共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
福建沿岸海域浒苔藻类的营养成分含量与食用安全 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对福建沿岸海域浒苔（Enteromorpha）样品的主要组成成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质含量的研究表明,浒苔属高膳食纤维（49．0％～59．1％）、高蛋白质（19．60％～38．24％）、低脂肪（0．20％～0．55％）的藻类．浒苔中17种氨基酸总量（Ctaa）与蛋白质含量的比值为74．1％～91．0％;其必需氨基酸含量（Ctaa）占C11从的35．4％～40．0％,CⅢ与非必需氨基酸含量（C。Ⅲ）之比为0．55～0．67,且呈味氨基酸的含量丰富（47．1％）,氨基酸组成均衡．浒苔油脂中脂肪酸组成丰富,n一3PUFA含量达油脂总量的20．0％～26．4％,其中含有EPA、DHA．浒苔中矿物质含量较高,尤其富含镁、钙、铁、锌、硒、钾等人体必需矿物元素．有害元素测定结果表明,中、低潮区浒苔的铅、汞、镉、砷含量均能够符合《无公害食品海藻》安全指标的限量要求,养殖区、高潮区部分浒苔的Pb含量超标．研究结果认为,在低污染海区生长的浒苔是一种高蛋白质、高膳食纤维、低脂肪、矿物元素丰富且安全的海洋食品． 相似文献
2.
两种多管藻中总氨基酸含量的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多管藻属海藻（Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａ）是红藻门松节藻科的一类海藻。Ｉ．Ｍ．Ｍｕｎｄａ等曾经研究过Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａｌａｎｏｓａ和Ｐ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔａ中氨基酸的组成和含量;Ｉｔｏ．Ｋｏｉｃｈｉ对Ｐｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ中酪氨酸的存在形式进行了研究,发现其中的一碘酪氨酸、二碘酪氨酸、三碘酪氨酸和四碘酪氨酸（Ｔ４,甲状腺素）都有降低大白鼠血中胆固醇的作用。近１０来,未见发表过关于多管藻中氨基酸成分的进一步研究结果。作者利用氨基酸自动分析仪,对产于青岛海域的Ｐｕｒｃｅｏｔｏｔａ和Ｐ．ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ… 相似文献
3.
甜菜碱是一种氨基酸或亚氨基酸的衍生物。1984年Blunden等用生物检测法测定海藻中细胞激动素的水平时,偶然发现了甜菜碱这类和细胞激动素有类似活性的化合物。目前已在两百多种海藻中发现了18种甜菜碱及3类甜菜碱脂。海藻中甜菜碱的分布十分广泛且结构多样。由于甜菜碱对植物的生长有明显的生理响应,所以被看作是海藻中的一类活性物质。
我国具有丰富的海藻资源,但对海藻中甜菜碱及其类似物的研究还未开展过,本研究旨在对我国的一些大型经济海藻中的甜菜碱含量进行测定,为含量较高的海藻资源开发提供依据。同时还对海藻中这类生物活性物质的提取建立基本的方法,以便为其作为药物和植物生长调节剂的开发打下基础。 相似文献
4.
5.
南极冰藻生化组成及其与低温适应性关系的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
对4种南极冰藻(2种单细胞绿藻——Pyramimonas sp．和绿藻L4，以及2种硅藻——硅藻Hl和H2)的蛋白质、脂肪、糖、无机元素含量和组成，灰分含量，以及氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成等的基本生化组成进行测定。结果表明，4种冰藻的蛋白质含量均高于常温藻，蛋白质含量以绿藻L4的含量最高，为45．18％；Pyramimonas sp．的蛋白质含量最低为27．70％。4种冰藻的脂肪含量均高于常温藻，为14．02％～l9．89％；总糖含量为4．7％～l6．3％，与常温藻含量接近。Mg的含量在冰藻和常温藻的无机元素中都为最高，为13600～l24000mg／kg，但4种冰藻的含量均低于2种常温藻；4种冰藻的灰分含量均低于常温藻，表明冰藻含有更高的有机成分。冰藻的氨基酸含量与常温藻的含量没有明显不同，但绿藻L4含有较高含量的羟脯氨酸，占总氨基酸含量的2．48％。4种冰藻的脂肪酸组成，主要以多不饱和脂肪酸为主。冰藻的基本生化组成在一定程度上反映了冰藻对生存环境的适应性，并且完全符合作为水产养殖饵料的营养要求。 相似文献
6.
