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1.
为研究南太平洋环流区底层海水可培养细菌的多样性,通过IODP 329航次获得了该区域7个站点的底层海水样品,利用传统的分离培养法获得菌株后,进行16SrDNA测序及系统发生分析。结果表明,从南太平洋环流区7个站点的底层水中分离出174株深海细菌,这些菌株属于4个门,30个属,78个种。其中γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)有143株,在数量和种类方面均占主导地位;α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)7株,β-变形菌纲(β-Proteobacteria)2株,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)11株,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)6株,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)5株。优势属有假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、交替单胞菌属(Alteromonas)、弧菌属(Vibrio)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)等10个属;优势种有居珊瑚假交替单胞杆菌(Pseudoalteromonas paragorgicola)、子午盐单胞菌(Halomonas meridiana)、坎氏弧菌(Vibrio campbellii)、西班牙交替单胞菌(Alteromonas hispanica)、河豚毒素假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis)、琼氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter junii)等12个。在7个站点中,位于环流边缘的U1371站点分离出的菌株数量明显多于其他站点,且是7个站点中唯一1个包含了分离出的所有6个门类的站点,多样性最高;而U1369和U1370站点都只分离出γ-变形菌纲1个门类。此外,9株细菌可能为海洋细菌新属或新种。 相似文献
2.
山东半岛沿岸海域陆海相互作用强烈,有着复杂水动力环境的同时也是我国重要的渔业资源区和水产养殖区,针对其DO时空变化特征及影响机制的研究具有重要意义。本文基于2015—2017年期间的监测数据,研究了山东半岛东部近海海水溶解氧的时空变化特征,并结合实测的温度、盐度、pH数据探究其影响机制。结果表明：表、底层溶解氧的空间分布形态基本一致,水平上呈现出北高南低、外海高近岸低、湾内低于湾外的块状分布特点,垂向上表层高于底层。在监测期间内,溶解氧的季节变化规律为春季最高,夏季最低,具体表现为3月>5月>10月>8月,乳山湾等海湾处的季节波动较大;表底层溶解氧的年际变化略有不同,但均趋于稳定,靖海湾和五垒岛湾近海溶解氧的年际变化显著。表观耗氧量在整个研究阶段的均值为–0.33 mg/L,呈现出基本平衡状态,但乳山湾沿岸海域受到陆源输入有机物的显著影响,贫氧状况频发。监测期间,溶解氧与海水温度呈显著负相关,两者相关系数高达–0.95,其中成山头至石岛海域的溶解氧浓度高值区与当地的低温海水相对应;盐度对溶解氧的影响则相对较弱;有机污染物的聚集常造成乳山湾近岸海域的pH异常,其大量耗氧是导致当地为溶解氧浓度低值区的重要原因。 相似文献
3.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(10)
本文以PP为唯一碳源对青岛近海海水和沉积物样品中的微生物进行实验室富集培养,对不同富集时间的富集水样及微塑料附着细菌的群落结构进行分析并对富集40 d的PP附着细菌进行分离、鉴定及PP降解活性检测。通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序及分析,发现PP附着细菌出现明显的群落演替,群落多样性随富集时间的延长而增大。PP附着细菌在富集过程中,γ-变形菌纲假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)细菌占绝对优势,其次为α-变形菌纲扎瓦尔金氏菌属(Zavarzinia)及拟杆菌纲(Bacteroidia)细菌。富集培养获得的铜绿假单胞菌LXI681(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和反硝化无色杆菌LXI668(Achromobacter denitrificans)对PP具有降解活性。本研究为缓解PP微塑料污染提供了潜在的微生物菌种资源。 相似文献
4.
