共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
大亚湾海水微表层生物—化学研究：Ⅱ.（二）生物—化学特性的周日变化 … 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９８年１１月对大亚湾大鹏澳东山港网箱养殖区进行定点２６h连续观测。结果表明： 海水微表层对Ｃｈｌ－ａ,ＰＯ４－Ｐ无富集作用,对浊度,ＢＯＤ,ＣＯＤ和ＳｉＯ３－Ｓｉ富集,营养盐中氮富集因数的复杂性反映了微表层在调节该养殖区内氮分布上的重要作用;海水微、次表层中部分要素分布和周日变化的差异受生物活动的影响较大。 相似文献
3.
4.
大亚湾海区营养盐的变化及富营养化研究 总被引：42，自引：4，他引：42
根据1999年1月（冬），4月（春），7月（夏）和10月（秋）4个季节对大亚湾海区的监测，选用一种新分类分级的营养化评价模式，评价了大亚湾海区的富营养水平；根据历史资料，分析了大亚湾海区近十多年来氮，磷营养盐的变化趋势，并与中国沿海几个海湾作了对比，结果表明，大亚湾海区冬，春、夏三季的水质属贫营养水平，秋季有个别站位水质属磷限制中度营养水平和磷限制潜在性富营养水平，大亚湾海区水中总溶解无机氮（TIN）呈逐年增加趋势，而磷酸盐（PO4-P）则呈逐年下降趋势，在中国沿海几个海湾中，大亚湾水中营养盐含量较低。 相似文献
5.
1993／1994年南极夏季对中国南极长城湾及附近海区表层海水四种营养盐浓度及其分布状况作了调查。结果表明，NH4－N、NO3－N、NO2－N及PO4－P的大致浓度分别是2．13、7．07、0．74和1．12μg·dm-3。一般来说，湾内高于湾外氮盐于12月份常出现高值。四种形态的无机盐类之最高、最低浓度出现的时间和站位不尽一致。∑N／P递减次序大致是12月，2月，1月。水温变化与NH4－N、PO4－P浓度和∑N／P的变化常较一致，而与NO2－N则常不一，一些站位上营养盐浓度偏低可能与浮游植物摄取有关。结果显示了调研海区的浅水内湾特征。浮游植物所需营养充分。该湾仍维持正常状态。 相似文献
6.
浮游生物对某些化学物质在海洋微表层中富集所起的作用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文综合分析了浮游生物对有机物、痕量金属、氮磷营养盐在海洋微表层中富集所起的作用。浮游植物和部分浮游细菌释放的溶解有机物大部分具有表面活性且能与痕量金属络合,它们能靠Gibbs吸附富集于微表层,并促成与络合的痕量金属的富集。浮游细菌对微表层中富集的含氮和含磷有机物的分解可能是促成氮磷营养盐在微表层中富集的重要原因。 相似文献
7.
江苏近岸海域表层海水中营养盐组成、分布及季节变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2014~2015年江苏近岸海域4个航次现场调查资料,分析探讨了该海区表层海水的溶解无机氮(DIN)、活性磷酸盐和硅酸盐含量及分布特征,并对江苏近岸海域表层水质进行富营养化评价。海区全年表层DIN平均浓度均符合国家4类海水水质标准,表层活性磷酸盐平均浓度均符合国家二类海水水质标准。DIN表现为冬季夏季秋季春季。NO_3-N在4个季节均为DIN的主要存在形态,NO_2-N的比例随水温的升高而呈上升趋势。灌河口和江苏海域南端启东嘴处为营养盐高值区,而海州湾是营养盐低值区。江苏近岸海域在夏季基本处于磷限制潜在性富营养。而秋季北部海域基本处于磷限制潜在性富营养,南部海域处于中度营养及富营养状态;冬季海州湾基本处于磷限制潜在性富营养,其余海域处于中度营养及富营养状态,春季海区整体呈现中度营养及富营养状态。 相似文献
8.
大亚湾营养物质变异特征 总被引：38，自引：0，他引：38
利用大亚湾现场调查和室内模拟数据,以及大亚湾生态网络17～18年8个航次的现场调查资料,采用营养状态质量指数(NQI)的方法评价大亚湾海域富营养化水平,结果表明,大亚湾海域除部分养殖海区为中营养状态外,大部分为贫营养状态;溶解态的无机磷和硅在过去10a多有较大幅度的下降,而溶解态的无机氮、溶解氧和叶绿素a则上升;浮游植物生长由过去认为由氮控制转变为现在由磷控制.分析了养殖海区底层海水、上覆水、沉积物间隙水中营养盐的含量及其化学形态.估算了沉积物-海水界面营养盐扩散通量,NH4+,NO2-,NO3-,HPO42-,H4SiO4平均通量分别为302.0,-0.06,-1.82,2.53,47.6μmol/(m2·d).室内模拟了天然海水体系表层沉积物营养盐的吸附-解吸及其磷酸盐在沉积物上的吸附等温线.论述了大亚湾海域营养盐与赤潮的关系. 相似文献
9.
