共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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通过对检波器耦合理论研究 ,根据沙漠区的地震环境和地表结构 ,设计出了不同类型的检波器耦合装置 ,增加了检波器与沙漠地表的耦合性能。从野外进行对比试验资料分析 ,在沙漠区地震检波器耦合具有高分辨率、抗干扰、耦合性好、适应领域广等特性 ,接收的地震信号能量、优势信噪比频带宽度和信号保真度等方面均有明显提高 ,将从根本上解决沙漠区高分辨率和深层地震勘探的难题。 相似文献
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南黄海崂山隆起存在新近系底界T2强反射界面,中深部发育多套碳酸盐岩高速层,并经历长期的压实作用及复杂的构造运动,波阻抗差异变小,构造特征更为复杂,使得地震波场复杂,深层有效的地震反射信号较弱,信噪比较低,成像质量较差。为了改善中-古生界反射波成像质量,着重对震源端进行攻关,优化设计了2组富低频、强能量的气枪组合震源(总容量为6390in3),分别是沉放10m的平面组合震源和"倒梯形"立体组合震源(4子阵沉放深度分别为7、10、10、7m)。通过外业试验,优选了低频更强的平面组合震源作为地震采集震源方案。与以往地震资料进行了对比,本次采集的地震资料能量衰减较慢,深层能量更强,整体改善了T2不整合面下伏反射层的成像质量,为该区的中-古生界油气勘探奠定基础。 相似文献
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CSDP-2井位于南黄海盆地中部隆起西部,是大陆架科学钻探项目在中部隆起上实施的第一口以探查印支构造面以下海相中-古生界地层属性为目标的科学钻探井,对了解中部隆起前新生代基岩地层赋存关系具有重要意义。为了获取井孔的高精度地层速度及高信噪比地震波场特征,建立准确的地震层位与钻井地层的对应关系,对该井实施了垂直地震剖面(VSP)观测。针对观测井的地震地质条件和观测目标,采用了由4条1500in3的Bolt气枪组成的大容量气枪阵列作为地震激发震源,克服了海相地层顶界面强反射对地震波强烈阻滞的难题;通过三分量数字检波器等间距观测方法,记录传播到井中的地震波场信号。现场的初步处理结果表明,获得了高信噪比的地震波场信号,纵波和转换波信号清晰、特征突出。 相似文献
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地震检波器是实现把机械振动转换为电信号的传感器,不同检波器具有不同的相位特性和频率特性。从检波器的振动理论方程着手,分析了地震资料反射品质与检波器特性的关系。结合地质任务和技术指标要求,在相同采集因素条件下,执行特定的试验内容,考核了不同检波器类型及其性能,对资料进行了有益的处理方法尝试,获得实用而有意义的结论。在目的层较浅的探区,试验数据表明采用自然频率较低的检波器和特殊的低截处理方法同样能够实现高分辨率的地震勘探效果。 相似文献
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南黄海盆地中部隆起发育巨厚的中、古生界海相地层,油气勘探前景良好,但该地区地震地质条件复杂,地震资料品质差、信噪比低。通过地震波场数值模拟分析认为,浅部强屏蔽层,中、古生界内部地层弱反射系数及多次波干扰等几方面因素是影响地震反射成像品质的主要原因。针对这一难题开展了中、古生界老地层的地震资料精细处理关键技术研究,形成了多次波组合压制、多域噪音衰减、提高信噪比等几项关键技术系列。实际资料处理实践表明,针对性的处理技术系列有效地提高了中、古生界资料的信噪比,地震成像品质较以往大大提高,处理效果良好。 相似文献
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南黄海前古近系油气储层时代老、埋藏深,地震勘探中仍存在反射能量弱、信噪比低和成像质量差等难题。在分析目标层岩石地球物理特征和地震、地质条件及地震反射机制基础上,提出了南黄海前古近系油气地震勘探策略;在地震数据采集中,应在海况较好的条件采用长排列、高覆盖次数和较大容量气枪震源施工;数据处理的重点应为多次波消除、噪音衰减、速度分析和成像,针对深层弱反射信号的处理难题,建议采用叠前时间偏移和共反射面元叠加等先进的处理技术。 相似文献
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We describe recent mechanical andeelectronic modifications to the Cambridge Ocean Bottom Hydrophone system, enabling it to record in addition three geophone channels from a deployed, disposable geophone package. Examples of data from seismic refraction experiments show good correspondence between records of ground motion detected by the hydrophone and the vertical geophone. Seismic signals are undistorted by noise from instrument related sources. Clear examples of P to S conversions just below the receiver are observed. Improved recording conditions are achieved by deploying the geophones in a small pressure vessel as far away as possible from the main instrument package. 相似文献
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东营城区高精度三维地震采集方法研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据东营城区内建筑物较多，环境干扰较大，地下构造复杂，断裂非常发育，目的层埋藏深，资料信噪比较低的特点，以地震老资料和钻井资料为基础，建立地震地质模型，利用射线追踪技术选取合适的观测系统参数。充分利用卫星数字地图，没计了灵活多变的观测系统，采用可控震源与炸药震源配合使用方法，及时对城区内地下面元的覆盖次数、方位角和炮检距的分布进行质量监控，利用现场处理系统对资料进行及时分析，提高了地震资料品质。所获得的东营城区高精度三维地震采集资料显示，其浅中层分辨率和中深层信噪比都有了明显改善，取得了良好的地质效果。 相似文献
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The measurement of the signal to noise ratio in continuous seismic profiling systems is carried out by means of a small general purpose digital computer equipped with an analog to digital converter. The computer is programmed to compute and compare the power spectrum of a sample of noise to the power spectrum of a sample of noise plus an echo. Power spectra of some twenty to fifty shots are averaged to yield reliable estimates of the signal to noise ratio as a function of frequency. The observed spectra agree well with spectra calculated from signals measured near to an air-gun. This measurement of signal to noise ratio as a function of frequency provides unambiguous information for the adjustment of the necessary band-pass filter thus improving the operation of a continuous seismic profiler. 相似文献
