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1.
常规的K-Ar法是基于40K通过K-层电子捕获衰变成40Ar*这一机理,应用衰变定律而定年的。它具有测定对象广、测定年龄范围大等优点,是同位素地质定年的主要方法之一。但是,由于40Ar*是气体,当岩石、矿物形成以后受到搅动时(如岩浆的侵入、构造活动、宇宙物质的冲击等),40Ar*容易丢失,使年龄值偏低。1962年由Sigurgeirsson提出的,后经Merrihue、Turner等人逐步完善的40Ar-39Ar快中子活化定年技术,很好地克服了K-Ar法的局限性。40Ar-39Ar定年分为两种:一是全熔融法(total fusion),样品被快中子照射后一次加热熔融,然后计算年龄,此值与常规K-Ar法结果相当;另一种是阶段加热法(step-heating),被照射的样品从低温到高温被逐步加热,分别计算各温度阶段的40Ar/39Ar视年龄,并进而得到一条年龄谱和一个坪年龄(plateau age)。后一种方法对研究地质体是否受过热的挠动、岩石矿物的早期结晶年代、后期热挠动次数、热挠动年代、岩石矿物对氢的保存性、过剩氩的存在状态等具有独特作用,它开辟了同位素地质年代学的一个新领域。本文将着重介绍应用40Ar-39Ar阶段加热技术研究地球物质及陨石受热历史的某些成果。 相似文献
2.
地球大气圈中40Ar/36Ar的现代比值被公认为295.5,在利用K-Ar法测定地球物质年龄时,它是校正大气氩混染量的重要参数。陨石中原始捕获(trapped)的(40Ar/36Ar)t比值是否和地球大气圈中氩同位素丰度相一致,这个问题不但在地质年龄测定中具有现实意义,而且对探索太阳系的形成和演化也有重要理论价值。近十几年,随着质谱分析技术的提高以及登月计划的实施,国外出现了一批有关月岩中氩同位素原始组分的资料,但至今对陨石中原始氩同位素丰度的报道很少。笔者采用40Ar/39Ar快中子活化技术和约克方程[3,4],对吉林陨石雨2号标本进行了原始捕获的(40Ar/36Ar)t比值进行了测定,并探讨了它的地质意义。 相似文献
3.
核反应35Cl(n,γ)36Cl和37Cl(n,γ)38Cl的最终产物36Ar和38Ar,对40Ar-39Ar定年影响不可忽视,尤其是在测定某些含K量低的沉积成因矿物时更为重要。本文介绍含Cl样品的40Ar-39Ar定年技术及全部数据处理步骤,以及ppm级K、Ca、Cl含量的测定及计算方法。 相似文献
4.
40Ar/39Ar年龄谱是研究陨石冲击事件的重要资料。根据对55块陨石40Ar/39Ar冲击年龄和陨石暴露年龄的分析,发现陨石的冲击年龄与陨石类型之间存在对应关系。据此,将陨石冲击事件划分为九期。其中3900-4000Ma、470-540Ma和小于65Ma是陨石母体的三个重要演化阶段。阶段Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ(冲击年龄大于30亿年)主要涉及高钙型无球粒陨石。所有球粒陨石的冲击年龄均小于30亿年。陨石暴露年龄因类型而异,铁陨石最大,石铁陨石次之,石陨石最小。 相似文献
5.
甘肃花牛山东钾长花岗岩40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄及其地质意义 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19
对甘肃花牛山东复式花岗岩体中钾长花岗岩的钾长石进行了详细的40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄测定,11个加热阶段所获数据构成-条相关关系非常好的直线,其对应的等时线年龄为194.25±1.96 Ma(2σ).40Ar/36Ar初始值为288.87±2.17(2σ),接近于尼尔值(295.5).鉴于该岩体形成之后未受到明显的构造-岩浆活动或其它热事件的影响,因此,194 Ma代表了钾长花岗岩钾长石的形成时代.花牛山东钾长花岗岩是燕山早期构造-岩浆活动的产物.由此推断,花牛山地区构造-岩浆活动时间不是印支期,更不是海西期,而是中生代燕山早期. 相似文献
6.