为研究近海扇贝养殖水域水质、细菌种群分布规律以及微生物群落多样性对环境因子的响应,2019年5月至10月采集了青岛市崂山湾青山村近海栉孔扇贝养殖水域不同站位的海水样本,通过高通量测序方法分析了不同月份海水样本微生物群落结构和多样性的差异,探讨了环境因子与微生物群落结构的相关性。结果表明:①检测到变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes)等 52 个 细 菌 门,115 个 纲,其 中 变 形 菌 门 为 优 势 菌 门,主 要 包 括 γ-Proteobacteria 和α-Proteobacteria纲;②2019年9月,养殖区水样中细菌多样性升高,弧菌多样性下降,且细菌细胞数量达到最高点,说明该 养 殖 区 存 在 爆 发 弧 菌 病 的 可 能 性;③RDA 冗 余 分 析 表 明,浊 度 (P =0.027)对 养 殖 密 区 细 菌 OUT(OperationalTaxonomicUnits)水平的物种组成和群落结构具有显著的影响,硝酸盐(P=0.017)、浊度(P=0.033)对养殖疏区 OTU 水平的物种组成和群落结构具有显著的影响;④不同区域细菌门水平环境因子相关性 Heatmap图分析表明,养殖活动会影响近海细菌群落结构与环境因子的作用程度,从而增加病害发生的可能性。本研究可为贝类疾病的防治及近海海域生态系统的健康发展提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
5.
青岛潮间带沉积物可培养厌氧细菌多样性的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了验证设计的简易厌氧培养方法,作者以青岛潮间带沉积物为研究对象,采用5种培养基,从青岛潮间带沉积物共分离获得138株厌氧细菌。16S r DNA序列分析表明,这些细菌分属3个门15个属32个种,其中γ-变形菌纲64株18个种,在种类上处于优势地位;此外还包括δ-变形菌纲(δ-Proteobacteria)16株2个种,ε-变形菌纲4株1个种,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)29株8个种,梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)25株3个种。在属水平上,弧菌属(Vibrio)、Marinifilum属、泥杆菌属(Ilyobacter)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella)在数量上占优势。此外,有26株8种细菌(占总菌株数的18.84%)与已知菌的同源性介于89.38%~94.22%,为潜在的海洋细菌新科或新属,表明此简易厌氧菌培养方法在获得新菌方面具有较大优势。另外,研究结果还表明,不同培养基对特定的类群具有选择性:2216E培养基对γ-变形菌纲分离培养效率较高;SPG培养基在获得新菌方面具有优势(占新菌数62.5%),且这些新菌大多属于拟杆菌门和梭杆菌门,其中SPG-1培养基对于分离硫酸盐还原菌和难培养的ε-变形菌纲细菌具有优势,SPG-4培养基对分离硝酸盐还原菌具有优势。 相似文献
6.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(6)
东太平洋结核区位于东北太平洋,在深海海底含有丰富的多金属结核,而微生物在多金属结核的形成过程中发挥着重要的作用。本研究通过DY29航次获得了该区域多个实验样品,包括结核、结核覆盖的沉积物、无结核覆盖的沉积物和底层海水,并对这些样品进行了细菌的分离培养和活性检测。结果表明,东太平洋结核区拥有丰富的微生物资源,共分离保藏细菌1 200株,其中402株细菌完成16SrRNA基因测序,分属于4个门,65个属和135个种。4个门分别为变形菌门(Proteobacteria,占81.59%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,占8.21%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,占8.21%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,占1.99%);优势属为盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、亚硫酸盐杆菌属(Sulfitobacter)等。两种沉积物样品中可培养放线菌门和厚壁菌门的细菌丰度较高,结核中分离得到的细菌包含较高比例的α-变形菌纲,4种样品类型中γ-变形菌纲的细菌均占最大比例。对结核样品分离得到的细菌进行酶学性质检测发现具有过氧化氢酶及酯酶(吐温20和吐温40)活性的菌株所占比例较高,并首次筛选出一些未报道的具有锰氧化能力的菌株。综合以上结果,东太平洋结核区不同样品的可培养细菌多样性较高,微生物资源丰富,而具有锰氧化能力菌株的分离鉴定对研究深海多金属结核的形成及深海矿产资源的开发都具有重要的意义。 相似文献
7.