7.
Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ和Ｐ．ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ在青岛是常见海藻 ,属于红藻门（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｈｙｔａ）松节藻科（Ｒｈｏ-ｄｏｍｅｌａｃｅａｅ）多管藻属（Ｐｏｌｙｓｉｐｈｏｎｉａ）,大量生长在潮间带迎浪礁石上和养殖海带、扇贝等经济海产品的架子上 ,一般作为害藻除去,没有什么利用 ,若能对其综合开发,将会有很大的社会效益。Ｋｏｉｃｈｉ曾于１９７６年对日本海域的Ｐ．ｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ中的氨基酸进行研究,并测定了其中碘代氨基酸的活性。Ｇｌｏｍｂｉｔｚａ从Ｐ．ｕｒｃｅｏｌａｔａ中得到了一系列的溴代酚… 相似文献
8.
9.
中华乌塘鳢肌肉的生化成分和能值 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
测定了中华包塘鳢肌肉的水分、蛋白质、旨肪、碳水化合物等生经成分和能值，分析了其氨基酸的种类组成和含量。结果表明：（１）中华乌塘鳢肌肉中的蛋白质含量很高，占干重的８２．０１％－８７．８０％，脂类含量低，只有３．７７％－７．５０％；（２）中华乌塘鳢的比能值及能量与蛋白质的比值较低，分别为４．４９３－５。１９９ｋＪ／ｇ鲜重和２５．７９７－２８．３１４ｋＪ／ｇ；（３）蛋白质中氨基酸的种类齐全，含量高其中成 相似文献
10.
将海藻加工成海藻粉作饲料添加剂喂养禽畜,不但可大大加快禽畜的生长,而且具有广阔的市场发展前景。 海藻是海洋中能进行光合作用的自养植物,按其藻体所呈不同颜色,又可分为红藻、绿藻、褐藻、蓝藻、金藻等,品种繁多,据记载,其中有经济价值的品种达100种以上。海藻含有很高的营养价值,据研究分析,其中蛋白质含量为8％～12％,高的达到17％,所含海藻胶、淀粉、甘露醇和纤维素等无氮有机物占30％～60％。 相似文献
11.
东海绿藻缘管浒苔营养成分分析及评价 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
分析了缘管浒苔(Enteromorphalinza)一般营养成分、18种氨基酸及矿物质的含量,并与藻类海产品海带、紫菜、羊栖菜、裙带菜进行营养学对照评价。结果表明,缘管浒苔中主要成分是多糖类和粗纤维,占藻体的63.9%。蛋白质含量27.0%,在几种海藻中较高。氨基酸组成均衡,必需氨基酸(EAA)占氨基酸总量(TAA)的38%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为0.62;氨基酸价78,高于海带(47)和紫菜(54),限制性氨基酸均为赖氨酸;呈味氨基酸占总量的53%;谷氨酸、天氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸等含量很高。脂肪量较低,为0.9%。矿物质和维生素含量丰富,其中Mg,Fe,Ca,K,Na,P,Zn等元素含量很高,尤其Mg,Fe,Zn高于其它海藻;钙磷比值合理,为1.9;尤其有害元素As含量远远低于同水域中4种海藻,为2.98mg/kg。因此缘管浒苔是一种低污染的高膳食纤维、高蛋白、低脂肪的富含维生素和矿物质的新型海洋食品。 相似文献
12.
13.
