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1.
在不规则半日潮为主的河口,半日和全日周期的分潮簇在很大程度上影响了潮位的振幅。但当潮波向三角洲河网内部传播时,由于不同周期分潮簇的振幅沿程变化速率存在差异,特别是半月周期分潮簇振幅作用得到增强,使得不同周期分潮簇对河网内潮位分布的影响具有明显的区域性特征。通过珠江三角洲河网一维水动力模型得到研究区域内高频且长周期的潮位资料,基于小波分解重构出主要周期分潮簇的振幅,采用谱聚类图像分割算法,通过像素分割计算确定综合相似度,从图像学等角度论证了不同周期分潮簇与复杂河网潮位分布的空间关联性。研究发现,半日和全日周期的分潮簇影响了复杂河网口门潮位振幅的量值,但半月周期的分潮簇却影响了复杂河网整体潮位分布的形态特征。 相似文献
2.
珠江三角洲网河区径流潮流相互作用分析 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：5
在大量实测资料基础上采用小波分析方法对珠江三角洲网河区径流与潮汐的相互作用进行分析,得出如下结果:网河区潮差和潮位的周期变化既有典型潮汐的半日周期和全日周期以及半月周期,也有径流量的周期变化如64.8 d的周期变化,即同时具有径潮的周期变化.不同河段潮差及各分潮波振幅与径流量的大小具有明显的反相关关系,径流量越大,潮差越小,三水站潮差随流量以-0.0002的速度减小,网河区下游河段则减小得较慢.上游径流量越大,因克服径流的阻碍作用而消耗的能量越大,潮汐作用强度迅速减弱,各分潮潮波振幅和潮差沿程减小越快.随着径流量的增大,三水站潮簇D1,D2和D4的振幅明显减小,D2的振幅衰减得最快. 相似文献
3.
本文以实测资料为依据,利用时间序列功率谱的方法,分析大亚湾湾口冬季的海流波动特点,得出了本海域海流波动是以半日分潮潮流为主的半日分潮、全日分潮和浅海分潮潮流共存的波动形式,其振幅表层大于底层等结论。文中还指出了半日分潮、全日分潮和浅海分潮潮流波动振幅变化的特征。 相似文献
4.
应用MIKE数值模拟软件,采用无结构三角形网格,建立一套计算区域包括整个渤海、黄海、东海以及东海大陆架和琉球群岛的高分辨率数值模型,考虑了实际水深和岸线,外海开边界采用西北太平洋大模型结果的潮位提供,模拟了东中国海潮波的波动过程,对潮波垂直运动过程进行调和分析,得到了渤海、黄海、东海的M2,S2,K1,O1以及N2,K2,P1,Q1八个主要分潮的传播和分布特征。利用中国沿海14个潮位站的调和常数对模型结果进行了验证,验证结果显示模型较为准确可靠。研究结果表明:4个主要半日潮(全日潮)在渤、黄、东海的传播情形基本相似,即潮波在渤海、黄海、东海沿岸的传播性质上类似沿岸开尔文波的传播形态,并且成功再现了计算海域的4个半日分潮无潮点和2个全日分潮无潮点。全日潮振幅各无潮点附近振幅最小,而海湾的波腹区振幅最大,东海潮差呈现近岸方向振幅大、离岸方向振幅小,浙闽沿海振幅也较大,黄海振幅相对较小,渤海振幅在辽东湾和渤海湾顶最大,两个无潮点周边振幅较小。 相似文献
5.
风暴潮增水是风暴潮与天文潮相互作用理论研究的基本内容,也是风暴潮预报中的重要问题。最大余水位的产生机制对于提高预报精度及海岸带防护有着重要意义。为研究全日潮海域风暴潮增水中的全日扰动和半日扰动,对Horsburgh与Wilson的风暴潮余水位模型进行了改进和扩展,建立了包括多个分潮的余水位分解方法并将其应用于防城港站,对台风"启德"和"山神"影响下的潮位过程进行了分析。结果显示,建立的余水位的分解方法对于全日分潮和半日分潮有良好的适用性。由于高频分潮产生机制的复杂性,该方法对高频分潮应用尚需进一步研究。在全日潮的防城港海域,全日扰动与半日扰动具有相同的量级,二者的和约占总增水的15%~19%。台风过程不同,相位变化项和局地变化项对增水的贡献有较大差异。 相似文献
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7.
