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海浪和潮汐风暴潮耦合过程的数值研究(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海浪和风暴潮是重要的海洋灾害。对它们的精确预测和预报对沿岸海洋灾害的风险评估及海洋工程的设计具有极其重要的社会和经济价值。过去人们大多对波浪和风暴潮单独进行预报。实际上,风既产生浪又产生风暴潮,因此它们的产生必然存在相互作用。本研究的目的就是要建立一个渤海高分辨率的双向耦合的海浪和潮汐风暴潮数值模式,研究各耦合机制的影响,以期为黄河三角洲沿岸风暴潮海浪漫堤、漫滩风险评估提供更为准确的海浪风暴潮预测预报结果。作者在研究中基于国际上先进的第三代海浪数值模式和潮汐风暴潮模式,建立了渤海2′×2′的海浪和潮汐风暴潮耦合数值模式。耦合模式充分考虑了三个主要耦合物理机制:依赖海浪状态的表面风应力,波-流相互作用底应力和辐射应力。波浪模式主要基于国际上第三代WAM模式,并对其进行了浅水效应的改进,以包括浅水深度破碎引起的能量耗散;潮汐风暴潮模式计算中开边界考虑了10个主要分潮K1,O1,P1,Q1,M2,S2,N2,K2,Sa,Ssa。依赖海浪状态的表面风应力取自Donelan等(1993)的结果,波-流相互作用底应力取自Signell等(1990)对GrantandMadsen(1979)简化的结果,辐射应力以海浪谱表示。耦合计算中,两个模式通过三个耦合机制双向传递所需参量。运用胜利油田中心一号观测的2个同步浪、潮、流资料对所建的耦合模式进行了检验,并通过耦合和非耦合模式结果的对比对各耦合机制的影响效应进行分析研究。研究结果表明,不同物理机制对波高的影响主要由能量方程中以辐射应力表示的波流相互作用所决定;在波-潮耦合作用中,依赖波令的表面风应力和辐射应力对水位是正效应,而波流相互作用底应力对水位是负效应。三个物理机制的综合净效应是正,可增加水位达25cm。比较显示,耦合模式的结果无论对波高还是水位都比非耦合模式的结果好,特别在峰值处。本研究显示耦合模式的结果将改进海浪和风暴潮的模拟精度。所建立的耦合模式将对渤海海浪和风暴潮预报精度的提高,以及为黄河三角洲近岸海浪和风暴潮灾害的风险评估,提供更可靠的参数,具有重要的价值。 相似文献
2.
海浪和潮汐风暴潮耦合过程的数值研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海浪和风暴潮是重要的海洋灾害。对它们的精确预测和预报对沿岸海洋灾害的风险评估及海洋工程的设计具有极其重要的社会和经济价值。过去人们本多对波浪和风暴潮单独进行预报。实际上，风既产生浪又产生风暴潮，因此它们的产生必然存在相互作用。本研究的目的就是要建立一个渤海高分辨率的双向耦合的海浪和潮汐风暴潮数值模式，研究各耦合机制的影响，以期为黄河三角洲沿岸风暴潮海浪漫堤、漫滩风险评估提供更为准确的海浪风暴潮预测预报结果。
作者在研究中基于国际上先进的第三代海浪数值模式和潮汐风暴潮模式，建立了渤海2''×2''的海浪和潮汐风暴潮耦合数值模式。耦合模式充分考虑了三个主要耦合物理机制：依赖海浪状态的表面风应力，波-流相互作用底应力和辐射应力。波浪模式主要基于国际上第三代WAM模式，并对其进行了浅水效应的改进，以包括浅水深度破碎引起的能量耗散；潮汐风暴潮模式计算中开边界考虑了10个主要分潮K1，O1，P1，Q1，M2，S2，N2，K2，Sa，Ssa。依赖海浪状态的表面风应力取自Donelan等(1993)的结果,波-流相互作用底应力取自Signell等(1990)对 Grant and Madsen(1979)简化的结果，辐射应力以海浪谱表示。耦合计算中，两个模式通过三个耦合机制双向传递所需参量。
运用胜利油田中心一号观测的2个同步浪、潮、流资料对所建的耦合模式进行了检验，并通过耦合和非耦合模式结果的对比对各耦合机制的影响效应进行分析研究。研究结果表明，不同物理机制对波高的影响主要由能量方程中以辐射应力表示的波流相互作用所决定；在波-潮耦合作用中，依赖波令的表面风应力和辐射应力对水位是正效应，而波流相互作用底应力对水位是负效应。三个物理机制的综合净效应是正，可增加水位达25cm。比较显示，耦合模式的结果无论对波高还是水位都比非耦合模式的结果好，特别在峰值处。
本研究显示耦合模式的结果将改进海浪和风暴潮的模拟精度。所建立的耦合模式将对渤海海浪和风暴潮预报精度的提高，以及为黄河三角洲近岸海浪和风暴潮灾害的风险评估，提供更可靠的参数，具有重要的价值。 相似文献
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联合第三代浅水海浪模式SWAN和三维海流模式POM,建立考虑海浪影响的三维风暴潮模式,利用该模式,在渤黄海区域,对温带气旋830315诱发的风暴潮进行数值模拟,从海表风应力、辐射应力、底应力三方面入手,对海浪对风暴潮的影响进行了数值研究.研究表明:海浪通过风应力对风暴潮水位的影响最为显著,而波致辐射应力与依赖波流相互作用的底应力的影响只在渤海和北黄海相对明显;考虑海浪影响的风暴潮水住过程曲线模拟结果,比不考虑海浪影响的纯风暴潮模拟结果与实测水位曲线吻合的更好,尤其是在减水极值处,其相对误差不超过5.57%. 相似文献
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联合第三代浅水海浪模式SWAN和三维海流模式POM,建立考虑海浪影响的三维风暴潮模式,利用该模式,在渤黄海区域,对温带气旋830315诱发的风暴潮进行数值模拟,从海表风应力、辐射应力、底应力三方面入手,对海浪对风暴潮的影响进行了数值研究.研究表明海浪通过风应力对风暴潮水位的影响最为显著,而波致辐射应力与依赖波流相互作用的底应力的影响只在渤海和北黄海相对明显;考虑海浪影响的风暴潮水住过程曲线模拟结果,比不考虑海浪影响的纯风暴潮模拟结果与实测水位曲线吻合的更好,尤其是在减水极值处,其相对误差不超过5.57%. 相似文献
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辐射应力在黄河三角洲近岸波浪和潮汐风暴潮相互作用中的影响 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
基于考虑辐射应力机制的近岸高分辨率的波浪和潮汐风暴潮相互作用耦合数值模式 ,研究了辐射应力在黄河三角洲胜利油田近岸海域波浪和潮汐风暴潮相互作用过程中对水位的影响 ,并与两个中等强度天气过程引发的实测水位过程进行比较。结果表明 ,考虑辐射应力机制的波浪和潮汐风暴潮相互作用耦合模式模拟的结果与实测更接近 ,特别在极值增水位处吻合很好。对本研究的中等强度天气过程 ,辐射应力可增水 40cm ,在黄河三角洲近岸区有 2 0cm以上最大增水区域 ,这在工程上非常重要。可以预见 ,对引发黄河三角洲沿岸强增水的台风及强寒潮过程 ,辐射应力对增水的影响会更明显。本研究结果表明 ,在实际工程应用中 ,应采用波浪和潮汐风暴潮相互作用耦合数值模式。 相似文献
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《海洋预报》2016,(5)
基于SWAN模式和MATLAB GUI软件建立了福建沿岸天文潮-风暴潮-台风浪耦合漫堤预警系统。该系统包含天文潮-风暴潮-台风浪耦合计算模式和海堤预警显示两部分:天文潮-风暴潮-海浪耦合水位计算采用自主研发的FETSWCM模式(Finite Element Tide-Storm Surge-Wave Coupled Model),台风浪计算采用SWAN模式(Simulation WAve Nearshore),耦合计算时FETSWCM为SWAN提供风场、水位场及流场,SWAN为FETSWCM提供波浪辐射应力;海堤预警显示基于MATLAB GUI软件交互界面,根据模式计算波浪爬高所及高程结果(天文潮-风暴潮耦合水位与波浪爬高的和)对福建沿岸海堤进行可视化预警报。使用该系统进行两场台风过程福建省沿岸的漫堤后报检验,结果表明:1312号台风过程7条海堤及1319号台风过程东山县8条海堤漫堤预警准确率为87%。 相似文献
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本文叙述利用风暴潮模式和斜压大气模式耦合进行温带风暴潮预报.应用边界层阻尼定律预报风暴潮模式所需的海面风应力.本文进行了渤海风暴潮的个例研究.预报结果清楚地显示了温带风暴潮的特性.一些个例研究指出,风暴潮模式和计算风应力方案是令人满意的,而风暴潮预报精度非常依赖于气象预报. 相似文献
