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1.
长江口最大浑浊带是陆海交汇的核心区域,其航槽是扼海-河联运的咽喉,悬沙峰的涨落潮周期变化深刻影响航槽的稳定性。本文利用长江口南槽上、中、下段3个站点枯季小潮和大潮的流速、盐度、悬沙平均粒径和悬沙浓度的实测资料,分析最大浑浊带悬沙峰特征及其动力机制。发现:流速和滩槽交换增强导致大潮平均悬沙浓度比小潮增加了0.78—1.97倍,絮凝也导致憩流底层悬沙浓度增加8%左右,但流速和絮凝与悬沙浓度的关系均非线性。大小潮盐度梯度与底层悬沙浓度关系呈现高线性相关关系,表明盐度梯度强化或突变是泥沙再悬浮形成悬沙峰的主要动力。 相似文献
2.
2012年1月在长江口北港、北槽和南槽水域纵断面开展枯季多船准同步观测,将获得的大小潮悬浮泥沙和盐度数据与1982年12月同水域调查结果进行对比分析。结果表明:2012年长江口最大浑浊带枯季悬沙浓度比1982年减小了约50%;北港、北槽、南槽相近测点的大潮垂向平均悬沙浓度相较于1982年分别减小了43%、60%和40%,2012年长江口表层平均悬沙浓度与1982年相比减少了约53%。北港断面浑浊带核心与1982年浑浊带核心位置相近;北槽浑浊带核心向内迁移;南槽浑浊带核心位置向外迁移。2012年与1982年枯季遥感反演的长江口同水域表层悬浮泥沙浓度也明显降低。在30年来入海泥沙持续减少背景下,长江口3条入海主汊的最大浑浊带特征依旧显著,径流与潮流的此消彼长、径流的季节分配不同以及口内汊道分流分沙比的变化影响了长江口最大浑浊带核心的移动,浑浊带悬沙浓度最高的地段也是盐度梯度最高的地区。 相似文献
3.
最大浑浊带水体悬沙时空变化过程是河口沉积动力学研究的核心内容之一。利用2013年6月16—24日在长江口南槽最大浑浊带自小潮至大潮连续9天的逐时定点水文及悬沙观测资料,分析南槽最大浑浊带悬沙垂向变化特征及影响机制,由此加深对长江口最大浑浊带形成及变化的理解。主要结果包括：(1)南槽最大浑浊带悬沙平均粒径为3.52～18.84μm。从小潮到大潮、从表层水体到底层水体,悬沙粒径逐渐增大,水体含沙量逐渐增大,含沙量为0.12～2.29 g/L。(2)水体流速呈现自下而上、自小潮到大潮逐渐增大的态势,与悬沙粒径的关联度较好;而水体盐度呈现自上而下、自小潮到大潮逐渐增大的态势,与悬沙含量的关联度较好。(3)南槽最大浑浊带水体悬沙垂向变化涵括两种控制机制：涨落潮作用引起的底沙再悬浮控制水体悬沙约7 h的周期性变化;涨潮流挟带的口外泥沙絮凝形成的絮团在涨潮流和重力作用的影响下引起水体悬沙出现约14 h的周期性变化特征。 相似文献
4.
基于椒江河口大、小潮期间水位、流速、盐度和悬沙浓度观测数据,研究了椒江河口主潮汐通道的水动力、盐度和悬沙浓度的时空变化特征,解释了高浊度强潮作用下的层化物理机制。椒江河口大潮期悬沙浓度和盐度均大于小潮期,主潮汐通道区域落潮期悬沙浓度大于涨潮期;盐度随潮变化,盐水锋面出现在S2测站,锋面附近出现最大浑浊带;自陆向海,悬沙浓度递减,盐度递增;随水深增加,悬沙浓度与盐度递增。Richardson数与混合参数显示,盐度和悬沙引起的层化现象,是随着潮汐的变化而变化,涨潮时的层化均强于落潮,小潮时的层化持续时间最长,区域更广。混合参数随潮周期变化,大潮期高于临界值1.0,小潮期低于临界值1.0。小潮期水体层化强于大潮期;潮汐应变项是影响势能差异变化率的重要因素;落潮期间层化向混合状态转化,涨潮相反。 相似文献
5.
