共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
根据现有规范公式计算的海塘越浪量存在一定程度的风险,它主要来自越浪量计算参数的不确定性。对影响海塘越浪量计算不确定性的3种主要因素进行了分析,在此基础上给出了用M on te C arlo方法进行海塘越浪量风险模拟的步骤。一个实例海塘的计算结果表明:按《浙江省海塘工程技术规定》(1999)公式计算的海塘越浪量存在很大的不确定性,海塘越浪量分布在0.044~0.069 m3/(s.m),大于最大允许海塘越浪量[0.05 m3/(s.m)]的概率为88.93%。因此,对重要海塘的越浪量进行物理模型试验验证是十分必要的。 相似文献
3.
4.
通过对不同几何结构和护面材质的海堤开展大量组次物理模型试验,得出越浪水体强烈的剪切力导致的后坡侵蚀和护面块体滑动被证明是海堤失稳的主要触发因素。建议工程标准和规范中考虑越浪流速和剪切力,将有利于溃堤风险的评估和预判。然而实验数据显示,海堤在越浪强度递增过程中的受压达到峰值的先后顺序为堤顶-挡浪墙-后坡。因此,瞬时水动力冲击导致的疲劳性破坏可能是另一种溃堤机理,虽没有在试验中出现,但需要时刻警惕。不同于广泛使用的允许越浪量,本项工作提出了针对我国沿海典型海堤类型的溃堤越浪量阈值建议值。这使得通过经验公式计算和预测溃堤风险变成可能。溃堤越浪量很大程度上受护面材质、后坡坡度和挡浪墙高度影响,但在试验中没有体现对堤顶宽度的敏感性。试验结果表明,对于相同的海堤结构和堤顶高程,相对于没有挡浪墙的海堤增设挡浪墙有可能是对海堤稳定性的一种降低。但这还需要进一步被其他研究者和工程师讨论验证。 相似文献
5.
鉴于《港口与航道水文规范》(JTS145—2015)中缺少扭王字块体斜坡堤越浪量的计算方法,因此开展相关的试验研究对规范发展和工程设计具有重要意义。在基于FLUENT软件的数值模型中,通常采用多孔介质区中的系数C来模拟斜坡上扭王字块体的消浪作用,而确定每种工况系数C的取值是实现数值模拟斜坡堤越浪量的关键。借助物模试验率定出所有工况的系数C,通过单一变量分析,发现C值随波陡、相对水深、相对坡肩宽度及相对块体尺寸的增大而增大,随相对堤顶超高及相对胸墙高度的增大而减小,综合以上影响因素,得出不同坡度下系数C的计算关系式。研究成果不仅丰富了规范内容,还为相关的工程设计提供了参考。 相似文献
6.
不同掩护程度弧形胸墙波压力及越浪量试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了明确斜坡堤弧形胸墙越浪量及波压力的变化规律,采用波浪水槽试验测量了弧形胸墙的越浪量和波压力。试验从斜坡堤弧形胸墙前的掩护程度等因素入手对弧形胸墙的返浪效果及波压力进行初步研究,得出不同掩护程度弧形胸墙的越浪量及波压力,发现掩护程度越好,弧形胸墙所受波压力越小;半掩护情况下越浪量最小,为实际工程设计提供了依据。 相似文献
7.
为合理确定防浪建筑物的越浪量,基于含非静水压力梯度项的非线性浅水方程建立了近岸波浪越浪数值模型。通过采用域内造波、消波并结合波前静压假定的破碎模型,模拟了规则波和不规则波在斜坡上的波浪传播变形,并在此基础上进行了越浪量数值计算。数值计算结果与物理模型实验结果表明,非静压模型可合理地描述波浪破碎点位置、破碎后的波高、增减水以及斜坡上的堤后越浪量。数值模型具有较高的计算精度和计算效率,可为实际工程防浪建筑物越浪以及堤顶高程的设计提供一种新的数值研究手段。 相似文献
8.