张八岭地区顺郯庐断裂带由北向南出露了管店、瓦屋刘和瓦屋薛3个岩体,岩性分别为花岗闪长岩、石英二长岩和花岗岩。对其中两个侵入岩体中黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar定年研究。张八岭隆起北段瓦屋刘石英二长岩和瓦屋薛花岗岩中黑云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄分别为127.84±0.77Ma和119.97±0.64Ma,表明岩浆活动主要发生在早白垩世中期。结合最近断裂带内走滑糜棱岩中角闪石143.3±1.3Ma的40Ar-39Ar年龄,暗示了早白垩世中期断裂带内出现岩浆活动时,郯庐断裂带已转变成正断层活动,而不是以往认为由断裂带走滑诱发的岩浆活动,与华北地块东部岩石圈减薄的峰期时间基本一致。 相似文献
7.
通过对大别山东端郯庐左旋韧性剪切带中一系列含白云母、黑云母、斜长石和钾长石的糜棱岩样品40Ar-39Ar同位素年代学研究,发现大别山东端的郯庐断裂带在距今139Ma之前发生过一次左行平移运动,随后转变为伸展活动,由走滑向伸展活动转换的时间介于距今139Ma至128Ma之间。在伸展活动中,大别山东端的郯庐走滑韧性剪切带发生了缓慢的抬升和冷却,从而导致封闭温度较低的矿物记录了较小的年龄。黑云母110Ma±以及斜长石97~92Ma的40Ar-39Ar年龄值指示郯庐断裂带的伸展活动一直持续到距今90Ma±。 相似文献
8.
云南兰坪白秧坪铜钴多金属矿集区矿石中石英的40Ar-39Ar快中子活化年龄谱呈马鞍形,坪年龄为56.53±0.43Ma,最小视年龄为55.52±1.78Ma,等时线年龄为55.90±0.29Ma,三者在误差范围内一致(1σ)。40Ar/36Ar初始值为294.7±1.14,与尼尔值(295.5±5)十分接近,坪年龄和等时线年龄均可作为石英的形成时代。因此,55.90~56.53Ma(喜马拉雅早期)代表了矿床的成矿年龄。 相似文献
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10.
作者对相当于晋宁运动岩浆活动产物的湖北峡东黄陵岩体和江西九岭岩体分别进行了40Ar/39Ar快中子定年。对采自宜昌莲沱地区的黑云母斜长花岗岩体和黄陵庙黑云母花岗闪长岩体的样品测得两条年龄谱,HH-01黑云母的高温坪年龄为893.7±6.7Ma,HH-05角闪石坪年龄为886.4±4.6Ma。对采自江西宜丰黄岗口的九岭岩体中黑云母测得的高温坪年龄为937.1±6.4Ma。从上述三个年龄值,并综合以前测定的晋宁期侵入体的年龄值以及不整合面上覆盖层和基底最上部沉积层的一些年龄值认为,以900Ma作为震旦系底界年龄是合适的。 相似文献
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12.
为了满足K-Ar定年中K和40Ar*分析的质量监控及Ar-Ar法样品在反应堆照射时中子通量监测的需要,我国氩同位素年代学工作者研制了一个K-Ar法年龄标准物质ZBJ角闪石,它采自北京房山花岗闪长岩体。它的40Ar-39Ar阶段加热分析结果表明:40Ar*在矿物晶格中保存均匀稳定,年龄谱平坦,39Ar析出量高达97%。这些证据充分表明该黑云母结晶以后未受过热扰动,40K-40Ar*同位素计时体系封闭良好。坪年龄为133.3±0.6Ma,总气体年龄为134.4±1.4Ma,36Ar/40Ar-39Ar/40Ar反等时线年龄为133.2±0.8Ma,40Ar/36Ar初始值为297.6±4.8,此值与(40Ar/36Ar)a大气氩丰度比(295.5±0.5)处于同一范围,表明样品不含过剩氩。这几个年龄值的一致性,说明该样品具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,它作为K-Ar和Ar-Ar法地质年龄标准物质是适合的。ZBJ角闪石均匀性检验结果表明:在0.05显著性水平下经统计学方法检验,证明K和40Ar*的F分布值小于F临界值,说明该样品是均匀的。国内8个实验室参加了ZBJ角闪石K含量和40Ar*含量的定值分析,经统计学方法检验,结果显示全部定值数据都服从正态分布并具等精度。在置信概率为0.95时,40Ar*和K含量的相对标准偏差都小于1%。两个特性量值定值分析结果的一致值(认定值)和不确定度分别为:40Ar*=(2.464±0.018)×10-10mol/g,K=(1.027±0.008)%,K-Ar年龄(标准值)=133.3±1.5Ma(2σ)。此标准物质纯度为98.1%,粒度为0.15～0.30mm,总重量为740g,缩分成最小样品单元共100瓶,每瓶7.4g,可供我国K-Ar和Ar-Ar法同位素年代学实验室使用37年。 相似文献
13.