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The effect of wave-induced radiation stress on storm surge during Typhoon Saomai (2006) 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
The effects of wave-induced radiation stress on storm surge were simulated during Typhoon Saomai using a wave-current coupled model based on ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System) ocean model and SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) wave model.The results show that radiation stress can cause both set-up and set-down in the storm surge.Wave-induced set-up near the coast can be explained by decreasing significant wave heights as the waves propagate shoreward in an approximately uniform direction;wave-induced set-down far from the coast can be explained by the waves propagating in an approximately uniform direction with increasing significant wave heights.The shoreward radiation stress is the essential reason for the wave-induced set-up along the coast.The occurrence of set-down can be also explained by the divergence of the radiation stress.The maximum wave-induced set-up occurs on the right side of the Typhoon path,whereas the maximum wave induced set-down occurs on the left side. 相似文献
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The interaction of waves and currents is studied by the dynamical coupling of a third generation wave model and a two-dimensional storm surge model. The coupling process of the two models is implemented synchronously. To estimate the effects of waves on the generation of storm surges, the theory of Janssen is used. The effects of the wave radiation stress on surge levels and the effects of storm-induced currents on waves are also investigated.The coupled wave and storm surge models have been tested by hindcasting two storm events in the northern South China Sea. The use of the Simth and Banke stress relation underestimates the surges by 10%. The inclusion of the radiation stress improves the accuracy of the computed results slightly by 2%. The introduction of a wave-dependent surface drag gives a significant improvement. The storm-induced currents clearly affect the wave characteristics at the peak stage. However, as far as the prediction of wave height is concerned, it is better not to consider the wave radiation stress in the storm surge model unless this is accompanied by a wave-dependent surface drag. 相似文献
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《Ocean Modelling》2008,20(3):252-269
The effects of wave–current interactions on the storm surge and inundation induced by Hurricane Hugo in and around the Charleston Harbor and its adjacent coastal regions are examined by using a three-dimensional (3-D) wave–current coupled modeling system. The 3-D storm surge and inundation modeling component of the coupled system is based on the Princeton ocean model (POM), whereas the wave modeling component is based on the third-generation wave model, simulating waves nearshore (SWAN). The results indicate that the effects of wave-induced surface, bottom, and radiation stresses can separately or in combination produce significant changes in storm surge and inundation. The effects of waves vary spatially. In some areas, the contribution of waves to peak storm surge during Hurricane Hugo reached as high as 0.76 m which led to substantial changes in the inundation and drying areas simulated by the storm surge model. 相似文献