长江口悬沙动力特征与输运模式 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本项研究用ADCP在长江河口进行高频、高分辨率三维流速和声学浊度的定点观测,通过对定点站位潮周期内的悬沙浓度、流速和盐度的分析,计算悬沙输运率;悬沙输运机制分析表明平流作用、斯托克斯漂移效应在悬沙输运中占据主导地位.此外,从河口内向河口外,潮周期内的水动力特征与悬沙净输运具有明显的地域性差异,主要表现在悬沙输送的贡献因子、盐度的垂向混合和分布特征、垂向流速等方面.在拦门沙下游和口外地区,悬沙均向西、北方向输送,而拦门沙上游则向东、南方向输送.这种悬沙输运格局,对于长江口拦门沙及附近最大浑浊带的形成有着重要的作用. 相似文献
6.
基于潮沟定点观测的潮间带水、沙、盐交换研究——以长江口九段沙一潮沟为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究潮间带和潮下带的水、沙、盐交换,于夏、秋两季在长江口九段沙一典型潮沟的固定点利用OBS-3A和ADP-XR进行了水深、浊度、盐度、流速流向剖面和回声强度观测。结果表明:(1)夏季大潮、冬季中-大潮、冬季小潮的潮周期垂向平均流速分别为26.5、15.9和8.4cm/s,夏、冬季观测到的最大流速分别为84cm/s和35cm/s。(2)夏季盐度变化范围为0.65—4.91,平均盐度2.14;冬季盐度变化范围为3.5—10.3,中-大潮和小潮平均盐度分别为6.26和7.98。(3)高悬沙浓度出现在涨潮初期和部分落潮末期的低水位阶段;涨潮阶段的平均悬沙浓度是落潮阶段的1.11—7.0倍。(4)涨、落潮阶段的水体和盐输运量大体上趋于平衡;(5)无论是冬夏季或大小潮,潮沟在潮周期内的净输沙方向均指向陆,即落潮输沙量小于涨潮输沙量(平均小40%);平均每个潮周期内净输沙量为6102kg,结合潮盆面积推算的潮周期沉积速率为0.0112mm/tide,或8.2mm/a。 相似文献
7.
长江河口最大浑浊带的悬沙输移特征 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
根据１９８８年洪、枯季在和长江口南、北槽进行的最大浑浊带专项水文观测的资料，对悬沙输移的分项因子进行研究。结果表明，长江口最大浑浊带的悬沙输移过程存在明显的潮泵效应及强烈的悬沙、底沙双向交换；长江口南、北槽之间存在一个大尺度的平面环向悬沙输移，同时南、北槽自身还有次一级尺度的槽内平面环向悬沙输移。本文还探讨了最大浑浊带与拦门浅滩相互影响、彼此制约的关系。 相似文献
8.
OBS浊度标定与悬沙浓度误差分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用光学后向散射浊度计OBS-3A,在长江河口南槽进行大小潮周期连续观测。利用OBS室内和现场浊度标定,计算不同潮时OBS观测悬沙浓度相对误差,并对影响其观测精度因素进行分析。主要结果有:(1)现场OBS标定R值比室内标定偏低,但也在0.8以上;(2)大潮平均相对误差值变化比小潮大,在悬沙浓度低于1.5kg/m3条件下,大小潮悬沙浓度平均相对误差都在15%以下;(3)悬沙粒径大小是影响OBS观测精度的主要因素,生物、泥沙颜色、水色和水中气泡等因素也对观测结果产生一定影响。 相似文献
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10.