Benthic macrofauna changes in areas of Venice lagoon populated by seagrasses or seaweeds. 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
Two areas of the Venice lagoon populated by seagrasses (three stations covered by Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Asherson, Zostera marina Linnaeus, Zostera noltii Hornemann) or seaweeds (two stations: one covered by Ulva rigida C. Agardh and another at present without seaweed biomass) were monitored by means of six surveys over a year in order to study macrofaunal composition and seasonal changes. The seagrass stations showed a mean species richness (28-30 S m(-2)), individual abundance (1854-4018 N m(-2)) and biomass (22.3-37.7 g m(-2) ash-free-dry-weight, AFDW) ca. 3-8 times higher than those populated by seaweeds (10-15 S m(-2), 494-1395 N m(-2) and 5.6-13.7 g m(-2) AFDW). Differences among seagrass or seaweed stations were much lower. The Ulva-dominated station showed a macrofauna completely different both from the other stations and the communities recorded ca. 30 years ago, before the prolific growth of Ulva. In this station, frequent biomass decompositions and anoxic crises created critical conditions for life favouring organisms with reduced life cycles, younger individuals and the epifaunal species instead of the infaunal ones. In particular, Ulva grazers and scrapers such as Gammarus aequicauda Stock and Gibbula adriatica Philippi were found to be by far the most abundant species, whereas the taxa characteristic of the associations found in the past, in the presence of seagrasses or seaweeds and typical of low eutrophicated environments, appear strongly reduced. Marked differences in the macrophyte dominance and in the bio-physico-chemical variables which characterise the main environmental conditions of the Venice lagoon support the different distribution and composition of macrofaunal communities. Seaweed stations appear mainly governed by the seasonal cycles of these un-rooted macrophytes which, by alternating periods of production and decomposition, are responsible for the drastic reduction of macrofauna biodiversity and biomass. Conversely, seagrass stations exhibit a better oxidisation of the environment and show conditions more favourable for macrofauna colonisation, especially in the presence of macrophytes which are characterised by very well developed below-ground systems such as Cymodocea nodosa. 相似文献
14.
用高效液相色谱法对2010年9月南黄海33个站位表层海水中总水解氨基酸(THAA)、溶解游离氨基酸(DFAA)、溶解结合氨基酸(DCAA)的分布、组成以及它们与环境因子的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:THAA平均浓度为2.08μmol/L,DFAA平均浓度为0.39μmol/L,DCAA平均浓度为1.69μmol/L。THAA浓度的分布大致呈近岸高、远岸低的特点;DFAA分布的规律性较差,在东部海域(中心约在35°N,123°E)出现高值。相关性分析显示溶解氨基酸与叶绿素a(Chl-a)、溶解无机氮(DIN)、细菌丰度、温度和盐度之间均无显著相关性。THAA中含量较高的个体氨基酸为丝氨酸、甘氨酸、天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸和丙氨酸,总和占70.59%。DFAA、DCAA中的主要成分与THAA基本相同。THAA中个体氨基酸的组成以34°N为界分为南北2个海区呈现明显的区域性特点。 相似文献
15.
本文通过乘法散射校正(multiplicative scattering correction MSC)、一阶求导(1st Derivative,Db1)和Norris平滑等傅里叶变换近红外光谱定量分析数学模型,用交叉验证法确定了最优化建模参数,构建了牡蛎中氨基酸的快速定量测定方法。结果表明,牡蛎近红外光谱与氨基酸含量化学计量学拟合,线性相关系数为0.9860,交叉验证后线性相关系数为0.9794,对牡蛎样品进行检测,结果与传统的氨基酸分析仪的测试结果相比,相对误差小于2.5%,方法的精密度(RSD)小于1.0%,本文建立的傅里叶变换近红外光谱法定量分析牡蛎中氨基酸具有快速、准确、操作简便等特点,测定重复性优于氨基酸分析仪法。 相似文献
16.
Abstract. Dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) were measured in sediment porewater and overlying sea water in seagrass beds of Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa at a water depth of 8–10 m in Corsica, France. In the sea water, DFAA concentrations from 0.5 to 1.9μM were found. Lowest concentrations occurred in the afternoon in surface water samples, while higher concentrations were measured in morning surface samples and in all bottom samples. The most abundant amino acids were serine, glycine, and alanine. In the sediment, the upper 4cm contained the highest concentrations of DFAA (177nmol cm-3 or 367 μM), while lower concentrations (<50nmol cm-3 or 104 μM) prevailed deeper in the sediment. Glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and β-alanine were the major components of the DFAA. The photosynthetic activity of the seagrasses influenced sediment porewater pools of DFAA. When a Posidonia bed was covered with a black polyethylene shield, the interstitial amino acids were reduced at a rate of 16nmol cm-2 h-1 (0-10cm depth). Conversely, extended daylight (floodlight) increased the DFAA pool in sediment depths below 4 cm. Free amino acids were released to the overlying sea water from both seagrass sediment and individual shoots, the rates being highest in the dark. The present investigation indicates that a substantial portion of the N-cycling of the seagrass sediment includes free amino acids. 相似文献
17.
