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1.
基于中国渤黄海120个表层沉积物粒度分析,研究了其表层沉积物分布特征与物源和水动力的关系。结果表明,研究区底质类型主要有黏土质粉砂、粉砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂和砂-粉砂-黏土6种类型,以砂质粉砂和黏土质粉砂为主,整体粒度较细、分选较差,在老铁山水道、莱州湾、北黄海北部等水动力较强区域分选相对较好且沉积物粒径相对偏粗。根据沉积物粒度参数、物源、输运路径将研究区划为5个沉积区,分别为渤海湾、滦河口粉砂沉积区,黄河口、莱州湾砂质沉积区,渤海中部粉砂质沉积区,北黄海西部黏土质粉砂沉积区,北黄海北部砂质沉积区。物源和水动力条件控制了研究区沉积物粒度分布。 相似文献
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根据莱州湾西南部207个表层沉积物样品的粒度分析结果,对莱州湾西南部沉积物粒度分布特征进行了研究,在此基础上应用系统聚类分析方法并结合物源及水动力条件探讨了其现代沉积环境分区。结果表明,研究区表层沉积物类型以粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂为主,分布范围最广的粉砂主要位于淄脉沟以北;沉积物平均粒径由近岸向莱州湾中部逐渐变细,从南向北呈现粗—细—粗的变化趋势;研究区现代沉积环境分为高能粉砂质砂粗粒沉积区、砂质粉砂过渡沉积区以及低能粉砂细粒沉积区,其水动力环境表现为波浪作用逐渐减弱,潮流作用逐渐增强,沉积物物源由近岸河流、岸滩侵蚀来沙为主变为以黄河悬浮—再悬浮物质为主。 相似文献
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琼州海峡东口潮流沙脊主要受到东西向往复流和地形地貌的控制,是我国重要的海砂资源地。通过对琼州海峡东口海域350个站位的表层样粒度数据的分析,探讨了研究区的沉积物粒度特征,并划分了沉积环境。结果显示,研究区底质类型共17种,以砂、砾质砂、砾质泥质砂、泥质砂质砾、砂质粉砂为主,其中潮流沙脊区,主要分布有砂、砾质砂和砾质泥质砂,以东则分布有砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂,砂质砾和泥质砂质砾多分布于冲刷槽内。研究区沉积物砾、砂、粉砂、粘土的平均占比分别为9.7%、71.0%、15.3%、4.0%,平均粒径为2.15 φ,分选系数为1.69,其中潮流沙脊区砂占比多超过95.0%,平均粒径多小于2.00 φ,分选较好,随着水动力的减弱,由西向东,沉积物逐渐变细。通过聚类分析,研究区共划分出6类沉积区,Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类沉积区分别代表潮流沙脊区和冲刷海槽区,Ⅲ类代表海湾环境,Ⅳ类代表潮流沙脊前缘,Ⅴ类代表开阔陆架,Ⅵ类代表河口水下三角洲沉积环境。 相似文献
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基于崖州湾海域141个表层沉积物粒度分析数据,研究表层沉积物的粒级组分、粒度参数及其沉积动力环境特征。结果表明,研究区底质类型主要有泥质砂质砾、砾质泥质砂、砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂和粉砂6种,砂质粉砂分布最为广泛;粒径总体趋势表现为自北向南由细变粗再变细的NEE条带状分布特征,分选系数总体偏高,反映了该区复杂的物源和水动力条件。运用Flemming三角图式,结合粒度象、研究区物源、水动力条件及地形特征,将研究区划分为3个沉积环境:近岸主要受控于波浪掀沙和搬运作用,粒径较细,表现为波控沉积特征;中部主要受控于径流、波浪和潮流共同作用,粒径粗,分选差,表现为河口沉积特征;南部主要受控于潮流输沙作用,波浪作用减弱,粒径细,分选相对较好,表现为相对低能的沉积环境。沉积物输移趋势分析显示研究区中西部为一沉积物汇聚中心,近岸侵蚀物质、宁远河输运物质以及外海潮流输运物质均向该处运移。 相似文献
5.