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Wave set-up in storm surges is studied using a numerical model for coasts in Tosa Bay, Japan, open to the Pacific Ocean. Simulation models employing only atmospheric pressures and winds as external forces are unable to properly simulate open coast storm surge heights, such as those due to Typhoon Anita (1970). However, the present study shows that a numerical model incorporating wave-induced radiation stresses, as well as wind stresses and pressure gradients, is able to account for the open coast surge heights. There is a maximum contribution of 40% by the radiation stresses to the peak sea level rises. This study also evaluates the effects of the tides; including the tides improves the agreement between the predicted water surface elevations and the observations. The difference in predictions between one-way coupling from wave to surge models and two-way coupling of the surge and wave models is found to be small. 相似文献
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Based on the time dependent mild slope equation including the effect of wave energy dissipation, an expression for the energy dissipation factor is derived in conjunction with the wave energy balance equation, and then a practical method for the simulation of wave height and wave set-up in nearshore regions is presented. The variation of the complex wave amplitude is numerically simulated by use of the parabolic mild slope equation including the effect of wave energy dissipation due to wave breaking. The components of wave radiation stress are calculated subsequently by new expressions for them according to the obtained complex wave amplitude, and then the depth-averaged equation is applied to the calculation of wave set-up due to wave breaking. Numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data, showing that the expression for the energy dissipation factor is reasonable and that the new method is effective for the simulation of wave set-up due to wave breaking in nearshore regions. 相似文献
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Wave-tide-surge coupled simulation for typhoon Maemi 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The main task of this study focuses on studying the effect of wave-current interaction on currents, storm surge and wind wave as well as effects of current induced wave refraction and current on waves by using numerical models which consider the bottom boundary layer and sea surface roughness parameter for shallow and smooth bed area around Korean Peninsula. The coupled system (unstructured-mesh SWAN wave and ADCIRC) run on the same unstructured mesh. This identical and homogeneous mesh allows the physics of wave-circulation interactions to be correctly resolved in both models. The unstructured mesh can be applied to a large domain allowing all energy from deep to shallow waters to be seamlessly followed. There is no nesting or overlapping of structured wave meshes, and no interpolation is required. In response to typhoon Maemi (2003), all model components were validated independently, and shown to provide a faithful representation of the system’s response to this storm. The waves and storm surge were allowed to develop on the continental shelf and interact with the complex nearshore environment. The resulting modeling system can be used extensively for prediction of the typhoon surge. The result show that it is important to incorporate the wave-current interaction effect into coastal area in the wave-tide-surge coupled model. At the same time, it should consider effects of depth-induced wave breaking, wind field, currents and sea surface elevation in prediction of waves. Specially, we found that: (1) wave radiation stress enhanced the current and surge elevation otherwise wave enhanced nonlinear bottom boundary layer decreased that, (2) wind wave was significantly controlled by sea surface roughness thus we cautiously took the experimental expression. The resulting modeling system can be used for hindcasting (prediction) the wave-tide-surge coupled environments at complex coastline, shallow water and fine sediment area like areas around Korean Peninsula. 相似文献
17.