Gas-liquid chromatographic method byGehrke
et al. was applied to the determination of the dissolved proteinaceous substace. Sea-water samples were evaporated in vacuum to the volume of one twentieth of the initial volume and separated from deposited inorganic salt crystals. Thirteen kinds of amino acids except histidine, arginine and cystine were quantitatively determined for artificial sea water containing sixteen standard amino acids with accuracy of about five percent and with yield of 80 to 103 percent. This method has advantage comparing with paper or thin layer chromatography on the precision and comparing with ion-exchange method on sensitivity.The difference of amino acid concentration between the sea-water samples of different depth and different region was observed. The total amounts of dissolved amino acids were found to be between 33 and 92g per liter in sea water of Pacific Ocean taken at the surface to 1,500 m in depth.Contribution No. 41, from The Research Institute of North Pacific Fisheries, Hokkaido University. 相似文献
18.
海底管道悬空防护与治理措施浅谈 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了治理一直困扰茂名30万t单点码头的海底管道悬空问题,首先分析了海底管道埋藏状态的识别方法,对国内外海底管线各种悬空治理措施的优缺点和适宜海域进行汇总。在对茂名30万t单点码头海底管道开展了多次路由调查的基础上,针对悬空路段,分别采用人工海草、沉排、碎石回填等不同的防护措施。结果表明,人工海草确实具有明显的降低流速和促进泥沙淤积的功能,但潜水员水下作业工作量较大,不宜在水深大于40 m的海域进行,应避开拖网捕捞海域。水泥沉排在水下较稳定,可有效保护海底管线免受外来损害,但是回淤促淤缓慢。当海床承载力足够时,采用碎石回填办法进行海管维护比较有效,冲刷坑填埋充实,可广泛用于修正悬空。 相似文献
19.
2种海藻中半挥发性物质的成分分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
选择孔石莼(Uiva pertusa)和蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia filicina)两种海藻在挥发油测定器中用乙酸乙酯通过循环蒸馏萃取,浓缩后用电子轰击(electron impact,EI)源在全扫描检测模式下进行检测。各分离组分采用美国国家标准局NIST147及WILEY7谱库检索定性,采用色谱峰面积归一法进行相对定量。从两种海藻中共鉴定出61种半挥发性化合物,以醛类物质种类最多,半挥发性组分主要是醛类、脂肪酸类和醇类物质。两种海藻中含量最高的均是棕榈酸和十五醛。烘干对鉴定出的半挥发性物质种类没有影响,但对同一类物质,保留时间短的组分烘干后质量分数有增加的趋势,而保留时间长的组分质量分数有减少的趋势。该方法是一种灵敏、准确的分析方法,可以为海洋微藻中半挥发性成分的研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
20.
Jenny Davis Ronald Benner 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2005,52(24-26):3396
The objectives of this study were to investigate the seasonality, abundance, sources and bioreactivity of organic matter in the water column of the western Arctic Ocean. The concentrations of particulate and dissolved amino acids and amino sugars, as well as bulk properties of particulate and dissolved organic matter (DOM), were measured in shelf, slope and basin waters collected during the spring and summer of 2002. Particulate organic matter concentrations in shelf waters increased by a factor of 10 between spring and summer. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) concentrations exhibited only minor seasonal variations, whereas dissolved amino acid concentrations doubled between spring and summer, and dissolved amino sugars increased by 31% in shelf waters of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas. Concentrations of DOC did not exhibit a significant seasonal change in surface waters of the Canada Basin, but dissolved amino acid concentrations increased by 45% between spring and summer. No significant seasonal differences were detected in the concentration or composition of DOM in waters below 100 m in depth. Concentrations of particulate and dissolved amino acids and amino sugars were strongly correlated with chlorophyll-a, indicating a plankton source of freshly produced organic matter. The amino acid and amino sugar compositions of freshly produced DOM indicated that a large portion of this material is bioavailable. While freshly produced DOM was found to be relatively bioreactive, preformed DOM in the Arctic appears to be less bioreactive but similar in degradation state to average DOM in the Atlantic and Pacific. These data demonstrate substantial summer production of POM and DOM on the Chukchi and Beaufort shelves that is available for utilization in shelf waters and export to the Canada Basin. 相似文献