共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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利用中国地区435个台站1961—2002年逐日平均温度序列,将温度变化发生在9天时间尺度上的特征编码在网络中,通过研究二分图温度网络(BGT网络)中节点与项目的关系,揭示出9天时间尺度上温度变化的特征及其在空间上的拓扑统计性质.网络中各节点RRRD, RrDD, eeed, DRRD, DDRR等所代表的温度波动模态在网络中异常频发,对9天尺度温度变化的预报有一定的指导意义.统计网络的节点度分布,集群系数等拓扑结构特征量,发现BGT网络服从正态分布特征.BGT网络项目内节点度的多样性大体上 相似文献
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优化国土空间开发格局和生态保护修复成为推进生态文明建设的重要举措,构建区域生态网络并识别其关键生态功能区域,是开展国土空间格局优化和生态修复工作的重要切入点。选择海坛岛为研究案例,利用遥感信息源和GIS空间分析等技术方法,辨识出区域潜在的生态网络功能结构。通过景观连接度的重要值评价,揭示海坛岛生态源地和生态节点的重要性,并提出生态保护和修复策略。结果表明:①海坛岛共有生态源地30个,生态廊道219条,生态节点67个。源地、廊道和节点构成了区域潜在的生态网络。②海坛岛生态功能分区中以生态占用低值区为主,其次为中值区,高值区分布最小,三者分别占研究区面积的54.8%、25.3%、19.9%。③海坛岛景观整体连接度(dIIC)较差,生态流指数(dF)空间分布呈现自西南至东北贯穿全岛的特点,可能连接度指数(dPC)的空间分布呈现从南向北圈层梯度过渡的特点。④根据生态网络功能的辨识结果,对人类的干扰活动进行有效的引导,对处在关键地段的受破坏区域进行生态恢复,以加强研究区的景观结构和功能联系,增强生态系统安全与稳定性。 相似文献
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运用复杂网络理论的分析方法,在世界海运船期数据的基础上,构建海洋货运网络。通过拓扑结构分析,描述了网络的空间格局,并采用k-core算法对网络进行分层,提出使用最大连通规模的相对大小及网络效率的相对大小衡量该类网络抗毁性,并提出以整体网络及分层后的多层网络进行随机攻击的方式,分析该网络的抗毁性,结果表明:海洋货运网络具有小世界效应,网络密集且度分布近似幂律分布,符合复杂网络的基本特征。网络对于随机出现的各类海洋灾害所造成的网络损毁具有很强的抗毁性,网络中节点损毁数量为影响网络规模及效率的主要因素,一般性攻击对于网络造成的影响集中于网络效率的下降,关键性节点损毁对于网络整体的运输情况影响不明显。 相似文献
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为平衡能量损耗并用网络生存期最大化,提出1种无线传感器网络(WSNs)中基于能量平衡的节点部署算法.此算法基于距离调整网络部署,也就是根据不同位置的节点能耗调整节点的间距.文中提出能耗最低点并不等于生存期最优.仿真证明基于这种部署策略网络的能耗大大降低,网络生存期比均匀部署策略高160%,同时给出调整距离、网络半径、节点传递范围和节点数量之间的参考关系. 相似文献
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针对水下传感器网络节点的移动性,以基本VBF(Vector-Based Forwarding Protocol)路由协议为基础,提出了1种适用于水下移动传感器节点的路径优化算法.为了验证此路径优化算法的有效性,分别对基本VBF算法和改进的VBF算法进行了3个模拟实验;从数据包接收成功率和网络负载两方面分析比较了实验模拟结果.比较结果可以看出:文中提出的路径优化的VBF路由协议的数据包成功接收率要优于VBF路由协议,降低了网络负载,并且该优化算法实现简单,不需要增加额外的网络延迟时间. 相似文献
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通过对单点系泊潜标进行动力学分析,利用集中质量法建立系统的动力学模型,编制Matlab仿真程序,通过数值模拟获取不同海流条件下,分析潜标系统的姿态。文中将一个典型潜标系统的浮球、锚链、重力锚等部件,利用集中质量法简化为节点,通过模拟真实环境中的海流流速在垂直方向的分布,设计1～5 m/s的流速剖面分布。将节点的物理参数和海流参数代入仿真程序中,得到各节点的姿态、节点间张力以及重力锚与海底摩擦力等数据。分析仿真结果,海流流速与节点的偏降、节点间的张力以及重力锚与海底的摩擦力成正比,仿真结果与实际情况相符。文中设计的建模方法和仿真程序可以为单点系泊潜标的总体设计、姿态估算、锚系配置提供工程参考。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献