对南沙海区微表层和次表层中溶解态痕量金属铜、铅、锌、镉的含量进行了测定,并探讨了其与ＤＯＣ的关系。结果显示：铜、铅、锌、镉在微表层中均有富集,海洋微表层中富集的痕量金属的量（ΔＭ）与富集的ＤＯＣ的量（ΔＤＯＣ）具有相关性,ΔＤＯＣ越大,ΔＭ也越大;南沙海区微表层和次表层中所测的痕量金属对鱼卵和鱼幼体不会造成毒害作用。 相似文献
10.
大亚湾养殖水域沉积物-海水界面营养盐扩散通量 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
1998年5月10日和11日分别在大亚湾的大鹏澳和澳头养殖水域现场调查,分析了底层海水、上覆水、沉积物间隙水中营养盐的含量和磷的化学形态。结果表明：大亚湾养殖水域NH,HPO和H4SiO4含量从大至小为：间隙水,上覆水,底层海水;NO和NO含量变化不大。估算了沉积物一海水界面营养盐扩散通量,NH,NO,NO,HPO,H4SiO4平均通量分别为302．0,－0．06,－1．82,2．53,47．96μmol·（m2·d）－1。水体和沉积物中磷的主要化学形态分别为DOP（占TP的54％）和无机态（占总态的60％）。大亚湾养殖水域浮游生物生长由磷控制。沉积物间隙水中NO,NO,HPO,H4SiO4的浓度垂直分布变化不大,而NH的浓度垂直分布呈指数下降特征。 相似文献
11.
Preliminary study on the distribution of nutrients, organic matter, trace metals in sea surface microlayer in Xiamen Bay and Jiulong Estuary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
-The enrichment of nutrients (NOa-, NOa-, PO43-), suspended particles, organic matter (POC, PON,DOC) , and trace metals (Cu, Ni, Cd) was determined in the sea surface microlayer of Xiamen Bay and Jiulong Estuary. The mean enrichment factors ([Xi]microlayer/[Xi ]15cm in depth) mostly ranged between 1 . 0 and 2. 0. The dissolved forms were the major forms of the components measured, the enrichment of dissolved organic matter and suspended particles could lead to the changes in the total amount and speciation of nutrients and trace metals. No correlation was observed between sample concentrations, speciation, enrichment factors and sample locations. However, some evidence shows that these parameters are correlated with sea state, indicating the complexity and dynamic nature of the sea surface microlayer. 相似文献
12.
Copper complexing ligand concentrations in the Daya Bay, Qingdao coast, Jiaozhou Bay, South China Sea and Huanghe Estuary waters were determined by the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. The distribution regularity and the relationship with other parameters were discussed. The results were as follows： Copper complexing ligand concentrations of the South China Sea were a little higher than those of other sea areas, and they were apparently higher than those of the ocean. Compared with the subsurface layer （SSL） in the sea surface microlayer copper complexing ligand concentrations showed an enrichment phenomenon, of which the mechanism is similar to dissolved organic matter. The metal complexing ligand concentration profiles of the South China Sea showed that the value in the sea surface was the highest, then it decreased with depth accruing, and a higher value appeared at the bottom. Copper complex- ing ligand concentrations were higher than those of cadmium and lead. Ligands in each sea area exhibited a complicated property. In short, the distribution regularity of copper complexing ligand concentrations in China＇s coastal waters was consistent with that of other regions in the world. Meanwhile, the positive relationship between the copper complexing ligand concentrations and biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and viscosity were found clearly. 相似文献
13.
