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孔庆凯 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(2)
本文讨论如下时滞型微分方程解的渐近性: u~(n)+f(t,u(t_0(t)),u′τ_1(t)),…,u~(n-1)(τ_(n-1)(t)))=0, (E)其中τ_i(t)≤t,lim τi(t)=∞,i=0,1,…,n-1,且 |f(t,u_0,u_1,…,u_(n-1))|≤sum from i=0 to n-1 φ_i(t)g_i(|u|/τ_i~(n-i-1)(t))或 |f(t,u_0,u_1,…,u_(n-1))|≥sum from i=0 to n=1 ψ_i(t)h_i(|u|/τ_i~(n-i-1)(t)) 我们关心如下两个问题: (P_1)方程(E)的所有解满足u~(n-i)(t)/t~(i-1)→α_i当t→∞,且(E)有解使得α_i≠0,i=1,2,…,n-1; (P_2)对任意的多项式sum from i=1 to n-1 (k_i/i_!)t~i,方程(E)存在一个解u(t)使得u~(m)(t)-sum from i=m to n-1 (k_i/(i-m)_!)t~(i-m)→0当t→∞,m=0,1,…,m。我们得到了一些使(P_1)及(P_2)成立的充要条件和必要条件。 相似文献
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在-2℃至35℃的整个海洋温度范围和0至42‰S盐度范围内测量准确已知盐度的海水样品电导率和同温度下标准海水电导率的比值R_(s.t.o)。盐度S<35‰的海水样品是由蒸馏水准确重量稀释标准海水制备的,快速蒸发标准海水制备高盐度海水样品继而重量稀释到已经确定的<35‰S范围。推导出了非常准确地表示1～42‰S和全部温度范围内的S与R_(s.t.o)关系式,即 S=f_1(R_(s.t.o)) f_2(R_(s.o,t.)t)=sum from n=0 to 5 a_1R~(a/2) △t/(1 k△t)sum from n=0 to 5 b_nR~(n/2)式中△t=t-15℃,R=R_(s.t.o),只有第一项f_1要求15℃。也确定了温度对标准海水电导率的影响,用t的四次方程非常准确地表示温度t时的电导率的比值的r_(tt)(C_(35.t.o)/C_(35.15.o)),即:(?)_t=sum from n=0 to 4 C_nt~n 这两个方程足以满足常压下所有盐度测量。 相似文献
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孔庆凯 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(3)
考虑两类带有分布型超前或滞后量的方程 (Ⅰ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)+φ, (Ⅱ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)-φ.其中β(t)>a(t),t+a(t)→∞(t→∞),f(x)和φ(u)是满足某些条件的非线性函数。 本文给出了方程(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)的所有解振动的若干充分性判定定理。作为应用,我们又讨论了如下方程的振动性,并给出了相应的判定准则。 (Ⅲ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)+φ[sum from i=1 to n a_i(t)f(x(t+τ_i(t)))], (Ⅳ)x'(t)=a(t)x(t)-φ[sum from i=1 to n a_i(t)f(x(t+τ_i(t)))] 本文的结果是张炳根的若干结果的推广。 相似文献
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海水中镉在针铁矿、赤铁矿、无定形水合氧化铁上分配的分级离子交换等温线 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本实验主要做了海水中镉与水合氧化铁(三种形式)相互作用的pH曲线和等温线,实验结果主要为:(1)发现一类有一个“拐点”或两个“平台”的海水中的新型等温线;(2)用分级离子交换理论解释了这类等温线;(3)并进而导出了相应的等温方程式;(4)提出用作图法求得了相应的平衡常数K1和K2;(5)由离子交换率(%)-pH曲线得知,镉以CdCl+形式在水合氧化铁上进行阳离子交换,并详细研究了实验条件的变化对曲线的影响. 相似文献
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本文研究了海水中氨基酸对金属离子M(Ⅱ)-δ-MnO_2离子交换的影响。实验结果表明,在pH=1—8.5时,较高浓度(20.00ppm)谷氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸以及低浓度(0.20ppm)组氨酸对Cd(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ)-δ-MnO_2离子交换没有影响,而较高浓度(20.00ppm)组氨酸则有较大影响,其影响程度是Cu(Ⅱ)>Cd(Ⅱ)>Zn(Ⅱ),该序列与胺抑制影响因子F_A(ψ)序列相同。这进一步证明氨基酸在δ-MnO_2表面脱羧成胺,然后胺通过与M(Ⅱ)络合和表面吸附来抑制M(Ⅱ)-δ-MnO_2离子交换。加入氨基酸时的M(Ⅱ)-δ-MnO_2离子交换等温线仍为L-F-3型,且可用表面分级离子交换理论之等温式描述。 相似文献
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WANG Hu ZHOU Huaiyang PENG Xiaotong YANG Qunhui QIN Chaomei YIN Xijie CHEN Guangqian 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(1):37-46
