共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
为了能够利用遥感图像快速准确地提取围海养殖矢量信息,本文选取养殖水体、堤坝及育苗室等交错分布的海参围海养殖区域作为研究区域,根据研究区域Sentinel-2遥感影像的光谱特征,选用归一化差异水体指数（Normalized Difference Water Index,NDWI）、改进归一化差异水体指数（Modified Normalized Difference Water Index,MNDWI）和增强水体指数（Enhanced Water Index,EWI）三类水体指数,分别进行提取实验,利用同时期高空间分辨率的高分二号卫星（GF-2）影像作为参考,验证不同方法的提取精度,精度评价结果表明：相较MNDWI和EWI两类水体指数,NDWI的分类精度更高,且利用NDWI提取研究区域的围海养殖信息的效果更好,所以该方法可在养殖区域的动态监测和规划管理中发挥数据支撑作用。 相似文献
2.
以山东半岛3处连岛沙坝-潟湖(朝阳港潟湖、镆铘岛潟湖和林家流潟湖)为研究对象,利用1979—2009年间4期TM/ETM+遥感影像数据,提取了上述潟湖30 a间的变化信息,并应用分形方法讨论了潟湖岸线的复杂度。结果表明,总体上潟湖岸线趋于平直,其复杂度降低,稳定性增加,具体表现为:(1)朝阳港潟湖面积增加;青矶岛西沙嘴向东迅速淤积延伸,每年达30 m左右;东沙嘴随着口门不断东移而蚀退;沙坝长宽比增大;由于水产养殖的增加,导致淤积严重,水体变浅,潟湖逐渐走向衰亡。(2)镆铘岛潟湖面积变化不大;东沙嘴长度基本不变,宽度变窄,长宽比增大;潟湖南部被改造成水产养殖区,呈稳定状态;潟湖北部被开垦成盐田,流向潟湖北部的主流槽变窄、变浅,淤积严重,生态环境恶化,逐渐走向消亡,将演化成潟湖平原。(3)林家流潟湖面积增加;楮岛沙坝长宽比有所增大,岸线长度增加;潟湖西南部淤积;口门变窄,纳潮量聚减,趋势是发展为内陆湖泊。 相似文献
3.
以国产天绘一号01星多光谱4波段影像为数据源,针对大范围水体提取难度大的问题,提出基于归一化水体指数(NDWI)和单波段阈值法的匹配生长算法。采用NDWI水体指数法提取完整的海洋水体和内陆部分水体,将内陆部分水体与单波段阈值对应位置完整的水体做匹配,再通过连通区提取、掩膜运算获得完整的水体分割二值图。采用两景遥感影像(大连和芝罘)进行实验,并与经典水体提取算法进行对比分析。实验结果表明:该法总体精度在90%左右,Kappa系数在0.8左右,对经典提取算法有了显著改善。在大范围提取水体信息时效果较好,提取水体的同时能有效减少陆地阴影造成的干扰,在海陆边界处,陆地轮廓清晰,较好的将陆地和海洋分割开来。 相似文献
4.
海岸线是海洋的重要组成部分,对于海域管理具有重要意义。本文根据岸线位置确定原理,即将多时相瞬时水边线上边界近似作为海岸线,提出了一种基于多时相水边线的海岸线自动提取方法,该方法应用区域生长与边缘检测相结合的方法提取瞬时水边线,然后采用海岸线自动判别算法进行海岸线的提取。首先计算归一化水体指数（normalized difference water index,NDWI）图像,利用区域生长算法进行海陆分割,得到海陆分割二值图;然后利用Canny边缘检测对海陆分割结果进行边缘检测,得到瞬时水边线;最后利用海岸线自动判别算法得到多时相瞬时水边线上界作为海岸线。本文以马六甲海峡部分海岸作为研究区域,应用多期Landsat 8遥感影像进行了海岸线提取和分析。为验证海岸线提取精度,对获取时间接近高潮时的一景哨兵二号影像进行目视解译得到人工解译的海岸线,与本文提取海岸线进行对比。结果显示,本文算法得到的海岸线平均偏移量和均方根误差分别为21.01 m和21.96 m,能够满足30 m分辨率遥感图像的精度要求,相比采用单景影像提取海岸线,精度有明显提高。 相似文献
5.
