共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
西南印度洋中脊是典型的慢速扩张洋中脊之一。对采自西南印度洋中脊50°E附近的7件玄武岩和蛇纹石化橄榄岩样品所作的分析表明,基性玄武岩类SiO2含量为43.72%～48.40%,TiO2含量较少,为1.14%～1.52%;MgO含量为5.96%～10.98%;TFe2O3含量为4.55%～5.2%;Mg#值为0.53～0.64,里特曼指数σ为2.34～20.10。微量元素Zr/Nb和Y/Nb比值为显示N-MORB的性质,但是其他微量元素的比值(Ba/Nb,Ba/Th,La/Nb,Nb/U,Nb/Pb)均不显示正常洋中脊玄武岩的特征,微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示强烈富集K和Pb,亏损Nb,稀土元素显示较为平缓的分配模式。超基性蛇纹石化橄榄岩的主量元素特征为SiO2为38.91～45.49;TiO2含量为0.02～0.28;MgO含量很高,为36.87～40.61,TFe2O3含量为2.82～3.91,Mg#值为0.92～0.94。微量元素中Ni,Cr的含量很高,原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示橄榄岩强烈富集K和Pb,Ba,Th,La,Ce,Ti中等程度富集,而亏损Nb,Sr。稀土元素总量较低,标准化曲线显示轻稀土元素富集模式。结合地球化学特征及前人研究资料分析认为,西南印度洋中脊的基性岩和超基性岩属同源性质,其原始地幔物质可能为部分正常洋中脊亏损地幔混染了陆壳或远洋沉积物的结果。 相似文献
2.
山东栖霞桃村地区出露中生代中酸性火山-侵入杂岩,对采自桃村地区青山组下段的中酸性火山-侵入岩以进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。桃村地区的中酸性火成岩的地球化学特征为:高钾低钠,高铝低镁;Cr,Co,Ni含量较低,Sr/Y及(La/Yb)N比值很高;微量元素蛛网图显示富集不相容元素K,Rb,Ba和Th,以及不相容元素Ce,Hf和Ti,亏损高场强元素Ta,Nb以及P;轻重稀土元素分馏程度高,具有类似埃达克岩的性质。综合分析其地球化学特征显示,青山组下段中酸性杂岩为增厚的下地壳熔融,这种地壳的增厚作用可能由古太平洋板块俯冲作用引起,而在俯冲作用过程中青山组中酸性杂岩的源岩被俯冲沉积物混染。 相似文献
3.
滇西腾冲新生代火山岩岩石地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
腾冲新生代火山岩位于印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞带附近,但是喷发时大洋已经闭合,属于大陆板内火山岩。对其进行地球化学研究,可以用来划分构造属性和推测岩浆来源。采用XRF和ICP-MS对典型岩石样品进行了较系统的岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,岩石类型有玄武质粗面安山岩、粗面安山岩和玄武安山岩,属高钾钙碱性系列;岩石化学显示高K2O、CaO和低TiO2,Mg#较高,平均约为46;稀土元素分布呈右倾,显示明显的Eu负异常;相对于原始地幔富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,并具有明显的Th正异常;地球化学组成总体上与岛弧岩浆岩相似,推测其成因与印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲引发的岩浆活动有关。特征元素比值显示岩浆可能来源于与俯冲作用相关的EMⅠ型地幔。 相似文献
4.
《海洋地质前沿》2020,(3)
闽北近岸岛屿(大嵛山岛、浮鹰岛及东台山岛)晚中生代火山岩以凝灰岩、流纹岩类为主,偶见中基性安山岩类。大嵛山岛西北部火山岩定年结果为(100.2±1.7) Ma,可对应闽东上火山岩系石帽山群黄坑组,西部及东部火山岩定年结果为(116.7±1.5) Ma和(111.4±2.0) Ma,可对应闽东下火山岩系小溪组。主量元素结果显示该岛屿以酸性(SiO_2含量65%)火山岩为主,钾含量较高,主要为高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩。稀土元素配分图表现为轻稀土富集的右倾型特征,微量元素蛛网图表现出富集Rb、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Ta、Nb、Ti等高场强元素(HFS),Eu负异常,具有明显的壳源特征。两阶段Nd模式年龄(T_(2DM))为1 401～1 327 Ma,表明岩浆可能主要来源于中元古界陆壳物质。Pb同位素特征显示与富集地幔EMⅡ存在亲缘关系,表明研究区火山岩岩浆可能主要来源于与俯冲作用有关的大陆地壳物质。小溪组和黄坑组火山岩Sr同位素初始比值(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i分别为0.710 13～0.711 10和0.722 82,~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd值分别为0.512 208～0.512 214和0.512 267,ξNd(t)值分别为-6.1～-6.0和-5.2,表明两组火山岩岩浆来源存在差异,可能存在不同程度的幔源物质混合作用。结合区域构造背景认为,研究区晚中生代火山岩的形成与太平洋板块俯冲作用密切相关,具有板内及火山弧特征。 相似文献
5.
韩宗珠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1989,(4)
本文首次对我国石榴石橄榄岩类岩石进行系统的岩石学和地球化学研究。通过对大别山地区两个不同类型岩体中的石榴石橄榄岩的岩石学、岩石化学、矿物化学和稀土元素地球化学研究,表明这类岩石属钙碱性系列超基性岩;与地幔成分相比,富集易熔元素,亏损难熔元素;利用矿物地质温压计估算其形成压力为2×10~9pa,成岩温度为600～700℃具有正铕异常和轻稀土元素富集特征 推测为地壳下部的超基性岩经深成变质而成。 相似文献
6.