Samples of sediments and the overlying water were collected in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone, the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary (ZE). Denitrification rates, sediment oxygen demand (SOD) , and fluxes of inorganic nitrogen compounds were investigated with N2 flux method, using a self-designed continuous flow through and auto-sampling system. The results indicate that the denitrification rates varied between 222 and 908 μmol/(m2·h) with an average of 499 μmol/(m2·h). During incubation, the sediments absorbed dissolved oxygen in the overlying water with SOD ranging from 300 to 2 363 μmol/(m2·h). The denitrification rates were highly correlated with the SOD (r2 =0.77) regardless of the NO3- + NO2- concentrations in the overlying water, organ- ic carbon contents in sediments and water temperature, suggesting that the SOD was probably the main environ-mental factor controlling the denitrification in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone. There was a net flux of NO3- + NO2-into the sediments from the overlying water. The NH4+ flux from sediments into water as the result of mineraliza-tion was between 12. 3 and 210. 3 μmol/(m2·h) ,which seems limited by both organic carbon content in sedi-ment and dissolved oxygen concentration in the overlying water. 相似文献
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本文在海水中锌与三种形式的水合氧化铁相互作用之pH曲线和等温线两方面取得如下主要结果:(1)实验发现了一类有一个“拐点”或两个“平台”的海洋化学上的新型等温线;(2)用分级离子交换理论解释了这类等温线;(3)基于上述理论导出了与实验结果吻合的等温线方程式;(4)用作图法求出了相应的平衡常数H_1和H_2;(5)由离子交换率(％)-PH曲线知,镉以CdCl~ 的形式在水合氧化铁上进行阳离子交换。并详细研究了实验条件的变化对曲线的影响。 相似文献
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为研究低亚临界雷诺数Re情况下错列角度θ对不等直径双柱体绕流特性的影响,利用Fluent软件模拟了Re为3 900、间距比G/D为2.0、直径比D/d为0.5、θ=0°~180°之间9种角度的绕流过程,得到了流场涡量图、斯特鲁哈数St_1和St_2、平均阻力系数C_(d1)和C_(d2)以及平均升力系数C_(l1)和C_(l2)。研究结果表明,随着θ的从小到大,St_1先增大后减小,且在θ=30°和180°时有两个值,St_2在θ=120°~150°时明显小于其它角度;C_(d1)和C_(d2)的整体趋势都是先增大后减小,C_(l1)在θ=150°时取得极大值,C_(l2)在θ=30°时取得极小值。θ=0°时,两柱后方有单一涡脱落形态;θ=30°时,小柱后方有稳定漩涡脱落产生,大柱后方涡脱落受到干扰,且大柱有两个涡脱落频率;θ=45°~90°时,在间隙流的作用下,两柱后方均有漩涡脱落,尾流中有两列涡街;θ=120°~180°时,大柱后有稳定漩涡脱落,小柱涡脱落受到抑制。研究结果可为相关海洋工程设计提供参考。 相似文献
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线性时滞微分方程解的振动准则 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
武冬 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,32(6):1023-1029
建立线性时滞微分方程x (t) ∑ni=1 pi(t) x(t- τi(t) ) =0 , t≥ to的所有解振动的新准则。当 pi(t) ,τi(t) (i=1 ,2 ,… ,n)均为常数时 ,条件是充分必要的。 相似文献
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The present study is based on the materials collected from the middle waters of the South China Sea between 12°-15°N and 111°-118°E during May to July in 1978.The biomass of the phytoplankton (Y, dependent variable) is established to give the biomass of each Species and the environmental factors (i. e. water temperature, salinity, oxygen, silicate and phosphate contents), X1,X2...,X139tt are independent variables that are used to stepwisc regression analysis. Accordicg to the mathematical tests and the practical experience by which a lot of species are deleted and added to the equation, the authors consider that the 4th equation as shown below is optimal one for the model of the biomass on the phytoplankton from this waters.The optimal equation refers to text. 相似文献
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本文讨论了在声学应答测距和相位测量中,时间和相位测量的随机误差与信噪比之间的关系,给出了时间测量的均方根误差:σ_t=2/(πB)[(A~2)/N]~(-1/2),以及在各向同性的限带白噪声场中鉴相信号的均方根误差为:σ_(?)=[(BNo)/(A~2)]~(1/2)。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2021,(8)
