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为保护亚龙湾砂质海岸及其生态系统,文章采用2016年和2019年的监测数据以及2008年的历史数据,依据相关技术标准和方法,从岸线后退速率和岸滩下蚀速率2个方面综合评价亚龙湾砂质海岸的侵蚀状况和侵蚀强度,并分析其原因。研究结果表明：亚龙湾砂质海岸存在持续性较强且较严重的海岸侵蚀;2008-2016年岸线后退速率和年均土地损失面积分别约为-1.00 m/a和2 080 m2,2016-2019年岸线后退速率和年均土地损失面积分别约为-1.80 m/a和9 836 m2,亚龙湾海岸侵蚀有明显加剧的趋势;2016-2019年亚龙湾东部和西部海岸的岸滩下蚀速率分别约为-13.3 cm/a和-36.2 cm/a,西部岸滩下蚀速率远高于东部岸滩;亚龙湾全段为强侵蚀等级,其中东部岸段为强侵蚀等级,西部岸段为严重侵蚀等级;造成亚龙湾海岸侵蚀的原因主要包括海岸工程建设、植被破坏和海平面上升。 相似文献
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根据2014-2015年对大连李官华铜海岸、营口白沙湾海岸、营口仙人岛海岸以及营口鲅鱼圈月亮湾海岸的岸滩地形监测数据,依据海岸侵蚀灾害监测与评价技术方法,对辽东湾东岸的4个连续砂质海岸的稳定性进行了分析.结果表明:海滩岸线发生侵蚀的岸段主要分布在营口仙人岛海岸和大连李官华铜海岸南部,其中仙人岛岸段岸线后退距离最为严重,达到了7.8 m/a;从断面地形监测结果来看,大连李官华铜海岸发育较强侵蚀,岸滩下蚀速率为9.35 cm/a.辽东湾东岸的华铜海岸和仙人岛岸段,侵蚀现象仍然明显;而开展了防护修复工程的月亮湾、白沙湾等原侵蚀岸段,都基本趋于稳定,没有再发生海岸侵蚀现象. 相似文献
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根据1963年、1980年、1984年、1997年的历史地图和数字影像图以及2002年、2003年的现场岸滩地貌和岸线测量结果,分析了绣针河口附近岸滩现代岸线的变迁特征,并根据岸滩冲淤演化的特点,将岸滩分为5段,结果显示:东潘家村以北的沙丘海岸目前处于侵蚀后退状态,平均蚀退速率为6～8m/a;东潘家村至岚山头岸段为基岩海岸,除人类活动影响的区域外,岸滩变化是轻微的:1970年至1974年间低潮线后退40～100m,在岚山头岬角以西的王家庄沿岸,从1963年到1984年,海岸线后退了360～540m,岚山港建港以后,海岸遂稳定在现今人工海堤附近;绣针河口区河口海岸的动态变化主要受人类活动的影响;绣针河口至大新庄岸段主要为堆积性岸段;大新庄至韩口主要为侵蚀性岸段,自1963年至今一直处于侵蚀后退状态。修建人工堤坝和挖沙是研究区内人类活动对岸滩影响的主要形式,人工堤坝的修建在一定程度和一定范围内有利于海岸线的稳定,而挖沙将直接导致和加剧海岸的侵蚀。 相似文献
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莱州湾南岸海岸侵蚀过程与原因研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
采用历史资料对比分析的方法,对莱州湾南岸1958-2004年的海岸侵蚀进行了研究。结果表明,1958-1984年,莱州湾南岸岸线平均侵蚀后退速率为27 m/a,0 m等深线后退速率为27~65 m/a,岸滩平均蚀低速率为2.1 cm/a。1984-2004年,莱州湾南岸岸线位置基本无变化,岸滩平均蚀低速率为1.04 cm/a,水深5 m以浅的区域表层沉积物变粗。海面相对上升、入海泥沙量减少和风暴潮是研究区海岸侵蚀主要原因,三者对海岸侵蚀影响权重比为3∶5∶2。 相似文献
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辽东湾两侧砂质海岸侵蚀灾害与防治 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
自20世纪60年代至90年代，由于多种原因，辽东湾东西两侧的初始沙质海岸侵蚀范围逐年扩大，侵蚀不断加剧，给当人民的生产和生活带来严重危害。由多年监测资料发现，侵蚀严重的熊岳岸线以2～4m／a的速率而大幅度后退，特别严重的地区最大后退达10km；辽西绥中某些岸段平均每年后退1～2m。20世纪90年代后期，由于一些海域管理措施的出台和相应的海岸防护工程的建设，海岸侵蚀逐渐减弱。通过现场调查和多年监测，分析了辽东湾东西两侧砂质海岸侵蚀的特点，认为海岸组成物质松散与海岸动力作用强烈是本区现代海岸侵蚀的基本条件，人为活动是关键因素，并提出了海岸侵蚀灾害的防治对策。 相似文献
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沙子口湾海岸侵蚀原因及防治对策研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过实测水文资料,岸滩冲变化规律和泥沙动态研究沙子口湾近３０ａ来的变化,分析海滩侵蚀的原因,对现有的海岸工程进行调查。研究海岸防护对策,分析海岸防护工程的可行性。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献