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1.
考虑桩土作用独桩海洋平台横向振动特性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用动Winkler弹性地基梁模型模拟桩土问动力相互作用，并考虑了流体与桩问相互作用，通过组合成层土中、水中桩单元的刚度阵，推得了独桩海洋平台连续系统横向振动的动刚度阵及在波浪力作用下平台甲板处的频率响应函数，进而求得了在确定性波浪力及随机波浪力作用下桩身任意点的位移响应。最后，通过算例研究和分析了在随机波浪力作用下成层土参数、甲板上重量及冲刷淘深等因素对平台振动响应的影响。 相似文献
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独桩平台地震反应的TMD控制研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）对独桩平台的地震反应进行控制，按不考虑和考虑桩－土动力相互作用两种情况分别对受控结构的地震反应进行了分析。结果表明，在考虑了桩－土动力相互作用后，TMD的控制效果虽然比不考虑桩－土动力相互作用时有所下降，但是仍然可以有效地控制独桩平台的地震反应，因此TMD是一种同样适用于独桩平台地震反应控制的结构振动控制技术。 相似文献
3.
考虑群桩效应的海洋平台桩—土—结构共同工作研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考虑群桩效应的近海导管架平台的桩、土结构共同工作研究是一个很复杂的课题，要考虑很多因素。在平台结构的概念设计或初步设计中则可采用一些近似方法。本文根据目前国内外对群桩研究的成果，依据文克尔相互作用模型，提出了一个较方便实用的群桩效应计算方法，并建立了考虑群桩效应的桩—土—结构共同工作的计算模型，通过编制计算机程序得到实现，最后根据算例分析得到有关结论 相似文献
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斜顶桩驳岸结构是一种深水高桩码头接岸结构型式，驳岸结构后进行高回填将是一个复杂的被动桩与土相互作用的问题。采用平面有限元方法，分别建立了后支撑和前支撑斜顶桩驳岸结构的桩一土相互作用模型，桩基采用梁单元模拟，桩一土界面采用接触对进行模拟，进行了高回填施工过程的仿真分析。将承台侧向位移的数值计算结果与原型观测值进行了比较，吻合较好，并对桩身侧向位移、板桩前后土压力以及位移场进行了分析。结果表明：结构的变形随着施工过程进行而变化，承台最大侧向位移发生在施工过程中；不同驳岸结构的被动土压力分布相似，而主动土压力由于支撑桩的位置不同而有所差别；后支撑桩的桩身挠度相对较大。研究结论可为此类结构的设计及计算提供参考，也可为深水港结构型式的优化提供建议。 相似文献
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结合在钱塘江盐官河段对涌潮作用下桩式丁坝动力特性进行的现场测试,首次将有限差分法应用于求解桩式丁坝框架结构受涌潮瞬态荷载作用时的动力响应。其桩周土模型采用Winkler假定,应用有限差分法将桩式丁坝框架结构的各梁柱单元离散后联立起来,从而求得整个结构的动力响应。通过参数研究揭示了结构的形式、结构的刚度、土的剪切波速(即反映桩土相对刚度)对桩式丁坝框架结构横向振动的影响。通过与现场测试结果比较可知,理论计算值与实测值基本吻合,验证了该方法的精度和稳定性。该方法计算过程简单,克服了传统的静力法不能考虑结构的惯性力以及土的粘滞阻尼和动刚度的缺点,对工程实际具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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用于海洋平台的吸力式桩桶基础作为一种新型平台基础正逐渐成为人们研究的重点。为研究吸力式桩桶单桩基础的受力特性，对V-H（竖向—水平）联合荷载作用下的吸力式单桩基础桩土的承载特性进行了数值模拟，并将数值模拟的有限元解通过与API规范中对p-y曲线的计算方法进行对比来验证有限元模型的可行性，最后采用分级作用力的加载方式对其破坏包络曲线进行绘制，并推导出相应的函数表达式。研究表明，采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对吸力式桩桶进行数值模拟是可行的，随着对吸力式桩桶所施加V-H联合荷载的不断增大，吸力式桩桶所能体现的应力和弯矩极限值也在随之增大，其位移变化主要在施加荷载的区域附近，最后在联合荷载作用下所体现的极限承载状态，即包络曲线大致呈四分之一的椭圆形状。 相似文献
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水射流破坏桩内土塞辅助动力沉桩是一种有效处理土塞问题使桩达到标准贯入深度的辅助沉桩方法,而该项技术的关键是水射流对桩内土塞的破坏。借助理论分析、数值模拟和模型实验进行水射流破坏桩内土塞辅助动力沉桩研究。首先进行射流破坏土塞理论分析,定性地说明水射流破坏土塞能力与水射流压力、流量等参数有关;然后对不同形状喷嘴形成的射流的破坏土塞能力进行数值模拟,得到六种喷嘴射流作用下土塞内的最大、最小应力;再通过模型实验对有无射流辅助沉桩的沉桩锤击数进行对比,结果表明水射流辅助沉桩的锤击数少于无射流辅助沉桩的锤击数,说明水射流可用于辅助动力沉桩。最后设计出水射流破坏桩内土塞辅助动力沉桩工艺步骤。 相似文献
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为考虑桩土相互作用的高桩码头体系等效阻尼比,将地震作用下高桩码头的滞回耗能定义为各桩塑性铰耗能和桩-土相互作用耗能之和,桩-土相互作用耗能根据p-y曲线和Masing准则定义的滞回环确定,码头结构的塑性铰总耗能为各桩塑性铰耗能的总和,按照正弦激励下一个振动循环内高桩码头体系与相应单自由度体系粘滞耗能相等的原则,推导得到了高桩码头体系等效阻尼比计算公式,并对两个高桩码头进行了Pushover分析。分析表明,土体耗能对高桩码头体系阻尼贡献较大,根据码头各桩塑性铰出现顺序和转动情况计算码头的等效阻尼比更符合实际情况。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献