本研究通过构建16S r DNA克隆文库,对东海陆架五个站点的沉积物样品进行群落结构及地理分布研究。结果表明:东海陆架沉积物细菌分属于13个类群,包括变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospira)、WS3、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、螺旋体门(Spirochaetes)、OP8、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetacia)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiae)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes),其中变形菌门(γ-变形菌纲、δ-变形菌纲)和绿弯菌门为优势菌群,Latescibacteria(WS3)、疣微菌门和芽单胞菌门分别是站点DH6、DH21和DH9的特有类群。五个站点细菌多样性从高到低排序依次为DH9DH21DH17DH6DH16,其群落结构和丰度与各站点不同沉积环境类型有关。 相似文献
8.
2007-10对山东南部近岸海域36个站位进行大型底栖动物的调查。样品共鉴定出大型底栖动物129种,其中多毛类69种、软体动物15种、甲壳类35种、棘皮动物3种,其它类群7种。研究海域内IRI指数排名前3位的是寡鳃齿吻沙蚕(Nephthys oligobranchia)、独指虫(Aricideasp.)和背蚓虫(Notomastus latericeus)。研究海域内大型底栖动物的总平均丰度为932.3个/m~2,总平均生物量为8.2g/m~2。其中丰度的高值区分布于青岛-黄岛海域,低值区分布于日照及乳山湾南部海域,生物量的高值区分布于乳山湾南部-鳌山湾海域,生物量低值区分布于日照-胶南海域。在38%相似度水平上,取样站位可被划分为5个群落。BIOENV分析和RELATE检验结果显示,水深和有机碳质量分数是影响大型底栖动物群落结构的主要因素。 相似文献
9.
本文研究了2008年7月黄海冷水团海域可培养细菌的多样性。AODC和DVC计数总菌数和活菌数分别为(1.3~4.8)×105/mL和(0.6~1.6)×105/mL;2216E平板以菌落计数法可培养细菌浓度为(0.56~2.2)×103cfu/mL。从分离到的475株中选取163株进行16S rDNA扩增,并用HhaⅠ酶进行ARDRA(扩增性rDNA限制酶切片段分析)多态性分析,取114株不同带型测序。结果显示,冷水团细菌归为4个细菌类群:变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Acti-nobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),共24个属,其中包括α-,β-,γ-变形菌纲;非冷水团细菌也归为这4个门类,共15个属,但未分离到β-变形菌纲。γ-变形菌纲在冷水团和非冷水团区域的不同深度都是优势菌群,不同的是冷水团区域α-变形菌纲比例较高(26.8%),而非冷水团区域α-变形菌纲比例相对较低(15.6%)。这表明黄海冷水团和非冷水团区域细菌多样性都很丰富,但其群落组成和优势菌群有所不同。此外,16S rDNA测序结果表明,6株细菌可能为海洋细菌新种。 相似文献
10.
荣成月湖是一个典型天然潟湖,潮间带沉积物中存在多种形态趋磁细菌。通过Roche454高通量测序平台,对沉积物样品(B_S)和磁收样品(B_M)进行16SrRNA基因高通量测序,认识荣成潮间带沉积物的细菌群落结构,并了解趋磁细菌多样性及系统进化地位。研究结果表明沉积物样品中主要的细菌类群为δ-变形菌纲,占总细菌数的26.4%,其次是γ-变形菌纲和α-变形菌纲;而磁收样品中细菌多样性和种类明显降低,以α-变形菌纲占绝对优势,相对比例达72.6%。在磁收样品和沉积物样品分别发现了1 612条和186条reads与趋磁细菌相关,分别占细菌总数的5.76%和0.85%,磁收样品中趋磁细菌数是沉积物样品的6.8倍。对两个样品中获得的趋磁细菌序列进行系统进化分析,发现这些序列多数属于变形菌门的α-变形菌纲,以趋磁球菌占绝对优势,少数属于δ-变形菌纲,与多细胞趋磁原核生物亲缘关系最近。海洋趋磁螺菌属仅在B_M样品中检出,趋磁弧菌属在B_M样品优势度高于B_S样品,而多细胞趋磁原核生物和趋磁螺菌属在B_S样品中优势度更高。通过分析样品间的差异OTUs,认为荣成潮间带沉积物中可能存在大量未知的趋磁细菌新类群。研究结果为下一步培养和开发趋磁细菌这一功能菌群,发现趋磁细菌新类群及趋磁细菌生态功能提供了基础资料。 相似文献
11.