基于ADP-XR和OBS-3A的潮滩水文泥沙过程研究 以胶州湾北部红岛潮滩为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
于2004年8月17~24日在胶州湾北部红岛潮滩上用OBS-3A和ADP-XR观测了水深、浊度、水平和垂直流速、回声强度、波浪、盐度、水温等水文泥沙要素,同时采集了悬沙和底沙样品作粒度分析.结果和结论为:(1)潮流动力较弱,表层和近底层最大流速分别只有31和26cm/s;(2)弱潮流动力导致潮周期大部分时间的悬沙浓度小于30mg/dm3,但浅水阶段近底悬沙浓度为100~1000mg/dm3;浅水阶段的短暂高悬浮泥沙浓度和其余长淹没时段的低悬沙浓度共同构成悬沙浓度的“U”形潮周期过程线;(3)悬沙浓度的垂直成层分布主要发生在潮周期的深水阶段和平静天气;(4)由于潮流弱和风浪的干扰,悬沙浓度未呈现大小潮周期的变化规律;(5)水体盐度为23.6~29.5;(6)淹没期的温度(21.4~28.6℃)比出露期的(19.3~30.9℃)稳定,温度极高值出现在午后出露期,而极低值出现在凌晨出露期;(7)“浅水效应”是弱动力潮滩泥沙运动的重要特点. 相似文献
11.
This paper analyses the global tendency of the sea level rise (SLR) and its long term influence on the sea level upstream drainage cascade based on the example of the level’s variation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea compared to the other lagoons and coastal regions of the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. A steady positive trend in the water level variations was revealed; its magnitude varies significantly depending on the time period. In general, during the 100–150 year period, the rate of the SLR in the lagoons and coastal areas of the Baltic Sea (1.7–1.8 mm per year) is close to the SLR rate in the World Ocean. In the second half of the 20th century, the increased rate of the SLR in the lagoons and marine areas became stronger (up to 3.6 mm per year in the Vistula Lagoon and in 1959–2006 in the sea and exceeded the rate of global ocean SLR). It dramatically increased at the end of the last century both in the lagoons and in the sea (up to 10.0–15.0 mm per year). This is the response not only to the global climate warming but it is likely that it is also a response to the changes of the climate driving forces that influence the regimes of the local wind and precipitation in the catchment. 相似文献
12.
Distribution of Pacific-origin water in the region of the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic Ocean in the summer of 2003 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
1Introduction Besidestheprecipitationandriverdischarges,the watersinthePacificOceanandtheAtlanticOceanare thesourcesoftheArcticOceanwater.TheAtlantic waterenterstheArcticOceanviatheFramStraitand theBarentsSea.Foritsdenserfeatureduetohigh salinity,mostofitsinkstothenorthofSvaldbardand circulatesinallthedeepbasinsintheArcticOcean, formingthedeepandbottomwatersoftheArcticO- cean(Aagaardetal.,1985;Rudelsetal.,1999).The BeringStraitistheonlychannelforthePacificwater toflowintotheArcticOce… 相似文献
13.
1 古新-下渐新统含油气层系 古新-始新统母岩形成于滨海和湖泊沉积环境中，并在大量冲积源的参与之下，促进了含分散有机质混合类型砂-黏土质陆源岩层的堆积。在中国东北诸盆地中，含工业油气的白垩-早第三纪建造形成于开阔的浅水和深水湖泊环境中。与中国的盆地类似，在下第三系下部 相似文献
14.
Causes of the bottom hypoxia in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland in the baltic sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A. A. Maximov 《Oceanology》2006,46(2):185-191
The data on the bottom concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland obtained in 1923–1939 and in 1962–1989 were analyzed. No statistically reliable differences were found between the two periods studied. It was found that, during the 20th century, the fluctuations in the oxygen concentration were caused by the interannual variability of the winter severity and water salinity. A strong oxygen deficit in the summer was recorded after cold winters, when early freezing suppressed the vertical mixing, and/or in the years of a significant inflow of salt waters from the Baltic Sea with low oxygen contents. It is likely that the long-term dynamics of the oxygen concentration near the bottom in the open parts of the bay is determined by the large-scale variability of the hydrometeorological parameters. 相似文献
15.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The Great Andaman–Sumatra earthquake (GASE) on December 26, 2004, with magnitude Mw of 9.2, occurred in the Indian Ocean near the northwestern... 相似文献
16.