沉积物是海洋生态系统磷循环的载体之一,铁氧化物作为海洋沉积物活性组分的重要部分,对磷在沉积物上的吸附解吸有着重要贡献,进而影响着磷在沉积物-水界面的交换。本文利用自行合成的α-Fe_2O_3和无定形氧化铁,研究了无机磷(以KH_2PO_4为例)在其上的吸附特征,并考察了离子强度等对该吸附过程的影响。结果表明,无定形氧化铁对无机磷的吸附平衡时间较短且吸附量较大,这与其较差的结晶度,较大的比表面积有关。无机磷在氧化铁上的吸附等温线符合Freundlich吸附等温式,研究发现两种铁氧化物的吸附热力学函数均为ΔH~θ0,ΔG~θ0,ΔS~θ0,说明整个吸附过程是吸热、自发、熵增加的过程;随着离子强度的增大,无机磷在两种铁氧化物上的平衡吸附量增加,吸附pH边曲线实验发现,无定形氧化铁对无机磷的吸附量随着pH的升高而减小。 相似文献
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1 INTRoDUcTIONThe study results from Nov. 1986 to Aug. 1990 in sea area (ll5"E - 165"E, 20"N -l0"S) during TOGA experiments, indicated that there were outstanding responses of differenceof partial pressure of CO, between sea and air (APCO,) and total dissolved concentrationof CO, (TCO,) to El Nino and La Nina in NW region of the Western Tropical Pacific,including the cruise lines from ll4ofy 22"N to l30"E, l8"N and that from l8"N to 8"N,along l30"E. The characteristics of dis… 相似文献
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~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb are increasingly used to constrain particle dynamics in the open oceans, however they are less used in coastal waters. Here, distributions and partitions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb were examined in the Taiwan Strait, as well as their application to quantify particle sinking. Activity concentrations of dissolved ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb(0.6 μm)ranged from 1.21 to 7.63 dpm/(100 L) and from 1.07 to 6.33 dpm/(100 L), respectively. Activity concentrations of particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb varied from 1.96 to 36.74 dpm/(100 L) and from 3.11 to 38.06 dpm/(100 L). Overall,particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb accounted for the majority of the bulk ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb. 210 Po either in dissolved or particulate phases showed similar spatial patterns to 210 Pb, indicating similar mechanisms for controlling the distributions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb in the Taiwan Strait. The different fractionation coefficients indicated that particles in the Zhemin Coastal Current(ZCC) inclined to absorb 210 Po prior to 210 Pb while they showed an opposite effect in the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC). Based on the disequilibria between ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb, the sinking fluxes of total particulate matter(TPM) were estimated to range from –0.22 to 3.84 g/(m2·d), showing an overall comparable spatial distribution to previous reported sediment accumulation rates. However, our sinking fluxes were lower than the sedimentation rates, indicating a sediment resuspension in winter and horizontal transport of particulate matter from the Taiwan Strait to the East China Sea. 相似文献
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孔庆凯 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1987,(1)
本文研究以下竞争模型: (S’=d(S’+dc(t))-SD(t)S-sum from i=1 to n(mi/yi)fi(s)Xi X’_i=mifi(s)Xi-Di(t)Xi i=1,2,…,n) 其中s’>b>0,D(t)(>0),Di(t)(>0)和e(t)都是概周期函数,|e(t)|<1,)D(t)dt=d.mi>0,fi(s)是连续增加函数,且fi(0)=0,fi(+∞)=1。我们得到了一系列种群由于缺少营养物质或竞争而灭种的充分条件。进一步,我们也说明了在竞争中取胜的种群将永远生存下去。 作为一个特例,对带有概周期系统的Michaelis-Menten系统,本文给出了关于种群灭种的较为简易的鉴别法。 相似文献