In order to understand the diversity and distribution of the bacterial community in the coastal sediment of the Bohai Bay,China,high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16 S r RNA gene was used.Metagenomic DNA was extracted from the sediment samples,and was sequenced using a 454 GS FLX Titanium system.At 97%similarity,the sequences were assigned to 22 884 operational taxonomic units(OTUs) which belonged to 41 phyla,84 classes,268 genera and 789 species.At the different taxonomic levels,both the dominants and their distribution varied significantly among the six coastal sediments.Proteobacteria was the first dominant phylum across all the six coastal sediments,representing 57.52%,60.66%,45.10%,60.92%,56.63% and 56.59%,respectively.Bacteroidetes was the second dominant phylum at Stas S1,S2 and S4,while Chloroflexi was the second dominant phylum at Stas S3,S5 and S6.At class level,γ-Proteobacteria was the first dominant class at Stas S1,S2,S4 and S6,while δ-Proteobacteria became the first dominant class at Stas S3 and S5.In addition,a large proportion of unclassified representatives have distributed at the different taxonomic levels.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) results indicated that the sediment texture,water depth(D),dissolved oxygen(DO),total nitrogen(TN) and nine EPA priority control polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) including naphthalene,acenaphthylene,acenaphthene,fluorine,phenanthrene,fluoranthene,pyrene,benzo[a]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were the important factors in regulating the bacterial community composition.Those results are very important to further understand the roles of bacterial community in the coastal biogeochemical cycles. 相似文献
12.
宁波北仑港冬季浮游细菌多样性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用分子生物学方法对宁波北仑港冬季水体中的浮游细菌多样性进行了研究.提取水样中细菌基因组总DNA,以细菌16S rDNA通用引物进行PCR扩增,扩增产物经分子克隆、测序与序列分析,对水样中的细菌建立了16S rDNA克隆文库和系统发生树.结果表明,浮游细菌群落具有较高的多样性,34个克隆子分属2个不同的细菌类群,6个克隆子属于未知类群,优势细菌类群为Pro-teobacteria类群（变形菌类群）,占80%;细菌优势类群顺序为β-Proteobacteria类群（32.5%）、γ-Proteobacteria类群（25%）、α-Proteobacteria类群（15%）、ε-proteobacteria类群（7.5%）、Firmicutes类群（厚壁菌类群）（5%）.这一结果与近年来国内外有关港口微生物多样性的报道较为一致.用DNAStar中Clustalw程序从测序的40个克隆子中选出17个OTU进行系统发育分析,同样表明浮游细菌多样性较强. 相似文献
13.