用 T_TIDE 潮汐分析工具对青岛港口2019 年1—12 月逐时潮高资料进行不同时段的调和分析,计算其调和常数,并总结该港口潮汐特征。从 2019 年全年的调和分析结果中选择不同分潮建立调和预报模型,对2019 年1 月的潮高进行预测,通过相对误差、判定系数结果分析,确定最优调和预报模型。结果表明:青岛港口为正规半日潮港,以太阴主要半日分潮 M2分潮为主,其次为太阳主要半日分潮 S2 、太阴主要椭率半日分潮 N2 、太阴-太阳赤纬全日分潮 K1和太阴赤纬全日分潮 O1等分潮;对比不同时间长度的分潮振幅及平均海平面,可知其与用于调和分析的潮位资料长度几乎无关。分潮由5 个增加至24 个可明显改进预报效果,再增加几乎没有改进,故选用24 个分潮为最优的调和预报模型。为验证模型具有良好的实用性,对五号码头的实测潮汐数据进行分析预报,进而可知建立的模型能够较好地预报青岛港附近海域的潮汐变化。 相似文献
8.
台湾海峡及其邻近海域潮汐数值计算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
建立二维潮波模式,模拟了台湾海峡及其邻近海域(18-30°N,110-130°E)八个主要分潮(M2、S2、K1、O1、P1、Q1、K2、N2),并利用中国大陆及环台湾岛20多个潮位站的实测资料进行验证,计算结果与实测值吻合良好.此外,给出了八个主要分潮的同潮图,并逐个讨论了潮汐特征.结果显示:⑴台湾海峡中的潮波运动是北部蜕化了的旋转潮波系统和南部的前进潮波系统共同作用的结果.⑵半日分潮南、北两支潮波在台湾海峽中部汇合,而全日分潮则在台湾海峽南部海域汇合后继续朝西南方向传播.⑶半日分潮振幅最高值发生在福建省湄洲湾—兴化湾一带,全日分潮最高值则出现在雷州半岛以东一带近岸海域.⑷N2、K2和O1、P1、Q1分潮的振幅、迟角分布分别同M2与K1分潮的整体分布趋势相似. 相似文献
9.
马六甲海峡是亚洲东南部的重要海峡通道,沟通太平洋和印度洋,具有重要的经济和战略地位.本文利用马六甲海峡及其毗邻海域验潮站的实测水位资料,分析了马六甲海峡及马来半岛东岸的潮汐特征.研究表明,半日分潮平均振幅最大的区域位于马六甲海峡内部,而全日分潮平均振幅最大的区域为马来半岛的东海岸.马六甲海峡内部以正规半日潮为主,马来半岛东侧则为混合潮港,北部为不正规全日潮,南部则为不规则半日潮.半日分潮M2,S2和全日分潮K1在马六甲海峡内的传播为自西北向东南,而全日分潮O1则为自东南向西北方向.马来半岛东岸的半日潮传播方向以中部的Cendering站为分界线,南、北两部海区分别向南、向北相背传播,而全日潮传播方向相同,统一为自北向南. 相似文献
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11.
长江河口的潮波传播受到近岸及河口浅水地形及长江径流的显著影响,表现出很强的时空变化特征。已有相关研究主要关注徐六泾以下的河口段,还缺少对河口系统的潮波特征分析。本文基于大通、南京、徐六泾和牛皮礁4站的年内连续潮位资料,分析了主要天文分潮和浅水分潮的振幅沿程变化、季节变化特征和规律,认识到洪季大径流对江阴以上的近口段潮汐衰减作用显著大于枯季,而河口段的平均潮差有一定的半年周期变化,年内秋季最大。口内高频浅水分潮振幅在河口下段最大,且洪季大于枯季,低频浅水分潮则在河口上游振幅最大,由此反应径流对潮汐改造的非线性作用。这些认识可为水道航运及相关河口研究提供基础认识。最后本文也指出关于长江河口潮汐特征尚需进一步研究的若干问题,以期下一步工作取得相应进展。 相似文献
12.
Tidal currents observed in a surface layer overlying deep water in Sagami and Suruga Bays frequently have large amplitude in summer and fall. Numerical experiments show that the current amplitude due to the surface tides is below 1.0 cm sec–1 for the semidiurnal and diurnal constituents in the inner region of the two bays. The observed current amplitudes are larger than the calculated ones due to the surface tides. Therefore, the observed tidal currents are indicated to be due mainly to the internal tides. In addition, the semidiurnal currents dominate the diurnal currents in Sagami Bay, while the opposite occurs in Suruga Bay. These results suggest that the prevailing periods of the internal tides differ between the two bays,i.e., the internal tide has a semidiurnal period in Sagami Bay and a diurnal period in Suruga Bay. 相似文献
13.
