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荷兰海洋区域地质填图现状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文在介绍荷兰海洋区域地质填图的历史和现状的基础上，分析了荷兰海洋区域地质填图工作的需求分析与评价。并讨论其与社会发展，经济建设的客户关系。 相似文献
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简要介绍了加拿大海洋－海岸带地质调查的推动力和基本经验，以及即将启动的“海底资源填图计划”（SeaMap)。加拿大海洋－海岸带地质调查强调多波束测深技术的应用、多学科的协作和数据库建设，SeaMap将对整个加拿大专署经济区进行综合填图。 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,(3)
国土资源部副部长蒋承菘在出席青岛“2 0 0 1海洋科技与经济发展国际论坛”会议之后 ,于2 0 0 1年 7月 1 7日上午 ,专程视察了青岛海洋地质研究所。蒋承菘副部长在刘守全所长的陪同下先后参观了所图书馆、海洋沉积开放研究实验室、网络中心 ,在学术厅同青岛海地所中层干部及正高职称科研人员见面 ,并就海上国土资源大调查、青岛海地所的发展方向作了精辟的阐述和指导。他指出 :国土资源大调查海区的工作仍相当薄弱 ,大比例尺的海区填图、海洋资料的数据库建设、海洋与大陆相联系的综合研究等海洋地质工作应加强 ,即海洋的基础地质工作应提到… 相似文献
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荷兰西邻北海 ,背靠欧洲腹地 ,是海洋产业十分发达的一个低地国家 ,全国有一半的土地位于海平面以下。长期以来 ,在与海洋的斗争中 ,荷兰人民积累了认识海洋、治理海洋的丰富经验 ,是世界上海洋科学和海洋技术相当先进的国家之一 ;在海岸带综合治理方面 ,更居于世界领先地位。荷兰人民对我国十分友好 ,中荷两国在地球科学领域有着长期合作的历史。今年 5、6月间 ,我局 1 5位专家应邀赴荷兰代尔夫特参加海洋区测培训班。该培训班由荷兰国际教育合作基金会 ( NUFFIC)资助 ,荷兰地质调查局 ( TNO- NITG)组织实施 ,为期 3周。1 4位荷兰专… 相似文献
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《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(3):134-134
青岛海洋大学李广雪教授、青岛海洋地质研究所杨子赓研究员主编的1：200万中国东部陆架及邻近海域沉积环境图，2004年11月将由科学出版社印刷出版，海洋地质杂志社参与该图的编辑和出版工作。 相似文献
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海洋地质图是海洋地质领域以野外地质勘查为基础,通过一系列技术处理所取得的成果图件,服务于整个社会的经济建设和科学发展。随着地理信息技术与数据库技术的快速发展,编图技术日趋成熟。但目前的现状是编图工作仍延续传统的思维,利用地理信息系统软件编制的数字成果图只是一幅纸质成果图的电子形式对等物,后续还得耗费大量时间用于数据的整理入库,造成编图工作与数据管理的脱节,工作效率低下。面对这种现状,笔者以成图建库一体化为思想,设计了海洋地质编图与数据管理一体化系统,用以规范成果图件的制作流程,架起海洋地质成果图编制与数据库建设之间的桥梁,推动海洋地质调查成果图数据的规范性、标准性和统一性。 相似文献
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荷兰海洋区测中十分重视数据库建设和信息化方法的应用，荷兰海洋区测数据库包括3类不同的层次，如项目级数据库Archive management system、部门级数据库IMKMG和企业级数据库DINO。数据库技术的使用保证了区调成果的重复利用（Re-use）和可持续使用（Sustainability），是荷兰区调顺利完成以及成果得以广泛应用的重要技术基础。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献