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1.
均匀流中深水系泊Truss Spar平台涡激运动试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在工程中广泛应用的Truss Spar平台自诞生之初就为涡激运动问题所困扰,对其运动特性及抑制方法的机理性研究始终都在进行。采用截断系泊系统水池模型试验对设计中的Truss Spar平台在均匀流中的涡激运动响应进行了研究,分析了有无侧板平台的运动轨迹以及不同速度及流向角来流对平台运动的平衡位置的影响。在影响平台涡激运动特性的重要因素中,选取折合速度及流向角分别加以研究,分析了幅值在锁定区间中的变化规律,验证了减涡侧板对涡激运动良好的抑制作用,并对热点问题进行了探讨。为进一步研究Spar平台的涡激运动特性奠定了基础。 相似文献
2.
当流体流经单柱式结构物时,由于流体黏性和逆压梯度的存在,会产生非定常的升力、阻力和涡旋脱落,即涡激运动现象,对一座Truss Spar平台的硬舱部分附加长度为1.0D(D为硬舱直径)的刚性来流侧分隔板,基于开源平台OpenFOAM,采用基于剪切应力运输的延迟分离涡模拟(SST-DDES)方法,在不可压缩黏性流场中,对其进行三维数值模拟,以研究在不同流速下,来流侧分隔板对Spar平台涡激运动特性和运动响应的影响。结果表明：在较高流速下,横荡周期减小22.21%,横荡最大幅值减小81.3%。说明在较高流速下,附加分隔板有助于减少Spar平台的运动响应幅值。 相似文献
3.
均匀流作用下三立柱轻型半潜式生产平台涡激运动特性数值研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
三立柱轻型半潜式生产平台是一种新型多功能高效平台,可广泛用于中等水深及深水边际油气田开发。但在一定的来流条件下,立柱后方会产生漩涡脱落,导致平台发生涡激运动现象,从而影响平台的海上作业。基于分离涡模拟(detached eddy simulation,简称DES)方法,对具有三立柱和深吃水特点的非传统型半潜式生产平台的涡激运动响应特性开展数值模拟研究,从运动响应幅值和频率、运动轨迹及水动力系数等多个角度分析其在不同流向角和不同折合速度下涡激运动响应的关键特征和锁定范围。研究表明,三立柱轻型半潜式生产平台的横向运动响应由其受到的脉动升力主导,在折合速度7.0≤Ur≤10.0区间内发生锁定现象,且在180°流向角时幅值达到最大,约为立柱直径的59%;首摇运动在0°流向角时达到最大响应幅值4.9°,且锁定区内的响应频率接近其首摇运动固有频率;其运动轨迹主要表现为沿着横向的直线往复运动。 相似文献
4.
以Spar型浮式风机为研究对象,研究涡激力对于浮式风机系统运动的影响。对多体动力学软件FAST进行二次开发,加入涡激力的计算接口,实现了在平台涡激、波激、空气动力载荷及系泊联合作用下的Spar浮式风机系统的运动响应的计算。计算了在风、浪、流联合作用下,频率锁定现象发生时,Spar基础的运动响应,分析了风浪下Spar风机运动响应的涡激运动特性,并研究了不同的入流角度的影响。结果表明:考虑涡激力后,Spar基础的横荡运动明显增大;风浪流同向时,风浪的存在会抑制流载荷引起的横荡在涡泄频率的运动;在流与风浪垂直时,会激发Spar基础的更大的纵荡运动响应。 相似文献
5.
与单立柱平台(Spar)类似,四立柱平台在洋流作用下也容易发生涡激运动,对锚泊和立管系统的疲劳寿命产生不利影响。一种非对称半潜式平台具有两种不同尺寸的立柱,立柱直径比对非对称平台涡激运动性能的影响尚需深入研究。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对直径比分别为1.0、1.5和2.0的立柱组合在两种不同角度水流作用下的运动响应进行了二维数值模拟,分析发现:立柱直径比不为1时四立柱平台也具有明显的涡激运动,其横荡运动具有显著的锁定现象;在广义折合速度定义下,与相同直径的四立柱平台相比,立柱直径比不为1时其横荡运动锁定区间变宽且滞后,横荡响应幅值的峰值具有明显差异;在所研究的直径比范围内,大直径立柱在上游时涡激运动响应比其在下游时更显著,且这种差异随着直径比变大而变大。 相似文献
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通过数值模拟的方法研究Spar平台两自由度涡激运动,建立考虑流固耦合时Spar平台涡激运动时域数值模型,采用Matlab软件编程计算了Spar平台在不同流速下的两自由度涡激运动响应,并比较了Spar平台涡激运动时非线性阻尼对于结构的影响。通过对数值模型模拟结果的比较发现,非线性阻尼能降低Spar平台两向涡激运动响应的计算结果,尤其是当平台发生共振时,这个影响更为显著。 相似文献
8.
为揭示张力腿平台涡激运动响应规律,采用数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法研究了全水深系泊张力腿平台涡激运动响应。根据张力腿平台主尺度参数,按照几何相似制作了水池试验模型,在满足运动相似和动力相似的条件下开展了均匀流、剖面流模型试验,并将模型试验结果与数值模拟结果进行了对比,验证了数值模拟与模型试验结果的一致性。分析结果表明在均匀流作用下张力腿平台涡激运动的锁定区间在5.5<Ur<8.5,来流角对涡激运动影响较大。剖面流作用下平台涡激运动规律与均匀流作用基本一致,但剖面流造流引起的能量分散,使平台在XY平面的运动轨迹变得不规律,系泊系统提供的回复力对涡激运动幅值有抑制作用,来流角和流速对张力腿或立管模态影响明显。论文得到结论对于张力腿平台的工程设计有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
9.
用半解析方法研究孤立的截断的浮式Spar平台主体的一阶绕射问题,在入射波浪周期为4～40 s的范围内分别得到迎浪0(°)和45(°)角时的纵荡激励力、垂荡激励力和纵摇激励力矩图,得到的数值计算结果与MOSES和WAMIT应用软件计算结果一致.所得计算结果,可应用于Spar平台的运动计算. 相似文献
10.
新型多柱桁架式Spar平台水动力性能研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Spar平台以其较大的水深适应范围,较好的运动性能和稳定性,在深海油气资源开采中得到广泛的使用。随着技术的进步,各种新型的Spar平台形式不断涌现,其各方面的性能也得到大量的研究。结合前几代Spar平台形式的特点,提出了一种新型的多柱桁架式Spar平台概念,希望通过桁架的使用,保持Spar良好的运动和受力总体性能,同时采用多柱式的硬舱结构,降低建造难度和成本。并对该Spar平台的水动力特性,载荷以及运动响应进行了数值建模计算,分析结果表明,其运动响应较小,水动力性能良好。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献