为探讨不同类型湿地表层沉积物中底栖微藻对氮素的吸收存储能力及其影响因素,于 2017 年 3 月（枯水期） 和 8月 （丰水期） 分别采集大亚湾光滩湿地 （T1）、河口湿地 （T2） 和红树林湿地 （T3） 表层沉积物底栖微藻样品,并进行了反复冻融实验。研究结果表明,大亚湾滨海湿地表层沉积物中的底栖微藻丰度具有显著的时空差异,温度、营养盐和沉积物粒径可能是影响底栖微藻生长繁殖的主要因素。不同季节比较发现,底栖微藻的氮累积存储能力表现为枯水期强于丰水期,主要由于丰水期较高温度和强光照引起的过度干燥和光刺激,限制了底栖微藻的生长繁殖。河口湿地丰富的营养物质能促进底栖微藻的生长繁殖,致使在淡澳河河口湿地叶绿素含量最高,底栖微藻丰度也最大。底栖微藻胞内溶解无机氮 （DIN） 含量表现为T2（河口湿地） >T1（光滩湿地） >T3（红树林湿地） 的空间分布特征,这与其生物量的时空分布特征相一致 （P<0.01）,并且底栖微藻对氨氮 （NH4-N） 有较强的累积存储能力,胞内氨氮 （IC-NH4） 在胞内无机氮 （IC-DIN） 高达90.8%。底栖微藻 IC-DIN 占整个沉积物氮库的 24.2%,其中约 20.0% 的 NH4-N、17.6% 的 NO3-N 和 16.0% 的NO2-N被吸收累积在底栖微藻细胞内。整体上,大亚湾湿地沉积物底栖微藻的氮素累积能力受营养负荷的影响,且NH4-N负荷越高,底栖微藻对氮的吸收存储能力越强,能有效降低近岸富营养化水平。 相似文献
14.
Copper complexing ligand concentrations in the Daya Bay, Qingdao coast, Jiaozhou Bay, South China Sea and Huanghe Estuary waters were determined by the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. The distribution regularity and the relationship with other parameters were discussed. The results were as follows: Copper complexing ligand concentrations of the South China Sea were a little higher than those of other sea areas, and they were apparently higher than those of the ocean. Compared with the subsurface layer (SSL) in the sea surface microlayer copper complexing ligand concentrations showed an enrichment phenomenon, of which the mechanism is similar to dissolved organic matter. The metal complexing ligand concentration profiles of the South China Sea showed that the value in the sea surface was the highest, then it decreased with depth accruing, and a higher value appeared at the bottom. Copper complexing ligand concentrations were higher than those of cadmium and lead. Ligands in each sea area exhibited a complicated property. In short, the distribution regularity of copper complexing ligand concentrations in China' s coastal waters was consistent with that of other regions in the world. Meanwhile, the positive relationship between the copper complexing ligand concentrations and biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and viscosity were found clearly. 相似文献
15.
近百年来大亚湾沉积物有机质的沉积记录及对人为活动的响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对沉积物中粒度组成、总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）、碳氮比（TOC/TN）和碳、氮稳定同位素丰度（δ13C、δ15N）等的分析，结合沉积年代学信息与端元混合模型结果，解析了百年尺度下大亚湾沉积物中不同来源有机质的演变过程及控制因素。结果表明，大亚湾沉积物特性在20世纪70年代末至80年代初发生了显著改变:在此之前，TOC、TN、δ13C和δ15N表现稳定，陆源与海源有机碳的比例维持在3∶7，而自此之后，TOC与TN含量显著升高，TOC/TN持续下降，在1980—2000年和2010年至今都出现了陆源有机碳比例升高，海源有机碳比例降低的现象。上述显著变化表明大亚湾海洋环境自20世纪70年代末至80年代初已经发生了重大变化。近20年来GDP与沉积柱中TN和δ15N呈现出的显著正相关，与TOC/TN呈现出的显著负相关，表明沿岸经济的迅猛增长，水产养殖业的快速发展，周边人口的急速增加等人为活动，是造成大亚湾生态环境变化的重要原因。未来的研究应更密切关注人为活动对海湾生态环境的影响，通过法律法规约束行为，加强海湾生态环境保护与修复治理工作。 相似文献
16.
海洋浮游植物群落结构的改变与营养盐结构有关,不同形态氮可能会影响优势种生长从而改变浮游植物群落结构。本文针对莱州湾硅藻向甲藻潜在的种群演替问题,通过船基围隔生态系现场氮加富培养实验,研究NO3-N、NH4-N、陆源有机氮(DONts)和藻源有机氮(DONss)对海洋浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果表明,在NO3-N、NH4-N和DONts加富培养条件下,舟形藻(Navicula spp.,优势度60.4%)、丹麦细柱藻(Leptocylindrus danicusm,56.6%)和密连角毛藻(Chaetoceros densus,57.4%)等硅藻是优势种,在DONss加富培养条件下,春膝沟藻(Gonyaulax verior,60.2%)等甲藻为优势种,说明硅藻主要吸收无机态营养盐成为优势种,而甲藻能够吸收DON成为优势藻。动力学过程分析发现,春膝沟藻(G.verior)等甲藻可以直接吸收利用DONss,而DONts可能是通过矿化转化为无机氮,再被密连角毛藻(C.densus)等硅藻吸收与利用。本文研究成果,有助于对硅藻向甲藻演替的营养盐动力学控制机制的认识。 相似文献
17.