出露于浙江省江绍对接带内印支晚期花岗岩呈NNE向产出,锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明其形成于230~220Ma。地球化学分析显示该系列岩石富K_2O和Al_2O_3,低Na_2O和MgO,为准铝质-过铝质的钾质-钾玄质花岗岩。岩体氧化物与SiO_2呈明显的负相关,反映浙江省印支期侵入岩的原始岩浆可能的同源性。岩体富集Th、La、Ce等大离子亲石元素及轻稀土元素,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等高场强元素,轻重稀土分馏明显,(La/Yb)_N=12.87~140.02,δEu=0.1~0.7,具高的10~4×Ga/Al值及Zr、Nb、Ce、Y含量,为板内A型花岗岩的特征。岩石有较高的I_(Sr)值(0.7069~0.7203)和较低的εNd(t)值(-14.9~-4.1),其二阶段Nd同位素模式年龄为1.33~2.21Ga。地球化学特征指示浙江印支期花岗岩是伸展环境下,具有壳幔作用和地壳物质的部分熔融而形成。结合该区发现的同期基性岩墙群,说明浙江境内在230Ma构造环境转换已经完成,板内沿古碰撞带拉张伸展和陆内裂谷作用,超基性-基性-碱性岩浆的底侵形成壳幔作用及部分熔融地壳物质。 相似文献
7.
南黄海千里岩榴辉岩对研究华北板块和扬子板块碰撞缝合线有重要意义。千里岩榴辉岩变形作用较弱,经历了多期退变质作用。千里岩榴辉岩原岩为拉斑系列的玄武岩,与大别苏鲁造山带榴辉岩相似。千里岩榴辉岩微量与稀土元素配分模式均与大别苏鲁造山带榴辉岩有较大差异。千里岩榴辉岩大离子亲石元素相对于N-MORB富集,高场强元素特征与N-MORB基本一致,无Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti负异常;稀土元素配分形式为LREE亏损的左倾型。千里岩榴辉岩主微量元素判别图与微量元素特征值均指示其形成的构造环境为弧后盆地。榴辉岩的207Pb/204Pb比值不同于华北板块而接近扬子板块,继承性锆石(747±19)Ma的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄说明其原岩经历了仅在扬子板块有记录的晋宁期热事件。该区所在的千里岩隆起区代表了扬子板块的基底。 相似文献
8.
华北东部青岛地区煌斑岩广泛发育,其岩石成因、构造环境等方面研究程度较低。本文通过研究其岩石学和地球化学特征,讨论岩浆的源区性质、形成的构造环境,进而推断研究区的地质演化过程。研究区内煌斑岩的SiO2含量(W(SiO2))为39.13%~51.26%,属于钾玄质碱性岩。样品的稀土元素整体表现出轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的特征,Ce和Eu异常(分别用δCe和δEu表示)不显著。样品微量元素总体表现出大离子亲石元素(Ba、K、Pb)和轻稀土元素富集(LREE),而高场强元素(Nb、Ta和Ti)亏损的特征,具有典型的俯冲特征。源区为三叠纪时北向俯冲的扬子板块析出的熔体,交代上覆华北板块地幔橄榄岩而形成的地幔交代岩。白垩纪时,俯冲带岩石圈大范围坍塌,软流圈上涌形成伸展环境,地幔源区发生部分熔融,岩浆上升侵位形成煌斑岩。 相似文献
9.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(5)
分析了南海西南海域表层沉积物的微量元素和稀土元素组成,结果表明,这些沉积物与大陆上地壳相比,具有相对低的Zr、Sc、V、Nb、Hf、Th、REEs含量,而Co、Cu、Ni、Ta、Rb、Cs、Sr、Ba的含量稍高;深海区表层沉积物比陆坡区具有较高的Co、Zr、Sc、V、Nb、Hf、Ta、Th和REEs,陆坡区表层沉积物相对高的生物碎屑组分对这些元素起到了一定程度的稀释作用。因子分析和相关分析显示绝大部分微量元素和稀土元素主要受陆源组分的控制,Th、Cr、Co、Sc、Nb、Zr、Hf和REEs等不活动元素之间的比值特征,并没有受到风化作用、海流搬运作用和海洋自生组分稀释作用的影响,较好地保存了源岩的化学组成特征。因此,南海西南海域表层沉积物的La/Sc、Th/Sc、Th/Cr、Th/Co比值和稀土配分曲线特征,指示这些沉积物的源岩具有陆壳成分的特点,以长英质岩石为主,缺乏深源的基性和超基性岩,火山碎屑物质成分很低,其源区主要为南海西部的印支大陆。陆架区和深海区表层沉积物具有十分相近的微量元素和稀土元素组成特征,指示它们的碎屑物质来源较为相同。 相似文献
10.
本文对东太平洋海隆赤道地区北部和南部的9件玄武岩样品进行了详细的岩相学和主量、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素分析研究,结果表明:MgO含量为7.32%~10.22%,Na_2O为3.03%~3.59%,K_2O为0.23%~0.57%,CaO为10.96%~12.39%,Al_2O_3为11.40%~13.76%,该区玄武岩均属于亚碱性玄武岩,具有MORB型的稀土及微量元素特点,原始岩浆均经历了橄榄石和斜长石的分离结晶。轻重稀土元素含量均较低,LREE/HREE比值为0.61~0.97,(La/Yb)N比值为0.72~1.76,(La/Sm)N比值为0.60~1.30,(Gd/Yb)N为0.99~1.16。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征更接近NMORB,其中,87Sr/86Sr和143 Nd/144 Nd比值更接近DM源区,而Pb的三种同位素比值要明显高于DM源区,更为接近EM源区。研究表明岩浆起源于尖晶石橄榄岩区,来源于较为亏损的地幔,NEPR玄武岩可能混有HIMU源区,SEPR玄武岩除了混合有HIMU成分外,可能还有少量的EMⅡ成分。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献