A depth profile of bacterial community structure in one deep-sea sediment core of the western Pacific ＂warm pool＂ （WP） was investigated and compared with that in a sediment sample from the eastern Pacific （EP） by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA fragments. Five bacterial 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed, and 133 clones with different restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） patterns were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis of these sequences revealed that the bacterial diversity in a sample from the WP was more abundant than that in the EP sample. The bacterial population in the sediment core of WP was composed of eight major lineages of the domain bacteria. Among them the γ-Proteobacteria was the predominant and most diverse group in each section of WP sediment core, followed by the α-Proteobacteria. The genus Colwellia belonging to γ-Proteobacteria was predominant in this sample. The shift of bacterial communities among different sections of the WP sediment core was δ-, ε-Proteobacteria, and Cytopahga-Flexibacteria-Bacteroides （CFB） group. The ratios between them in the bacterial communities all showed inversely proportional to the depth of sediment. The sequences related to sulphate reducing bacteria （SRB） were detected in every section. The bacterial community structure in this sediment core might be related to the environmental characteristics of the surface seawater of the western Pacific WP. 相似文献
14.
南海北部海水中氨基酸的分布及其对溶解有机物降解行为的指示研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
于2015年6月对南海北部海区5个断面共26个站位海水中溶解态氨基酸（THAA）、溶解有机碳（DOC）和叶绿素a（Chl a）的浓度进行了科学调查。结果表明:夏季南海北部海水中THAA的浓度范围为0.40~1.95 μmol/L,平均值为（0.80±0.40） μmol/L,THAA的水平分布总体上体现出近岸高、远海低的特点,表明陆源输入对南海北部海域表层THAA分布有重要影响。THAA在断面上的垂直分布呈现出由近岸至远岸、由表层至底层逐渐降低的趋势。THAA浓度与两种D型氨基酸（D-谷氨酸:D-Glu和D-丙氨酸:D-Ala）含量之间存在显著负相关性,与天门冬氨酸/β-丙氨酸（Asp/β-Ala）和谷氨酸/γ-氨基丁酸（Glu/γ-Aba）比值之间存在显著正相关性,表明细菌的消耗是影响南海海水中THAA浓度的重要因素。D-Ala作为细菌肽聚糖中相对稳定的氨基酸,根据其占DOC的含量估算南海海水中的细菌源有机碳对DOC的贡献率为（29.32±14.32）%,其水平分布显示出近岸低、远岸高的特点;而其垂直分布则呈现出从表层至底层逐渐增加的趋势。THAA占DOC百分比（THAA-C%）的变化范围为1.02%~5.49%,平均值为（2.97±1.38）%。THAA-C%、活性因子和降解因子的高值均出现在珠江口外围区域。随着海水深度增加3种降解因子的数值均显著降低,这表明底层海水中有机物比表层海水中的有机物降解程度更大。 相似文献
15.
Mauro Celussi Bruno Cataletto Serena Fonda Umani Paola Del Negro 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(12):2193-2205
The identification of bacterial community structure has led, since the beginning of the 1990s, to the idea that bacterioplankton populations are stratified in the water column and that diverse lineages with mostly unknown phenotypes dominate marine microbial communities. The diversity of depth-related assemblages is also reflected in their patterns of activities, as bacteria affiliated to different groups can express different activities in a given ecosystem. We analysed bacterial assemblages (DGGE fingerprinting) and their activities (prokaryotic carbon production, protease, phosphatase, chitinase, beta-glucosidase and lipase activities) in two areas in the Ross Sea, differing mainly in their productivity regime: two stations are located in the Terra Nova Bay polynya area (highly productive during summer) and two close to Cape Adare (low phytoplankton biomass and activity). At every station a pronounced stratification of bacterial assemblages was identified, highlighting epipelagic communities differing substantially from the mesopelagic and the bathypelagic communities. Multivariate analysis suggested that pressure and indirectly light-affected variables (i.e. oxygen and fluorescence) had a great effect on the bacterial communities outcompeting the possible influences of temperature and dissolved organic carbon concentration. Generally activities decreased with depth even though a signal of the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) at one of the northern stations corresponded to an increase in some of the degradative activities, generating some ‘hot spots’ in the profile. We also found that similar assemblages express similar metabolic requirements reflected in analogous patterns of activity (similar degradative potential and leucine uptake rate). Furthermore, the presence of eukaryotic chloroplasts’ 16S rDNA in deep samples highlighted how in some cases the dense surface-water formation (in this case High Salinity Shelf Water—HSSW) and downwelling can affect, at least for some phylotypes, the bacterial (16S rDNA based) community structure of the dark ocean. 相似文献
16.