越浪式发电装置具有结构稳定、可靠性高等优点。在前人的研究基础上,对越浪式波能发电装置的模型进行了优化设计,通过模型实验研究了该波能发电装置在不同波况、不同干舷高度下对波能的俘获能力以及结构的受力情况。对越浪量的试验结果进行了无量纲分析,分别得出了越浪式模型装置的越浪量关于干舷高度和波高的指数函数拟合曲线,总结了两者对越浪量影响的普遍规律。通过对规则波和不规则波波浪作用下装置受力结果的归纳总结,探讨了波能装置波压力和浮托力变化的一般规律。本研究可为越浪式波能发电装置的研究提供参考依据,为波浪能的利用提供一定的参考价值。 相似文献
9.
10.
浙江省海塘塘顶高程的确定 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
介绍了浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定时所涉及的波浪爬高，越浪量等的计量，同时分析了1997年后浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定的方法，由已建海塘的塘顶高程分析可见，在背水坡和塘顶有保护措施的情况下，采用允许最大越波流量来控制海塘塘顶高程，可适当降低塘身高度。 相似文献
11.
基于非静压单相流模型NHWAVE建立了高精度数值波浪水槽。通过设计不同的计算工况,系统研究了非淹没刚性植物对海啸作用下海堤周围水动力特性的影响。着重分析了不同入射波高、不同植物分布密度以及不同植物分布宽度条件下海啸波沿程波形特征以及海堤堤顶越浪流空间分布特征。结果表明:不同入射波高、植物分布密度以及植物宽度条件下,堤顶流厚度和水体流速具有明显单调的变化趋势,并且随着植物分布密度和宽度增大,波能衰减增大;随着入射波非线性增强,植物分布密度和分布宽度对堤顶前段水流厚度的影响也随之增强,而对堤顶后段水流厚度的影响则减弱,且堤顶后缘水流厚度约为堤顶前缘厚度的二分之一;在波浪非线性较大情况下,植物的存在对堤顶流速度的空间分布趋势几乎没有影响,但相对堤顶流速度增加程度均大于无植物情况,且堤顶后缘水流速度约为堤顶前缘的1.6倍。 相似文献
12.
Combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee with a trapezoidal cross section was studied in a two-dimensional laboratory wave/flow flume at a nominal prototype-to-model length scale of 25-to-1. The goal of this study was to develop design guidance in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Time series of water depth at two locations on the levee crown and flow thickness at five locations on the landward-side slope were measured along with horizontal velocity near the landward edge of the crown. New equations are presented for average overtopping discharge, distribution of instantaneous discharge, and distribution of individual wave volumes. Equations are also given for mean flow thickness, RMS wave height, mean velocity, and velocity of the wave front down the landward-side slope. 相似文献
13.
基于计算流体力学软件的三维数值模拟技术,分析了碟形越浪式波能发电装置的越浪性能,通过构建基于水气两相VOF(Volume of Fluid)模型的三维数值波浪水槽对该装置进行三维数值模拟研究,数值计算结果与物理试验结果相互对比验证较为吻合,验证了所构建的三维数值波浪水槽的可靠性,通过考察装置的坡度、导流叶片个数、干舷高度对越浪性能的影响确定装置的最优结构参数。结果表明,在装置的斜坡面边缘增加回流板可减少波浪的反射,提高装置的越浪性能。在数值模拟中将装置的斜坡面边缘处安装回流板对碟形越浪式波能发电装置参数进行优化,通过分析回流板的长度对装置越浪性能的影响来探索最优回流板长度。 相似文献
14.
