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中太平洋调查区沉积粘土矿物 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过用X射线衍射仪等手段的分析鉴定,确认该区的主要粘土矿物为伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石、绿泥石。蒙脱石在钙质软泥中含量低,在红粘土中含量高,伊利石含量与蒙脱石相反。经综合分析得出两粘土矿物分区。影响粘土矿物分布的主要因素是物质来源。 相似文献
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南投长城湾沉积物中的粘土矿物有绿泥石、伊利石、蒙脱石和高岭石等,其含量与我国近海粘土矿物的含量相差较大。文章还讨论了该区粘土矿物的形成条件及来源。 相似文献
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《应用海洋学学报》2015,(2)
应用X射线衍射(XRD)方法对南通近海137个表层沉积物0.002 mm的粘土组分进行分析,研究了南通近海表层沉积物中粘土矿物的组合特征、分布规律以及物质来源.结果表明,研究区粘土矿物中伊利石相对百分含量最高(70.6%~80.3%,平均值为75.0%),高岭石(9.8%~14.9%,平均值为12.4%)和绿泥石(8.1%~12.4%,平均值为10.3%)次之,蒙脱石含量最低(0~4.0%,平均值为2.3%);粘土矿物组合类型以伊利石-高岭石-绿泥石-蒙脱石型为主,伊利石-高岭石-绿泥石型次之.南通近海表层沉积物中粘土矿物主要为陆源成因,春夏季(5~9月)东北向扩展的长江冲淡水为研究区提供物源. 相似文献
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闽江下游及河口区表层沉积物粘土矿物含量分布特征及其环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究闽江下游及河口区粘土矿物的含量分布特征,于2009年在该区域采集表层沉积物样品25个,利用X射线衍射进行了粘土矿物的含量测定.结果表明粘土矿物的相对百分含量范围分别为：高岭石（33%-47%,平均值为42%）,伊利石（27%-43%,平均值为34%）,绿泥石（20%-29%,平均值为24%）,蒙脱石（0%-3%,平均值为1%）.在显著水平为0.01时,伊利石与高岭石、绿泥石的含量呈显著负相关关系,伊利石与高岭石的相关系数为-0.825,伊利石与绿泥石的相关系数为-0.611.通过对闽江下游及河口区粘土矿物含量分布的分析及与中国近海的粘土矿物含量分布对比,闽江下游及河口区粘土矿物的含量分布受物质来源、地形条件、介质环境、粘土矿物自身颗粒大小形态和人类活动的影响.相对于黄河和长江,闽江表层沉积物中具有较高的高岭石含量,较低的伊利石含量,与珠江的粘土矿物组合特征类似,这反映出气候效应的影响. 相似文献
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南海中部小于2μm粒级的119个表层沉积物样品的分析表明,粘土矿物主要由伊利石、蒙脱石、绿泥石和高岭石组成。伊利石含量占优势,并由西北逐渐向东南方向减少;蒙脱石含量仅次于伊利石,其变化趋势与伊利石相反。根据粘土矿物的分布和组合,认为南海中部沉积物中粘土矿物主要来源于北部的亚洲大陆,其次是南海东部及南部的邻近岛屿。蒙脱石除源于大陆派生的岩石风化物外,主要来自火山物质的蚀变。 相似文献
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应用X射线衍射(XRD)方法对南海北部西侧海域315个表层沉积物<2μm的粘土组分进行分析.结果表明,本研究区粘土矿物有伊利石、绿泥石、蒙脱石和高岭石,其组合特征在不同区域表现出明显的差异.根据粘土矿物的空间分布特征以及研究区的海底地形特征,研究区大致可以分为3个不同区块:A区是珠江口外的大陆架区域;B区是海南岛以东陆架陆坡区域;C区为西沙海槽至西沙群岛附近区域.根据研究区表层粘土矿物分布特征、周围河流供给的主要粘土成分以及洋流搬运作用,发现A区高岭石(平均含量为19%)主要来自珠江,伊利石与绿泥石(平均含量分别为53%和18%)主要由台湾的河流提供,有珠江物质的混合,蒙脱石含量较低(平均含量为10%).B区的高岭石(平均含量为13%)主要由海南岛的河流提供,蒙脱石(平均含量为16%)主要由吕宋岛的河流提供,B区东部的伊利石和绿泥石来自台湾的河流,B区西部伊利石和绿泥石主要来自红河、越南中部河流,海南岛物源亦有贡献.C区高岭石含量较低(平均含量为12%),越南中部河流和红河为C区蒙脱石(平均含量为14%)的主要物源区,C区东部伊利石和绿泥石来自台湾的河流,C区西部伊利石和绿泥石主要来自红河、越南中部河流. 相似文献
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南黄海QC1孔粘土矿物研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
陈正新 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1990,10(3):35-45
QC_1孔粘土矿物主要是伊利石,其次是绿泥石和高岭石,再次为蒙脱石。其组合为伊利石-绿泥石-高岭石型。该孔粘土矿物来自陆源,各种迹象表明,成因多受气候变化所影响,且分布特征与孢粉组合具有良好的对应性。 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2016,(5)
通过对在渤、黄海海域73个站位的表层沉积物中粘土矿物种类和含量分析,研究了渤、黄海表层沉积物粘土矿物的组合类型、分布特征及其物质来源。研究结果表明,渤、黄表层粘土矿物组合为:伊利石、蒙脱石、高岭石、绿泥石,渤海表层粘土粒级沉积物中有方解石存在,黄海表层粘土粒级沉积物中有长石存在。伊利石含量最高,高岭石和绿泥石含量次之,蒙脱石含量最低。伊利石含量在渤海含量高,北黄海含量低,南黄海西高东低;蒙脱石含量在渤海高,在北黄海东高西低,在南黄海西高东低;高岭石含量在渤海低,在黄海高;绿泥石含量分布与蒙脱石相反,在渤海低,在北黄海东低西高,在南黄海西低东高。渤、黄海沉积物主要是入海河流输入的陆源物质,渤海沉积物以黄河物质为主。黄海沉积物主要来自黄海沿岸流携带来的现代黄河物质,老黄河口堆积体受侵蚀而搬运的物质,以及黄海暖流和长江冲淡水带来的长江物质。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
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This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
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Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献