Gilbert N. Hanson Kathleen R. Simmons A.E. Bence 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1975,39(9):1269-1278
Biotite, hornblende and muscovite from 2700 m.y. old rocks in northeastern Minnesota near the contact of the 1150 m.y. Duluth Complex have been analyzed by 40Ar/39Ar technique to determine whether spectrum ages can be used to distinguish partial loss of radiogenic argon due to a reheating event. Biotite and hornblende give plateau ages comparable to the ordinary K-Ar ages for all samples including those with intermediate ages. Muscovite gives plateau ages for the samples with less than 11% argon loss. An intermediate muscovite with a conventional K-Ar age of 1850 m.y. gives progressively older 40Ar/39Ar ages for higher temperature fractions.Microprobe analysis reveals no systematic correlation between biotite chemistry and loss of argon in the contact zone. This suggests that the rate-controlling process for the loss of argon from biotite in the contact zone may be volume diffusion or recrystallization without a measurable change in major element composition. Biotites with intermediate ages give plateaus because the rate-controlling processes in the vacuum furnace are related to dehydroxylation and delamination and are unrelated to the process causing loss of argon in the contact zone.The data for the muscovites are not easily interpreted, in part because of the limited number of samples. The hornblende data show a correlation between argon loss and change in major element composition suggesting that recrystallization may be a rate-controlling process for the loss of argon from hornblende in the contact zone. The small number of samples precludes a definitive statement. 相似文献
14.
Conventional K-Ar ages of tholeiitic basalts of the Ferrar Group in the central Transantarctic Mountains indicate significant loss of radiogenic 40Ar from this unit over much of its outcrop area. Argon loss varies inversely with amount of devitrified matrix in the basalts, which have not been thermally or tectonically disturbed since extrusion. 40Ar/19Ar age-spectra of these tholeiites are generally discordant and indicate significant inhomogeneity in the distribution of radiogenic 40Ar with respect to 39Ar, but are distinctly different from release patterns of thermally disturbed samples. Amounts of argon redistribution vary directly with amounts of devitrification and are reflected in progressive modification of the age spectra. A model of redistribution of radiogenic 40Ar by devitrification of originally glassy matrix is suggested that is consistent with disturbance of the conventional K-Ar systematics as well as the 40Ar/39Ar age-spectra. Samples with substantial redistribution but minor loss of radiogenic argon yield age spectra whose apparent ages decrease from low-temperature to high-temperature steps, similar to those reported for some lunar basalts, breccias, and soils. Modification of all the age spectra is attributed to redistribution of radiogenic 40Ar during progressive devitrification, although 39Ar-recoil effects suggested by Turner and Cadogan (1974) may be a factor in some cases. Where devitrification involves most potassium sites within the basalt, 40Ar/39Ar age-plateaux may be formed that have no geologic significance. 相似文献
15.
KAr and ages have been determined for altered submarine tholeiitic and boninite (high-Mg andesite) lavas from the Dabi Volcanics, Cape Vogel Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. whole rock total fusion and plateau ages identify a Late Paleocene age for the tholeiitic lavas (58.9 ± 1.1 Ma) and also for the boninitic lavas (58.8 ± 0.8 Ma). Apparent KAr ages for the same samples range from 27.2 ± 0.7 to 63.9 ± 4.5 Ma, and young KAr ages for glassy boninites are probably due to variable radiogenic 40Ar (40Ar1) loss. These new ages effectively reconcile previously ambiguous age data for the Dabi Volcanics and indicate contemporaneous tholeiitic and boninitic volcanism occurring in southeast PNG during the Late Paleocene.Smectites, developed as alteration products after glass in oceanic lavas commonly do not retain 39Ar during or subsequent to irradiation, but in some cases may contain 40Ar1. In the absence of other factors modifying K and Ar contents, samples which have not lost 40Ar1 from smectite and suffer 39Ar loss only, are interpreted to have been altered immediately subsequent to the crystallization of the lava; whereas samples which have lost 40Ar1 as well as 39Ar may be the result of either recent alteration, or of continuous 40Ar1 loss since the time of crystallization. 相似文献
16.