The settlement substrates of nona-porous abalones (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta) are covered with biofilms in which several types of microorganisms coexist and interact. These microorganisms are usually important causes of juvenile abalone disease as well as organisms useful in promoting abalones’ adhesion. The bacterial community structure of the biofilms remains unclear. The aim of this research was to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic affiliation of the biofilm bacteria. Total DNA of b... 相似文献
17.
18.
北极海洋沉积物细菌和古菌群落结构分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This study was to investigate bacterial and archaeal community structure of pan-Arctic Ocean sediments by pyrosequencing.In total,investigation of three marine sediments revealed 15 002 bacterial and 4 362 archaeal operational taxonomic units(OTUs) at the 97% similarity level.Analysis of community structure indicated that these three samples had high bacterial and archaeal diversity.The most relatively abundant bacterial group in Samples CC1 and R05 was Proteobacteria,while Firmicutes was dominant in Sample BL03.Thaumarchaeota was the most relatively abundant archaeal phylum in Samples CC1 and R05,and the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota was almost as high as that of Euryarchaeota in Sample BL03.These two phyla accounted for nearly 100% of the archaeal OTUs.δ-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria were the two most relatively abundant classes at Proteobacterial class level,and their relative abundance was more than 60% in Samples CC1 and R05.There were also differences in the top 10 relatively abundant bacterial and archaeal OTUs among the three samples at the 97% similarity,and only 12 core bacterial OTUs were detected.Overall,this study indicated that there were distinct microbial communities and many unique OTUs in these three samples. 相似文献
19.
The diversity, community composition and 16 S rRNA gene abundance of bacterioplankton along a transect across an upwelling area off the eastern coast of Hainan Island（the Qiongdong upwelling） were investigated in August of 2016 using high throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR assay of 16 S rRNA genes. Compared with the offshore stations, the inner-shelf stations had higher bacterial gene abundance（up to 3 fold） and operational taxonomic unit richness, a result of the influence of upwelled a... 相似文献
20.
东太平洋中国多金属结核区锰结核样品中微生物群落结构的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过非培养手段研究了东太平洋中国多金属结核区ES0303站点锰结核样品中的微生物群落结构.细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库的研究结果表明：结核内细菌种群结构复杂,微生物种类丰富且各种群丰度不一（61个OTUs）,其中变形杆菌类群为优势种群,占所有细菌克隆子比例的64%,且主要分布于β/γ-、α-和δ-等3类变形杆菌（Proteobacteria）亚群之中,占比分别为34%、18%和12%.此外还存在包括酸杆菌（Acidobacteria）,放线菌纲（Actinobacteria）,绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）,厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）,浮霉菌门（Planctomycetes）等在内的细菌类群的分布,克隆子比例依次为9%、7%、8%、2%和5%.古菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库的研究结果表明：古菌的群落结构单一（仅12个OTUs）,全部是由泉古菌海洋类群I（crenarchaeote marine group I,MGI）组成;其中MGI-η类群最为丰富,达到44%,而MGI-α、MGI-ζ和MGI-ε类群的克隆子比例分别为25%、18%和9%,另外还发现2个新的MGI分类类群.相关克隆子的数据库比对和系统发育树分析表明,并未发现已报道的直接参与铁锰氧化还原相关类群的存在,但它们大多数与来自多金属结核来源或深海来源的不可培养微生物具有较高的同源性.进一步的分析表明,锰结核内存在相当数量的氨氧化菌、硫酸盐还原菌、酸杆菌等能够改变pH值的细菌和古菌类群的存在,意味着它们可能在锰结核的形成过程中起到重要的作用. 相似文献