对2002年采自苏鲁交界海域的466个表层沉积物样品作了粒度分析和粒度参数计算,并进行了沉积物分类和分布特征的研究,结果表明:(1)研究海域的表层沉积物类型主要为砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、粘土质粉砂和砂-粉砂-粘土5种。(2)研究海域的表层沉积物主体是砂,随着离岸距离的增大,砂含量将逐渐增加然后又逐渐减少。砂含量的经、纬向分带性不明显。粉砂与砂的平面分布特征正好相反,粘土含量的平面分布特征与粉砂相似。(3)研究海域表层沉积物的平均粒径为0.34~7.30,平均为4.09,沉积物颗粒的直径总体上为细砂粒径;分选系数为0.34~4.26,平均为2.10,分选差;偏态为-0.41~0.75,平均为0.29;峰态为0.66~3.69,平均为1.34。(4)根据沉积物中各组分含量、粒度参数、水深、沉积物类型的平面变化特征等,由西向东将研究区分成西部、中部和东部3个分区。由岸向海,西部分区沉积物由粗到细地变化,平均粒径等值线呈NE向与岸线平行分布;东部和中部分区,沉积物粒度变化的规律不明显。 相似文献
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山东龙口港口区表层沉积物的粒度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对龙口港航道附近小范围内表层沉积物的粒度分析，探讨该港口航道附近的表层沉积物的类型和分布特征。结果表明：1）研究海域的表层沉积物类型分为砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂和粘土质粉砂4种。2）研究海域的表层沉积物主体是砂，其主要变化趋势是由岸到海砂的质量分数逐渐减小又逐渐增大。从它们平面分布来看，粉砂粒组与砂粒组含量的平面分布特征正好相反，粘土含量的平面分布特征与粉砂相似。3）研究海域表层沉积物的平均粒径为2．14～12．79Φ，平均为7．7Φ，沉积物颗粒的直径总体上为细砂粒径；分选系数为0．55～2．99，平均为1．82，分选差；偏态为一0．10～O．75，平均为o．20；峰态为0．63～2．76，平均为1．01。 相似文献
8.
基于2014年10月采集的滦河口近岸106个表层沉积物样品,进行了粒度分析测试,结果表明,研究区沉积物类型主要有砂、粉砂质砂、泥质砂、砂质粉砂和砂质泥五种类型,粒度组分以砂组分为主,平均粒径整体呈现从滦河口门向外逐渐变细的趋势,分选性在滦河口门为较好-中等,其余区域呈离口门越远分选性越差的趋势,峰态在大部分区域1.1,粒度频率曲线尖锐,偏度大部分区域为极正偏,沉积物粒径参数分布具有很好的一致性。结合多元统计分析以及Flemming三角图分类法将滦河口划分为3个沉积环境区:A区为河口强动力砂质沉积区,主要位于滦河口口门及近岸区;B区为滨岸潮流砂质沉积区,位于滦河口两侧区域;C区为低能泥砂混杂区,位于新开口外侧和滦河口外17～20 m水深范围内。研究结表明,不同沉积区与粒径输运趋势具有较好的对应性。 相似文献
9.
通过分析181个埕北海域底质沉积物样品的粒度资料,并应用Flemming三角图示法对研究区进行沉积动力环境分区,结果表明:研究区底质沉积物主要为粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂和黏土质粉砂4种类型,整体上由岸向海粒度呈现细-粗-细的分布特征,且呈条带状与岸线平行;粒度相对较粗,粒径频率曲线多以单峰为主,分选中等偏差,多为正偏;沉积动力环境分区表明该海域沉积物多以悬浮和跃移为主;粒度特征和沉积动力强度以6 m和12 m等深线为轴对称分布,12 m水深等值线两侧沉积物的分布类型和运移趋势主要受季节的风浪变化控制,6 m水深等值线两侧沉积物分布和运移趋势主要受波浪破碎的紊流作用控制。 相似文献
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通过对莱州湾南岸Lz908孔下部47m沉积物的粒度分析,揭示了该地区沉积物的粒度特征:平均粒径介于3.2Φ~7.4Φ,大部分为黏土质粉砂,少部分为砂质粉砂,亦含有少量粉砂质砂;分选系数介于1.1~2.5,分选较差;偏度绝大多数介于0.7~2.4,表现为正偏和极正偏;峰度介于1.9~3.4,表现为平坦和正态。通过粒级组成、粒度象特征、粒度结构散点图等的综合分析,表明:钻孔下部沉积物与上部沉积物相比,指示了相对低能稳定的水动力环境;莱州湾南岸地区在早-中更新统处于浅湖相与深湖相交替存在的沉积环境。因此,本文认为对渤海莱州湾南岸地区沉积物粒度特征的研究可以有效的判断沉积环境,提取古环境信息,是沉积环境的重要替代指标。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献