共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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无瓣海桑引种种群遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用ISSR（inter—simple sequence repeat）分子标记技术对采白海南和深圳的2个无瓣海桑Sonneratia a petala种群共45个个体进行了遗传变异分析。11个ISSR引物共扩增出196条带，其中128条具多态性，多态位点百分率为65．31％。在种群水平上多态位点百分率为48．47％。Nei的基因多样性、Shannon信息指数在物种水平上分别为0．1556和0．2441，在种群水平上分别为0．1403和0．2142。无瓣海桑从海南引种到深圳后，遗传多样性水平有所降低。依据Nei的基因分化系数和AMOVA（analysis of molecular variance）分析结果，无瓣海桑种群间发生了一定的遗传分化，但绝大多数遗传变异发生在种群内的个体间。种群间遗传一致度为0．9645，遗传距离为0．0362。UPGMA聚类分析表明，来自同一种群的个体一般都聚在一起。 相似文献
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利用水平电泳方法研究日本绒鳌蟹放流群体（新县的三面川和岛根县的高津川的遗传变异。计检测了15种同工酶,22个位点。两河川日本绒螫蟹的多态座位比例及平均杂合度）利力0．273和0．020,0．227和0．022,与其他种群基本一致。另外,两群体其他相近两自从群体的根井遗传距离为0．001。结果表明：到目前为止,尚未见到放流群体的遗传变异的明显减少。 相似文献
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采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术，研究了石鲽（Kareius bicoloratus）同工酶的组织表达和群体遗传变异。结果表明，14种同工酶共记录31个基因座位，各同工酶的表达均有明显的组织差异，基因座位SOD^＊，GDH^＊，G3PDH～2^＊和ADH-2^＊仅在肝脏中表达，SDH-1^＊，MDH-1。和ADH-1。仅在肌肉中表达，LDH—B^＊和LDH—C^＊仅在眼睛中表达，MDH-2^＊，GPI-3^＊和SDH-2^＊在所有检测的组织中均有表达，其余酶的表达则表现出不同程度的组织差异，与各组织完成特有的生化代谢活动有关。选取肌肉和肝脏对中国青岛、威海石鲽2个地理自然群体的遗传结构和遗传分化进行研究。青岛群体和威海群体的多态座位比率分别为29．17％和25．00％，观察杂合度分别为0．028±0．014和0．040±0．019；期望杂合度分别为0．039±0．017和0．052±0．022。结果表明，两群体间的群体分化度和遗传距离分别为0．012和0．0011，表明石鲽群体间的遗传分化较低。与其它鲽形目鱼类相比，石鲽群体的多态座位比率和平均杂合度均处于中间水平。 相似文献
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合浦珠母贝两个野生种群的生化遗传变异 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直平板电泳技术测定了大亚湾和北部湾合浦珠母贝Pinctadamartensi野生种群12种同工酶26个基因座位的遗传变异。结果表明,两个种群的平均杂合度分别为0.1243±0.0377和0.0999±0.0441,与已报道的珠母贝属的其他种很接近。两个种群的杂合子缺失系数分别为-0.278和-0.346;遗传相似度(I)和遗传距离(D)分别为0.9842和0.0159;基因分化系数GST为0.0253,表明2个种群之间有较强的基因流。 相似文献
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利用核糖体RNA的转录间隔区（ITS1）序列分析方法，以日本青蛤种群为外群，初步讨论了黄、渤海地区6个野生青蛤种群遗传变异和遗传结构。采用AMOVA方法对获得的24种单倍型序列进行了遗传变异水平和等级剖分。结果表明，ITS序列核酸多态性参数Pi为0．01973，Eta值为0．04624。青蛤各种群内的遗传变异水平较高，约占总变异的37．8％。但遗传变异的主要来源于不同组团（日本海与黄、渤海），其变异达到总量的61．36％。黄、渤海地区青蛤种群间的遗传距离在0．00311-0．14914之间，P检验没有出现显著差别，说明该地区青蛤种群没有出现遗传分化，并存在7种共享单倍型序列，种群间有一定的基因交流。日本种群与黄、渤海地区各种群的遗传距离在0．44803-0．54122之间，经P检验均出现了显著性差异，形成了明显的地理隔离及遗传分化格局。 相似文献
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用9对微卫星引物对尼罗罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus、奥利亚罗非鱼O.aureus和红罗非鱼O.sp.群体的遗传变异进行了比较研究。在3个群体109个个体中共检测到60个等位基因,3个群体的平均等位基因数分别为4.11、1.33和3.44,平均观测杂合度分别为0.528、0.056和0.491,平均期望杂合度分别为0.644、0.091和0.526,平均多态信息含量分别为0.580、0.077和0.466。杂合子偏离度D值分别为0.148、0.222和0.044,表明3个罗非鱼群体存在不同程度的杂合子缺失。卡方检验表明3个群体的大部分位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,存在遗传漂变现象。群体间遗传分化显著(遗传分化指数FST在0.329到0.656之间,P<0.01)。尼罗罗非鱼和红罗非鱼群体间的遗传距离最小(0.47)。上述分析表明,尼罗罗非鱼的遗传多样性最高,奥利亚罗非鱼的遗传多样性最低,群体间分化显著。表明尼罗罗非鱼和红罗非鱼尚具有一定的选育潜力,而奥利亚罗非鱼遗传多样性低,不利于选择育种,需要引进新的种群。 相似文献
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Genetic diversity and differentiation of mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The genetic diversity and differentiation of 6 mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China are investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. The mean number of alleles per locus population is 1.3 ± 0.1; the percentage of polymorphic loci per population is 27.3; the observed heterozygosity ranges from (0.195±0.083) to ( 0.241±0.090) and the expected heterozygosity ranges from ( 0.105±0.043 ) to ( 0.131±0.047 ). The coefficient of gene differentiation among populations is low (Fst =0.032), indicating that only 3.2 % of the total genetic diversity comes from inter-population, while the remaining 96.8 % comes from intra-population differences. The genetic distance among populations is 0.000-0.008 (the average is 0.002). Gene flow among the populations is large (Nm = 7.56).Genetic structure is very similar among 6 Scylla serrata populations. 相似文献
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牙鲆养殖群体遗传结构的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术研究了牙鲆养殖群体(F1代)的遗传结构.结果表明,牙鲆养殖群体具有较高的遗传多样性水平.牙鲆群体平均每位点等位基因数的变化为1.19(0.11)～1.24(0.10).多态位点百分数的变化为14.29%～23.81%.期望杂合度的变化为0.056(0.036)～0.057(0.033).观察杂合度的变化为0.099(0.065)～0.104(0.065).牙鲆群体间遗传分化较低,群体间分化度为0.005,表明总的遗传变异中有99.5%来自群体内,有0.5%来自群体间.群体间遗传距离和遗传一致度均值分别为0.001和0.999.群体间基因流很大,等于49.75. 相似文献