The rate of wave overtopping of a barrier beach is measured and modeled. Unique rate of wave overtopping field data are obtained from the measure of the Carmel River, California, lagoon filling during a time when the lagoon is closed-off with no river inflow. Volume changes are based on measured lagoon height changes applied to a measured hypsometric curve. Wave heights and periods are obtained from directional wave spectra data in 15 m fronting the beach. Beach morphology was measured by GPS walking surveys. Three empirical overtopping models by Van der Meer and Janssen (1995), Hedges and Reis (1998) and Pullen et al. (2007) with differing parameterizations on wave height, period and beach slope and calibrated using extensive laboratory data obtained over plane, impermeable beaches are applied in a quasi-2D manner and compared with the field observations. Three overtopping events are considered when morphology data were available less than 2 weeks prior to the event. The models are tuned to fit the data using a reduction factor to account for beach permeability, berm characteristics, non-normal wave incidence and surface roughness influence. In addition, the run-up model by Stockdon et al. (2006) based on field data is examined and found to underestimate run-up as the calculated values were too small to predict any of the observed overtopping. The three overtopping models performed similarly well with values of 0.72–0.87 for the two narrow-banded wave cases, with an average reduction factor of 0.78. The European model (Pullen et. al., 2007) performed best overall and in particular for the case of the broad-banded, double peaked wave spectrum. 相似文献
15.
WANG Deng-ting JU Lie-hong ZHU Jia-ling WANG Zhen SUN Tian-ting CHEN Wei-qiu 《海洋工程》2017,31(3):350-356
In this paper, domestic and abroad research progresses and related calculation formulae of the mean overtopping discharge are summarized. Through integral physical model experiments, the relation between the wave direction and the overtopping discharge on the top of the sloping dike is focused on and put into analysis and discussion; and a modified formula for mean overtopping discharges under oblique irregular waves is proposed. The study shows that the mean overtopping discharge generally goes down as the relative wave obliquity β increases for a fixed measurement point and the mean overtopping discharge generally increases as the wave steepness H/L decreases (the cycle increases) for a fixed relative wave obliquity. 相似文献
16.
Numerical study of combined overflow and wave overtopping over a smooth impermeable seawall 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A numerical wave flume is used to investigate the discharge characteristics of combined overflow and wave overtopping of impermeable seawalls. The numerical procedure computes solutions to the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and includes the generation of an irregular train of waves, the simulation of wave breaking and interaction with a sloping, impermeable wall. The numerical model is first tested against published experimental observations, approximate analytical solutions and empirical design formulae for the cases of pure overflow and pure overtopping. A sequence of numerical experiments simulating combined overflow and overtopping are described. The results are used to determine empirical discharge formulae of the form used in current practice. 相似文献
17.
A series of hydraulic model tests are carried out to investigate random wave run-up and overtopping on smooth, impermeable single slope and composite slope. Based on analysis of the influences of wave steepness, structure slope, incident wave angle, width of the berm and water depth on the berm and the wave run-up, empirical formulas for wave run-up on dike are proposed. Moreover, empirical formula on estimating the wave run-up on composite slope with multiple berms is presented for practical application of complex dike cross-section. The present study shows that the influence factors for wave overtopping are almost the same as those for wave run-up and the trend of the wave overtopping variation with main influence parameters is also similar to that for wave run-up. The trend of the wave overtopping discharge variations can be well described by two main factors, i.e. the wave run-up and the crest freeboard of the structure. A new prediction method for wave overtopping discharge is proposed for random waves. The proposed prediction formulas are applied to case study of over forty cases and the results show that the prediction methods are good enough for practical design purposes. 相似文献
18.
Green water overtopping analyzed with a SPH model 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Wave overtopping on the decks of offshore platforms and ships can cause severe damage due to the high forces generated by the water. This phenomenon is analyzed within the framework of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The presence of a fixed horizontal deck above the mean water level modifies strongly the wave kinematics. In particular, the flow in the wave crest is split into two, showing a different behavior above and below the deck. Numerical results generated by the SPH method are compared to laboratory experiments. The formation of a jet in the rear of the deck after overtopping is observed under extreme conditions. 相似文献