《海洋湖沼通报》2020,(4)
采用1986年7月、1996年7月、2006年7月和2016年7月的4期Landsat数据,利用归一化水体指数模型(NDWI)和修正归一化水体指数模型(MNDWI)提取山东微山湖水域面积,研究近年来微山湖湖面的动态变化。以最大似然分类结果作为标准,验证了用NDWI和MNDWI模型提取面积的精度,得出NDWI模型所提取的湖泊面积更符合实际情况,湖泊总面积从1986年的1338.41km~2减少到2016年的1233.26km~2,缩小了8.5%,到2000年后期微山湖面积基本稳定在1200km~2左右。然后利用湖泊面积动态模型分析了微山湖面积变化及其驱动机制,结果表明近年来随着温度的逐年升高,降雨量呈献出不稳定的变化趋势,加上大量的蒸发等综合作用,导致了微山湖面积的缩小。多年来微山湖流域内随着人口数量的增加、耕地面积以及建筑面积的不断扩张导致需水量逐渐增大,这也是导致湖面面积减少的主要原因之一。开展微山湖湖面时空动态变化及其驱动机制研究,对于湖泊生态系统的保护具有重要的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
6.
冰面水体是冰盖物质平衡的重要组成部分,在全球气候及环境变化研究中发挥着重要的作用。本文以格陵兰岛北部为研究区,选取该研究区消融期内不同时相的WorldView-2影像,对区域内典型地物统计分析其光谱特性,构建了针对冰面水体的归一化水体增强指数NEWI（Normalized Enhanced Water Index。依据影像上地物分布规律和直方图图形特征,对冰雪混合物和冰面水体边缘地带灰度值相似的模糊区域定位,增强区域间地物对比度,提取出冰面水体的精细范围。实验结果表明,本研究所提出的指数有效凸显了冰面水体与非水体的反射率差异,与常用的水体指数NDWI等相比,在冰川环境下,提高区分度方面优势明显。通过精度评价可知,本文方法所提取出的冰面水体精细化程度高,提取结果完整,错误率低。本研究对冰面水体信息增强及精细化提取具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
7.
8.
近岸水体与人类生产、生活密切相关,航空高光谱遥感以其高分辨率、灵活等优点在环境监测中颇具潜力,尤其是在近岸水色、海岸带环境的实时监测中更具优势。基于与中国海监南海航空支队合作开展的航空高光谱遥感飞行实验资料,以湛江东海岛陆海区域为例,开展该海域水体遥感信息提取及分类研究。以不同地物遥感反射率信息为特征,通过光谱信息直方图进行了该海域水体信息提取方法探索。研究结果表明,湛江港及近海水体与陆地在近红外区域有较大区分度,直方图统计获得的最佳分离阈值可以很好地提取水体信息,但在水陆交界区域提取精度较低。在近红909.7 nm处,遥感反射率分割阈值为10.27%,水体提取精度为84%,kappa系数为0.686 2。 相似文献
9.
《海洋技术学报》2024,(1)
“宝钢湛江项目”的实施对近十年湛江东海岛的地物分布产生剧烈影响，尤其是工业用地。本文基于2013 年、2017 年和2021 年的陆地卫星8 号（Landsat-8） 数据对湛江东海岛进行地物分类，研究该区域近十年的用地变化趋势。以2013 年数据为参照：采用归一化水体指数（Normalized Difference Water Index，NDWI） 模型和谱间关系模型实现水陆分离，比对选择分离效果较优者以提取东海岛岸线；对比最大似然法、神经网络法和支持向量机法3 种监督分类方法，选择提取地物效果最优者应用于其余数据。基于Google earth 在线地图及无人机实测数据构建验证点集，使用混淆矩阵进行精度评价。结果表明：谱间关系模型的水陆分离效果较优，提取海岛岸线的精确度有明显提升；支持向量机法的分类总体精度和Kappa 系数最高，分类结果能较好地反映研究区的真实地物分布；汇总三年数据的分类结果，发现用于发展工业的土地面积增长突出且处于持续增长趋势。谱间关系模型与支持向量机法分别实现了对东海岛岸线和地物类型的准确提取，得出近十年研究区的用地变化趋势，能为研究区的用地规划提供参考。 相似文献
10.
《海洋通报(英文版)》2016,(2)
由于快速的城镇化发展和工业化发展,对许多国家来说,海岸线的提取对于可持续发展和环境保护尤为必要。本文集中研究如何准确的在卫星图片上获取的海岸线—即瞬时水边线。基于归一化差异水体指数NDWI和二次改进的归一化差异水体指数MNDWI,本研究改变了波段组合并提出了二次改进的归一化水体差异指数SMNDWI。通过把新的指数SMNDWI和传统的水体指数应用到三种不同的海岸类型,来比较分析在不同的海岸类型下SMNDWI和传统水体指数的效果。结果显示SMNDWI适用于水边线的提取且分离水体和背景效果比传统水体指数要好。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
18.
19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献