Data on the contents and compositions of the hydrocarbons (HCs)—aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic (PAHs)—are provided
in comparison with the contents of the total organic carbon (Corg), the lipids in the particulates, and the Corg in bottom sediments. Particular attention has been paid to the distribution of the HCs in the water area of the Kravtsov
oil field. It has been established that the concentrations of AHCs in the water are governed by the content of particulates,
and the elevated AHC concentrations are confined to the coastal areas. In the water area of platform D-6, the sandy bottom
sediments were notable for the great variability of the HC concentrations, both laterally and from year to year. In the summer
of 2010, the content of AHCs averaged 40 μg/g (19% in the Corg), and that of PAHs, 23 ng/g. Natural seepage from the sediment mass is considered to be a source of HCs along with oil contamination. 相似文献
17.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
18.
The role of the small-size (SF; 0.1–0.5 mm) and large-size (LF; 0.5–20.0 mm) fractions in the biomass and abundance of mesozooplankton
(0.1–20.0 mm) was assessed using the database of samples obtained during the cruises of RV Akvanavt in the northeastern Black Sea in November 2000 and October 2006. The mesozooplankton was collected by means of Juday nets
(37/50, filtering gauze 160 μm) and Niskin bottles in two areas: (1) the shelf and continental slope (30–1480 m depth) and
(2) the deep sea (depths of more than 1500 m). The plankton net was considerably less effective in collecting the SF of the
mesozooplankton (by a factor of 30–36) than the Niskin bottles. When comparing the SF and LF, we estimated the abundance and
biomass of the SF in the samples obtained with the Niskin bottles. The abundance of the SF in the deep-sea area was 2.5 times
lower compared to the shelf and continental slope, and the LF abundance was 5.0 times lower in the same way. The abundance
of the SF constituted 88% of the total mesozooplankton on the shelf and continental slope, and 78% in the deep-sea area. The
biomass of the SF was higher as well on the shelf and continental slope. Meroplankton played a significant role in the SF
zooplankton abundance (0.5 × 103 + 0.16 ind. m−3) in this area. The SF grazing impact was 10% of the total mesozooplankton grazing on the shelf and continental slope, and
17% in the deepsea area. Appendicularia and nauplii of copepods had the greatest contribution to the mesozooplankton grazing
among the SF group. 相似文献
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近30年来莱州湾滨海湿地景观格局变化特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于莱州湾滨海湿地特征以及野外实地观测数据,利用landsat遥感影像手段,揭示1990-2018年莱州湾滨海湿地景观格局变化特征,并结合景观指数分析莱州湾滨海湿地异质性。结果表明,1990-2018年间,莱州湾滨海湿地呈现人工滨海湿地面积增加而天然滨海湿地面积减少的趋势。截至2018年莱州湾滨海湿地面积总计1954 km2,其中天然滨海湿地面积约811 km2,人工滨海湿地面积约1143 km2,分别占42%和58%,滨海湿地向建设用地转化的趋势明显。斑块数量(NP)、景观形状指数(LSI)等景观指数值逐年增加,表明莱州湾景观格局变化明显且破碎化程度加重。莱州湾滨海湿地不同岸段之间景观格局变化的驱动机制不完全一样,造成其破碎化程度加重的自然驱动力有河口冲淤、降水量变化等;人工驱动力主要为城市建设、港口码头、集约用海区建设、养殖业和制盐业的开发利用等。以期对莱州湾滨海湿地生态系统退化原因、合理利用和优化土地空间布局、采取有效措施保护及恢复滨海湿地提供一定的技术支持。 相似文献