Time series of velocity and water temperature were measured at three stations on the continental shelf, on the shelf margin and on the slope off the northwest Tokunoshima in December 1980 to study influences of the slope on tides.Tidal currents with semidiurnal periods were dominant at the stations on the shelf and shelf margin. However, semidiurnal components in temperature fluctuations were dominant at the stations on the shelf margin and the slope. We estimated horizontal currents due to semidiurnal internal tides from the vertical distribution of water density and temperature, assuming that the temperature fluctuations were caused by the vertical displacement of water particles due to semidiurnal internal tides. The tidal ellipses at the station on the shelf and the phase relation of the tidal currents between the two stations on the shelf and shelf margin indicated that the M2 surface tide on the shelf was a Sverdrup wave propagating to the northwest.Semidiurnal tidal currents on the slope were also caused by tides of surface and internal modes. Furthermore, the axis of the tidal ellipse was not perpendicular to the co-tidal line estimated by Ogura (1934) but rather parallel to the isobaths on the slope, which shows a striking effect of the bottom topography on the tidal currents. 相似文献
14.
Masaji Matsuyama Suguru Ohta Toshiyuki Hibiya Haruya Yamada 《Journal of Oceanography》1993,49(6):683-696
Current measurements carried out at the depth of 4 m above the sea bottom near the northern edge of the Suruga Trough in the early fall of 1985 indicated the existence of strong semidiurnal tidal currents, which were considered to be associated with internal tides. In order to examine the spatial structure of the bottom intensified tidal flow, more detailed current observations were carried out at three or four depths at two stations along the main axis of the Suruga Trough during about 70 days from August to October 1988. We obtained the following results: (1) the variations of the current velocity caused by the semidiurnal and diurnal internal tides are evident in all of the records, and the orientation of the major axis of each tidal ellipse nearly coincides with that of the main axis of the trough; (2) the semidiurnal internal tide is dominant over the diurnal internal tide at 4 m above the sea bottom at both stations; (3) at the northern station the semidiurnal internal tide is dominant over the diurnal internal tide, whereas they are nearly equal at the southern station except at 4 m above the sea bottom; (4) the biharmonic internal tides with 1/3 day and 1/4 day periods, are found near the sea bottom and the major axis of the tidal ellipse is perpendicular to the orientation of the main axis of the Suruga Trough. 相似文献
15.
Luni-solar tides affect Earth's rotation in a variety of ways. We give an overview of the physics and focus on the excitation of Earth rotational variations by ocean tides under the conservation of angular momentum. Various models for diurnal and semidiurnal tidal height and tidal current fields have been derived, following a legacy of a number of theoretical tide models, from the Topex/Poseidon (T/P) ocean altimetry data. We review the oceanic tidal angular momenta (OTAM) predicted by these T/P models for the eight major tides (Q1, O1, P1, K1, N2, M2, S2, K2), and their excitations on both Earth's rotational speed variation (in terms of length-of-day or UT1) and polar motion (prograde diurnal/semidiurnal components and retrograde semidiurnal components). These small, high-frequency effects have been unambiguously observed in recent years by precise Earth rotation measurements via space geodetic techniques. Here we review the comparison of the very-long-baseline-interferometry (VLBI) data with the T/P OTAM predictions. The agreement is good with discrepancies typically within 1 – 2 microseconds for UT1 and 10 – 30 microarcseconds for polar motion. The eight tides collectively explain the majority of subdaily Earth rotation variance during the intensive VLBI campaign Cont94. This establishes the dominant role of OTAM in exciting the diurnal/semidiurnal polar motion and paves the way for detailed studies of short-period non-OTAM excitations, such as atmospheric and oceanic angular momentum variations, earthquakes, the atmospheric thermal tides, Earth librations, and the response of the mantle lateral inhomogeneities to tidal forcing. These studies await further improvements in tide models and Earth rotation measurements. 相似文献
16.