The sea as a source of atmospheric phosphorus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The geochemical fractionation of phosphorus on the drop produced by bubbles bursting in seawater has been studied using a field sampling system called the Bubble Interfacial Microlayer Sampler (BIMS). The droplets from bursting bubbles were collected on filter samples in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island during the summer of 1975. Phosphorus was found to be fractionated by the bubble-bursting process. The enrichment factor ranged from 4 to 170. Enrichment was found to increase with decreasing phosphorus concentration at 20 cm depth while it decreases with increasing wind velocity. Enrichment was independent of bubbling depth. Together these facts suggest that the sea-surface microlayer is the source of the phosphorus on the ejected drops. Organic phosphorus on the filter samples was found to be enriched relative to surface-water phosphorus by factors of 100–200, while reactive phosphorus was enriched by factors of only 6–8. This suggests that surface-active organic phosphorus compounds are the source phosphorus in the microlayer.The organic phosphorus content of samples of atmospheric particulates collected over the phosphate-rich upwelling waters near the Peru coast was found to correlate significantly with sea-salt sodium. Enrichments calculated using the average phosphorus concentration of the surface water in this area agree well with the results of the BIMS study. Thus it appears that phosphorus fractionation does occur in nature and may be important in supplying this nutrient to some coastal regions of the world. 相似文献
18.
In this work, we have monitored 12 stations to study the effects caused by natural, marine and anthropogenic activities on water quality in Daya Bay, China. Results show that the N:P ratios are 71.54, 41.29, 81.50 and 98.27 in winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively. Compared with the data of the past 20 years, the atomic N:P ratios have increased, indicating increased potential for P limitation; the atomic Si:N ratios have decreased; the nutrient structure has substantially changed over a period of 20 years. These findings show that the nutrient structure may be related to anthropogenic influence. The data matrix has been built according to the results, which were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). This analysis extracted the first four principal components (PC), explaining 73.58% of the total variance of the raw data. PC1 (25.53% of the variance) is associated with temperature, salinity and nitrate. PC2 (21.64% of the variance) is characterized by dissolved oxygen and silicate. PC3 (15.91% of the variance) participates mainly by nitrite (NO2-N) and ammonia (NH4-N). PC4 explaining 10.50% of the variance is mainly contributed by parameters of organic pollution (dissolved oxygen, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand).PCA has found the important factors that can describe the natural, marine and anthropogenic influences. Temperature and salinity are important indicators of natural and marine characters in this bay. The northeast monsoons from October to April and southwest monsoons from May to September have important effects on the waters in Daya Bay. It has been demonstrated that anthropogenic activities have significant influence on nitrogen form character. In spatial pattern, a marine aquaculture area and a non-aquaculture area are widely identified by the scores of stations. In seasonal pattern, dry and wet season characters have been demonstrated. 相似文献
19.
氮、磷对大亚湾大鹏澳海区浮游植物群落的影响Ⅱ种类组成 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2005年4－5月（春季）、8月（夏季）和11月（秋季）对大亚湾大鹏澳海区表层的现场调查结合营养盐加富实验，探讨了不同季节氮（NO3－或脲氮 (urea)）和无机磷（PO43－）营养元素对浮游植物种类组成的潜在影响。大鹏澳海区浮游植物优势种有明显季节变化，秋季种类组成的平面变化最明显。春季浮游植物平均细胞密度最高但多样性指数最低。实验结果显示，春季至夏季浮游植物优势种翼根管藻模式变型Rhizosolenia alata f. genuina、丹麦细柱藻Leptocylindrus danicus和绕孢角毛藻Chaetoceros cinctus之间的演替可能受氮、磷条件变化的控制。夏季优势种菱形海线藻Thalassionema nitzschioides和威氏海链藻Thalassiosira weissflogii之间的演替可能受营养条件外的因素控制。尽管磷被认为是该海区浮游植物生长的主要限制因子，但夏季无机氮磷比值较高的实验组中未出现磷限制现象，无机氮磷比值的变化对浮游植物种类组成也没有显著影响，而秋季氮对浮游植物种类组成有较明显的潜在影响。 相似文献