The measured radiogenic 40Ar loss from sized biotite (56% annite) samples following isothermalhydrothermal treatment have provided model diffusion coefficients in the temperature interval 600°C to 750°C, calculated on the assumption that Ar transport proceeds parallel to cleavage. These data yield an array on an Arrhenius plot with a slope corresponding to an activation energy 47.0 ± 2 kcal-mol?1 and a frequency factor of 0.077+0.21?0.06 cm2-sec?1. Together with previous diffusion data for micas in the annitephlogopite series, our results indicate a strong compositional effect, with increasing ratio corresponding to an increase in diffusivity. An effective diffusion radius of about 150 μm for biotite is inferred from the experimental data which compares favorably with that estimated from geological studies. A pressure effect on activation energy corresponding to an activation volume of about 14 cm3-mol?1 is observed. These data yield closure temperature estimates for this biotite composition cooling at rates of 100°C-Ma?1, 10°C-Ma?1 and 1°C-Ma?1 of 345°C, 310°C and 280°C, respectively. age-spectrum analysis of a hydrothermally treated biotite yields a complex release pattern casting doubt on the general usefulness of such measurements for geochronological purposes. 相似文献
17.
David Seidemann 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1978,42(11):1721-1734
An attempt to date deep-sea igneous rocks reliably was made using the 40Ar/39Ar dating technique. It was determined that the 40Ar/39Ar incremental release technique could not be used to eliminate the effects of excess radiogenic 40Ar in deep-sea basalts. Excess 40Ar is released throughout the extraction temperature range and cannot be distinguished from 40Ar generated by 40K decay. The problem of the reduction of K-Ar dates associated with sea water alteration of deep-sea igneous rocks could not be resolved using the 40Ar/39Ar technique. Irradiation induced 39Ar loss and/or redistribution in fine-grained and altered igneous rocks results in age spectra that are artifacts of the experimental procedure and only partly reflect the geologic history of the sample. Therefore, caution must be used in attributing significance to age spectra of fine grained and altered deep-sea igneous rocks. Effects of 39Ar recoil are not important for either medium-grained (or coarser) deep-sea rocks or glasses because only a small fraction of the 39Ar recoils to channels of easy diffusion, such as intergranular boundaries or cracks, during the irradiation. 相似文献
18.
Paul K Davis 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1977,41(2):195-205
The relation of shock to the drop in the 401Ar/391Ar ratio seen at high release temperatures in some neutron-irradiated lunar samples is investigated through measurements of the 401Ar/391Ar ratio in gas samples released by stepwise heating of rock samples previously subjected to shock, either in the laboratory or in nature.Explosives were used to shock solid pieces and powder of a basalt from a diabase dike in Liberia to calculated pressures of 65, 150 and 270 kbar. These, an unshocked sample of the powder, two naturally shocked samples from the Brent impact crater in Canada, one unshocked sample from near the crater, and appropriate monitors were irradiated. Ar from stepwise heating was analyzed.The unshocked basalt shows a good 401Ar/391Ar plateau at age 198 ± 9 m.y. in agreement with a previous result of 186 ± 2 m.y. The shocked samples contain varying amounts of implanted atmospheric Ar, the isotopes of which have experienced mass fractionation. This effect is small enough in four samples so that the linearity of their graphs of 391Ar/40Ar vs 36Ar/40Ar is evidence of a plateau. The ages of these samples are then 201 ± 10, 205 ± 11, 205 ± 12 and 201 ± 9 m.y. It appears that the shock has had little effect on the 40Ar-39Ar age spectrum, although the release patterns of the 391Ar are shifted downward by the order of 200°C. Shock implantation of Ar was at lower shock pressure, in the presence of less Ar, and into a less porous material than previously demonstrated.The Brent Crater samples do not all show good plateaus, but do indicate an age of ~420 m.y. for the crater event and 795 ± 24 m.y. for the rock formation, in agreement with previous results.None of the 401Ar/391Ar profiles shows a drop at high temperature, but a possible role of shock implantation of Ar is indicated in the production of this effect. Further experiments are suggested. 相似文献