南麂岛附近海域潮汐和潮流的特征 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
以2008年冬季在浙江近海南麂岛附近投放的4个底锚系观测的水位和流速资料为依据,分析了潮汐和潮流特征。水位谱分析结果显示半日分潮最显著,全日分潮其次;近岸的浅水分潮比离岸大。水位调和分析结果表明:潮汐类型均为正规半日潮,近岸处的平均潮差大于3m,最大可能潮差大于6m,潮汐呈现出显著的低潮日不等和回归潮特征。流速谱分析结果显示半日分潮流最强,全日分潮流其次,且比半日分潮流小得多;近岸浅水分潮流比远离岸显著。流速调和分析结果表明:潮流类型均为正规半日潮流,靠近岸的两个站浅水分潮流较显著;最显著的半日分潮流是M2分潮流,其最大流速介于0.32～0.48m/s之间,全日分潮流均很弱,最大流速小于0.06m/s。M2分潮流均为逆时针旋转,椭圆率越靠近海底越大;最大分潮流流速分布为中上层最大、表层略小、底层最小;最大分潮流流速方向的垂向变化很小,底层比表层略为偏左;最大分潮流流速到达时间随深度的加深而提前,底层比中上层约提前30min。潮流椭圆的垂向分布显示这里的半日分潮流以正压潮流为主;日分潮流则表现出很强的斜压性。 相似文献
17.
Hideo Inaba 《Journal of Oceanography》1981,37(4):149-159
Current measurements were conducted 10 m below the sea surface near the head of Suruga Bay intermittently from 1970 to 1978.
The circulation pattern is usually counterclockwise; northward along the east coast (off Heda and at the mouth of Uchiura
Inlet), westward along the north coast (off Fuji), and southwestward along the west coast (off Shimizu).
The amplitudes of the four major tidal constituents of current variation, M2, S2, K1 and O1, are much larger than those expected from sea level variations along the coast. The amplitudes of the diurnal constituents
of current variation are much larger than those of the semidiurnal constituents, while the amplitudes of the semidiurnal constituents
of sea level variation are much larger than those of the diurnal constituents. The observed amplitude of the predominant diurnal
constituents exhibit large seasonal changes and tend to increase with the development of the stratification of the upper part
of the water in Suruga Bay. These facts strongly suggest that the observed current variations are mainly associated with internal
tides in Suruga Bay. 相似文献
18.
Observations of the spatial distribution of salinity and tidal salinity fluctuations along the length of the Fleet are presented and different structures are identified with different freshwater runoff conditions. The salinity distribution appears to be the result of a balance between weak tidal flushing and a small freshwater input. A tidal exchange box model is developed to represent this weak balance and is able to reproduce the semidiurnal, fortnightly and seasonal fluctuations of salinity. By use of the tuned model, estimates are made of the flushing times of different segments of the lagoon, the distribution of water from particular stream inputs, and hence their polluting potential, and the likely effect on the salinity structure of changes in the tidal regime which could result from sediment deposition. 相似文献
19.
The effects of tidal currents (i.e., barotropic and internal tides) are important in the biogeochemistry of a coastal shelf sea. The high-frequency of currents and near-bottom temperatures collected in three consecutive southwest monsoon seasons (May, June, July and August of 2013 until 2015) is presented to reveal the role of the tidal currents to the temperature variability in the coastal shelf sea of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM), south of the South China Sea (SCS). The results of a spectral density and harmonic analysis demonstrate that the near-bottom temperature variability and the tidal currents are influenced by diurnal (O1 and K1) and semidiurnal (M2) tidal currents. The spectral density of residual currents (detided data) at 5, 10 and 16 m depth also shows significant peaks at the diurnal tidal frequency (K1) and small peaks at the semidiurnal tidal frequency (M2) indicating the existence of internal tides. The result of the horizontal kinetic energy (HKE) shows a strong intermittent energy of internal tides in the ECPM with the strongest energy is found at 16 m depth during a sporadic cooling event in June and July. A high horizontal cross-shore heat flux (16 m) also indicates strong intrusions of cooler water into the ECPM in June and July. During the short duration of cold pulse water observed in June and July, a cross-wavelet analysis also reveals the strong relationship between the near-bottom temperatures and the internal tidal currents at the diurnal tidal frequency. The intrusion of this cooler water is probably related to the monsoon-induced upwelling in June. It is loosely interpreted that the interaction between the strong barotropic tides and the steep slope in the central basin of the SCS under the stratified condition in southwest monsoon has generated these internal tides. The dissipation of internal tides from the slope area probably has driven the cold-upwelled water into the ECPM coastal shelf sea when the upwelling intensity is the highest in June and July. 相似文献