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Takao Eguchi Yukio Fujinawa Tadayoshi Matsuzaki Masaru Aoyagi 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1986,8(2):187-199
We designed a new pop-up type Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) in order to study micro-earthquakes in off-shore areas. With a 57 cm O.D. sphere of high tension aluminium alloy, the OBS system, including one vertical and one horizontal geophone, can safely operate on ocean floors of up to 6000 m depth for seismic observations. The amplified seismic data and the time code are directly recorded on the four-channel cassette deck for periods of up to one month. The frequency response curve throughout the recording and play-back system is flat for the range, 1–15 Hz (–3 dB). The anchor release and the geophone clamp are operated by an acoustic command signal.So far, we have deployed our OBS's 42 times in the ocean. All of the OBS's deployed have been recovered safely. Seismic data has provided seismological evidence for a number of processes associated with tectonism along subduction zones and spreading ridges (e.g., Eguchi et al., 1986). 相似文献
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背景噪声的强弱是影响地震台站观测的一个重要因素。获取背景噪声的分布特征对评估海底地震仪记录数据质量及对数据的降噪处理均具有重要的指示意义。利用概率密度函数方法获取台站数据的功率谱密度的概率分布特征并与全球背景噪声高值模型和低值模型进行对比是研究台站周围环境背景噪声水平的有利手段。本研究基于南海大规模的被动源海底地震仪台阵长期观测实验的部分数据,利用概率密度函数方法研究了南海的背景噪声。首先,在全频段上对背景噪声进行了分析,并与其他台站做了对比,发现海洋的背景噪声在微震段和低频段大于高值模型且在全频带上远大于陆基台站的背景噪声,这表明海底地震仪数据质量并不高;其次,对观测过程中出现的地震事件以及其他典型信号的概率密度分布进行了归纳总结,发现远震事件、近震事件和数据丢失现象分别具有不同的优势频段和特征,这对后续滤波处理和质量检查具有重要指示意义;最后,研究了背景噪声的时间变化特征,发现台风是导致微震段时间变化的主要原因。 相似文献
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A digital array of 120 acoustic channels 900 m in length has been constructed to study low-frequency (20-200 Hz) ambient noise in the ocean. The array may be deployed vertically or horizontally from the research platform FLIP and the array elements are localized with a high-frequency acoustic transponder network. The authors describe the instrumentation, telemetry, and navigation systems of the array during a vertical deployment in the northeast Pacific. Preliminary ambient noise spectra are presented for various array depths and local wind speeds. Ambient noise in the frequency band above 100 Hz or below 25 Hz increases with local wind speed. However, in the frequency band 25-100 Hz, ambient noise is independent of wind speed and may be dominated by shipping sources 相似文献
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Frederick K. Duennebier Grant Blackinton George H. Sutton 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1981,5(1):109-115
High-amplitude, anrrow band noise that correlates with periods of high ocean bottom currents and the tidal cycle is occasionally observed on ocean bottom seismometers (OBS). The geophones on OBSs of different configurations are not equally sensitive to this noise and hydrophones are almost unaffected. With a suitable design, it should be possible to eliminate this noise problem.Hawaii Institute of Geophysics Contribution No. 1173 相似文献
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Félix Avedik Vincent Renard Didier Buisine Jean-Yves Cornic 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1978,3(4):357-379
This paper describes a pop-up ocean bottom seismograph designed primarily for refraction surveys both on the continental shelf and in deep sea. Its development is the extension of our system based on seismic detectors located on the sea floor with radio transmission of seismic signals and used for seismic refraction studies on the continental shelf. The seismic detectors (vertical geophone or hydrophone and two orthogonally mounted horizontal geophones) are located outside of the pressure vessel on the main frame. Optionally, the seismic sensors may be decoupled from the main frame assembly. This decoupling is performed by a mobile arm positioning the separate three component sensor package on the sea floor.Contribution No. 455 of the Département Scientifique, Centre Océanologique de Bretagne. 相似文献