oyashio Front to the southern part near the Kuroshio Front, and to the eastern part. Our modeling of these processes
shows that cabbeling has effects on the density increment of the source water of NPIW in the northern and southern part of
MWR. Double diffusive convection has effects on the density increment of the source water of NPIW, mainly in the northern
part of MWR. The possible density increment due to cabbeling in these areas is estimated to be 0.01≈0.03 kg/m3. The possible density increment due to double diffusive convection is 0.01≈0.03 kg/m3. The total density increment due to cabbeling and double diffusive convection amounts to 0.06 kg/m3.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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在流星分析和ｔ－Ｓ点聚分析的基础上，在台湾东北部ＩＳ断面和东海中部ＰＮ断面上选取适当的纵剖面作为分界面，将以面分成东、西两侧，计算了界面两侧的海水交换星。结果表明：１．东海陆架区海水交换可归纳为两种类型，即“穿插型”和“进退型”。２．参与分界面处海水交换总量的年平均是夏季最大，春、秋季次之，冬季最小。黑潮水向陆架区输运量为０．５８×１０６ｍ３／ｓ，陆架水向黑潮刚输运量为０．８４×１０６ｍ３／ｓ；参与交换的总量为１．４２×１０６ｍ３／ｓ．３．相对输运量计算结果表明；黑潮水对陆架区水文状况的影响是冬季最强，秋、春季次之，夏季最弱，而陆架水对黑潮区水文状况的影响是夏季最大，秋季次之，春季和冬季最小。 相似文献
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文章根据岙山监测浮标周边海域2015年9-12月水质调查资料,采用水质有机污染指数(A)、富营养化指数(E)和营养状态质量指数(NQI)等进行评价。结果表明:岙山监测浮标周边海域水质化学需氧量(COD)、溶解氧(DO)、油类(oils)符合二类海水水质标准,无机磷(DIP)和无机氮(DIN)含量均超过二类海水水质标准,DIP最高为0.048mg/L,DIN最高为0.753mg/L,总磷(TP)各月平均含量范围0.098~0.185mg/L,总氮(TN)各月平均含量范围0.650~0.818mg/L,叶绿素a(Chl a)含量基本稳定,DIN是主要的超标污染因子;富营养化评价结果显示,岙山监测浮标周边海域水质富营养程度严重,E值最高达9.10,NQI值最高为4.58;有机污染评价结果表明,岙山监测浮标周边海域水质总体处于轻度污染状态,A值最小为10月的1.90,最大为12月的2.73;使用A值、E值和NQI值方法同时对岙山监测浮标周边海域进行评价,其结果变化的一致性较好。 相似文献
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Data from seven moorings deployed across the East Greenland shelfbreak and slope 280 km downstream of Denmark Strait are used to investigate the characteristics and dynamics of Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) cyclones. On average, a cyclone passes the mooring array every other day near the 900 m isobath, dominating the variability of the boundary current system. There is considerable variation in both the frequency and location of the cyclones on the slope, but no apparent seasonality. Using the year-long data set from September 2007 to October 2008, we construct a composite DSOW cyclone that reveals the average scales of the features. The composite cyclone consists of a lens of dense overflow water on the bottom, up to 300 m thick, with cyclonic flow above the lens. The azimuthal flow is intensified in the middle and upper part of the water column and has the shape of a Gaussian eddy with a peak depth-mean speed of 0.22 m/s at a radius of 7.8 km. The lens is advected by the mean flow of 0.27 m/s and self propagates at 0.45 m/s, consistent with the topographic Rossby wave speed and the Nof speed. The total translation velocity along the East Greenland slope is 0.72 m/s. The self-propagation speed exceeds the cyclonic swirl speed, indicating that the azimuthal flow cannot kinematically trap fluid in the water column above the lens. This implies that the dense water anomaly and the cyclonic swirl velocity are dynamically linked, in line with previous theory. Satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data are investigated to study the surface expression of the cyclones. Disturbances to the SST field are found to propagate less quickly than the in situ DSOW cyclones, raising the possibility that the propagation of the SST signatures is not directly associated with the cyclones. 相似文献
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近海污染/生态环境自动监测装置--水质监测浮标 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文介绍了863－818支持研究的最新成果“近海污染／生态环境自动监测技术（水质监测浮标）”的功能，特点及关键技术，它利用海水营养盐现场自动分析仪和水传感器，pH，溶解氧，温度，盐度）集成自动水质监浮标，主要应用于河口地带，排污口附近海域经洋增养殖区，自动完成数据采集，处理，存储及储输，实时，连续地为水质污染监测，海洋水产养殖提供服务，同时为海综合管理和海洋科学研究提供基础数据，该成果对于我国海洋环境立体监测网的建设具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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