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Genetic diversity and differentiation of mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The genetic diversity and differentiation of 6 mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China are investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. The mean number of alleles per locus population is 1.3 ± 0.1; the percentage of polymorphic loci per population is 27.3; the observed heterozygosity ranges from ( 0.195 ± 0.083)to ( 0.241 ± 0.090) and the expected heterozygosity ranges from ( 0.105 ± 0.043 ) to ( 0.131 ± 0.047 ). The coefficient of gene differentiation among populations is low (Fst =0.032), indicating that only 3.2 % of the total genetic diversity comes from inter-population, while the remaining 96.8 % comes from intra-population differences.The genetic distance among populations is 0.000～0.008 (the average is 0.002). Gene flow among the populations is large (Nm= 7.56).Genetic structure is very similar among 6 Scylla serrata populations. 相似文献
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摘 分子遗传标记是随着分子生物学技术的发展而出现的遗传标记技术，它突破了形态和细胞水平上遗传标记的局限性，发挥着独特的优势。本文简要介绍了同工酶、RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、mtDNA、SSR等几种常用的分子遗传标记技术方法，并比较了各种技术的优点和局限性；概述了这些遗传标记技术在海洋经济贝类群体遗传结构和变异、遗传分化、遗传育种、种质鉴定、基因定位和构建遗传图谱研究等方面的应用和取得的研究成果。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of the growth performance of Takifugu rubripes. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated for body weight (BW), body length (BL), total length (TL), chest measurement (CM) and trunk length (TKL) of T. rubripes from measurements of progeny at 6 months and 12 months. The results showed that the heritability was 0.37 for BW6, 0.19 for BL6, 0.35 for TL6, 0.29 for CM6, 0.26 for TKL6, 0.36 for BW12, 0.26 for BL12, 0.25 for TL12, 0.31 for CM12 and 0.15 for TKL12. The range of genetic correlations estimated at 6 months was 0.025–0.725 and ?0.002–0.706 at 12 months. The results indicated that genetic improvement for faster growth rate or increased body weight in cultured T. rubripes was effective. Based on selection theory, the selection strategy for traits with medium heritability is flexible. Considering that these growth traits do not reach the high level of heritability, family selection should be expected. Given positive genetic correlations among BW, BL, TL, CM, and TKL at 6 months, the five traits could be improved simultaneously through selective breeding. As there was high genetic correlation only between BW12, BL12 and TL12, and negative correlations between TKL12 and BL12 as well as between CM12 and TL12, and only BW, BL and TL at 12 months could be improved simultaneously. 相似文献
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Genetic diversity of two wild Penaeus monodon populations sampled from the coastal waters of Qinglan （ Hainan Province of China, HN） and Malaysia （KD）, and the F1 generation of a Thailand broodstock population （CP） were examined by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Of 21 loci encoded by ten enzymes, 11 were polymorphic. The mean proportions of polymorphic loci of HN, KD and CP were 36. 36%, 45.45% and 50.00% , with the average heterozygosities of 0.135, 0.181 and 0.191, and the effective numbers of alleles per loci were 1. 300, 1. 330 and 1. 329, respectively. The divergent indexes of HN, KD and CP were0.023, 0.124, and 0.117, respectively. The genetic distance between the two wild populations was 0.005, and the gene differentiation coefficient was also very low （0.014）. The results indicated that the F1 generation population had a higher genetic diversity than the two wild populations, and that the HN population had the lowest one. There was no significant differentiation between HN and KD populations and all populations existed with a slight heterozygote excess. 相似文献
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大黄鱼野生与养殖群体遗传结构的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用垂直板型不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对福建野生与养殖大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)4个群体(湄洲野生群体、宁德野生群体、宁德养殖群体、连江养殖群体)的遗传结构进行了比较研究。结果表明,4个大黄鱼群体的平均每位点有效等位基因数为1.1250～1.1293,多态位点百分数为12.50%～18.75%,观察杂合度为0.1250,期望杂合度为0.0636～0.0677。湄洲湾野生群体的遗传多样性高于养殖群体。4个大黄鱼群体间的遗传分化很低,4个大黄鱼群体间遗传距离在0.0000～0.0001,平均遗传距离为0.0005,遗传分化系数(Fst=0.0004)低,基因流(Nm=609.6667)大。 相似文献