K. F. Cheung A. C. Phadke Y. Wei R. Rojas Y. J. -M. Douyere C. D. Martino S. H. Houston P. L. -F. Liu P. J. Lynett N. Dodd S. Liao E. Nakazaki 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(11):1353-1386
This paper describes a model package that simulates coastal flooding resulting from storm surge and waves generated by tropical cyclones. The package consists of four component models implemented at three levels of nested geographic regions, namely, ocean, coastal, and nearshore. The operation is automated through a preprocessor that prepares the computational grids and input atmospheric conditions and manages the data transfer between components. The third generation spectral wave model WAM and a nonlinear long-wave model calculate respectively the wave conditions and storm surge over the ocean region. The simulation results define the water levels and boundary conditions for the model SWAN to transform the storm waves in coastal regions. The storm surge and local tides define the water level in each nearshore region, where a Boussinesq model uses the wave spectra output from SWAN to simulate the surf-zone processes and runup along the coastline. The package is applied to hindcast the coastal flooding caused by Hurricanes Iwa and Iniki, which hit the Hawaiian Island of Kauai in 1982 and 1992, respectively. The model results indicate good agreement with the storm-water levels and overwash debris lines recorded during and after the events, demonstrating the capability of the model package as a forecast tool for emergency management. 相似文献
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A Three-Dimensional Nearshore Hydrodynamic Model with Depth-Dependent Radiation Stresses 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
For the simulation of the three-dimensional (3D) nearshore circulation,a 3D hydrodynamic model is developed by taking into account the depth-dependent radiation stresses.Expressions for depth-depeedent radiation stresses in the Cartsian coordinates are introduced on the basis of the linear wave theory,and then vertical variations of depth-dependent radiation stresses are discussed.The 3D hydrodynamic model of EICIRC (Eulerian-Lagrangian CIRCulation) is extended by adding the terms of the depth-dependent or depth-averaged radiation stresses in the momentum equations.The wave set-up,set-down and undertow are simulated by the extended ELCIRC model based on the wave fields provided by the experiment or the REF/DIF wave model.The simulated results with the depth-dependent and depth-averaged radiation stresses both show good agreement with the experimental data for wave set-up and set-down.The undertow profiles predicted by the model with the depth-dependent radiation stresses are also consistent with the experimental results,while the model with the depth-averaged radiation stresses can not reflect the vertical distribution of undertow. 相似文献
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在近岸波浪相关研究中,辐射应力是波动在水体中引起的剩余动量流,是波浪运动的重要物理量。在波浪从深水逐渐传向浅水的过程中,波浪的非线性逐渐增强,甚至会发生破碎等剧烈变形,引起辐射应力的强烈变化,对次重力波生成等有重要贡献。应用OpenFOAM精细模拟波浪在潜堤上的传播,得出波浪运动的详细流场信息,计算了有波浪破碎情况下潜堤地形上波浪的辐射应力和波浪增减水情况。研究结果表明,在潜堤地形下,辐射应力值在堤前平底处受波幅变化影响较敏感,波浪完全破碎后其值在堤后坡面处呈增大趋势直至平底处趋于平稳。辐射应力沿程变化对波浪增减水的影响趋势与波浪增减水方程符合良好。 相似文献