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1.
CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
2.
Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
3.
2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters. 相似文献
6.
环境和灾害是威胁人类生存的两大挑战性问题。由人类活动导致的自然环境破坏和恶化是一个长期累积的过程,类似于人体所患的慢性疾病,对其认识和解决不仅依靠多种条件,也需要很长时间的持久努力。自然灾害的发生一般是短时间内的突然事件,类似人体的急性疾病。为最大限度地减轻自然灾害给人类社会造成的损失,需要实施事先预防、灾前预警、灾时应急和灾后重建的系统工程,其中地球科学家的责任之一是找出有效的宣传演练,使社会各界充分认识灾害的危险性,做好必要的防灾准备。最近20 a来中国的减灾实践经验还说明,为进一步提高减灾的效益,要用科学观念指导各领域的减灾工作,在国家一级层次上要实行多部门协调、多学科合作的综合管理,并注重对灾害发生的规律性研究。例如对群发性灾害链过程及其潜在影响的估计,这对制定区域性可持续发展规划具有重要意义。 相似文献
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环境地球化学学科在中国生态文明和美丽中国建设、国际环境公约履约及过去全球变化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用。本文简要回顾了中国过去十年在环境地球化学领域的部分研究进展,介绍了汞、持久性有机污染物和其他重金属污染物长距离传输研究进展;总结了汞、镉、锑、铊等非传统稳定同位素在地表生物地球化学循环过程中的同位素分馏规律及污染来源和环境过程示踪方面的研究进展;回顾了传统稳定同位素地球化学与污染示踪及过去全球变化方面的研究进展。指出了以上研究方向还存在的问题及未来研究方向。 相似文献
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浙闽泥质区是全新世高海平面以来沉积物的汇。受东亚季风影响,浙闽沿岸流和台湾暖流具有季节性变化,长江口"夏储冬输"的沉积物输运模式对东海内陆架泥质区的形成有关键作用。浙闽泥质区的潜在物源主要有长江、浙闽河流以及台湾西部山地河流,以长江物质为主。黏土矿物、稀土元素、Sr-Nd同位素、环境磁学等方法是物源研究的重要手段。长江物质以伊利石为主,蒙脱石含量较少,高岭石和绿泥石含量中等;而台湾物质以伊利石和绿泥石为主,没有蒙脱石。磁黄铁矿是台湾河流沉积物特有的磁性矿物,可作为大陆河流与台湾河流物源识别的指标。泥质区位于东亚季风区,受低纬热带过程和高纬大气环流的影响,气候变化具有波动性。沉积物敏感粒级反演的东亚冬季风（EAWM）只记录了泥质区形成以来的气候变化,不能代表整个全新世。受台湾暖流和浙闽沿岸流的双重影响,敏感粒级作为EAWM演化的指标需进一步深入研究。 相似文献
12.
古昌蛇绿岩中的斜长花岗岩特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
古昌蛇绿岩中首次发现斜长花岗岩。斜长花岗岩的地质特征和岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征反映出异常洋脊花岗岩的属性,岩浆源自地幔,与古昌蛇绿岩中的变质橄榄岩、基性岩墙、基性熔岩的岩浆同源,是基性—超基性岩浆分异的残余,应属古昌蛇绿岩中的浅色岩组分,是蛇绿岩的端元岩石。 相似文献
13.
城市环境岩土工程的地下水灾害问题 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
随着城市建设的发展，人类在域市的岩土工程活动越来越频繁，由此产生一系列环境岩土工程问题。其中，由人类的工程活动引发的地下水灾害问题日趋显著，已经引起国内外专家的高度重视。地面沉降范围不断扩展，地下水永喷逐年下降，是当前城市环境岩土工程中日益突出的地下水灾害中最广泛、最严重的两大问题。它们已严重威胁着域市的可持续发展及居民的正常生活。文章概述了地面沉降及地下水水质污染现状，对抽汲地下水引起的地面沉降、建设工程性地面沉降的机理以及城市建设中可能引起的地下水点污染问题等进行了分析，针对地面沉降和地下水污染提出了相应的预防与治理措施，以实现地下水资源的可持续利用，保证城市经济及社会的可持续发展。 相似文献
14.
In this work, Båth’s Law, the b-value in Gutenberg–Richter Law (G–R Law) in the form of the 1/β relationship, and both the a- and b-values in the G–R Law were introduced in order to estimate maximum aftershock magnitudes of earthquake sequences in the Taiwan region. The averaged difference of magnitude between the mainshock and the maximum aftershock is 1.20, and is consistent with Båth’s Law, however, with a large uncertainty. The large uncertainty implies that the difference may result from a variable controlled by other factors, such as the aftershocks number of an earthquake sequence and magnitude threshold for mainshock. With 1/β, since 86% of the earthquake sequences with a M ⩾ 6.0 mainshock follow this relationship, the upper bound of the maximum magnitude can be estimated for an earthquake sequence with a large mainshock. The a- and b-values in the G–R Law was also considered by evaluating maximum aftershock magnitudes. As there are low residuals between the model and the observations, the results suggest that the G–R Law is a good index for maximum aftershock magnitude determinations. In order to evaluate the temporal decays of maximum aftershock magnitudes, modified Omori’s Law was introduced. Using the approaches mentioned above, the maximum magnitudes and the temporal evolution of an earthquake sequence could be modeled. Among them, the model of the G–R Law has the best fit with observations for most of earthquake sequences. It shows its feasibility. The results of this work may benefit seismic hazards mitigation in the form of rapid re-evaluations for short-term seismic hazards immediately following devastating earthquakes. 相似文献
15.
Conflicts arise increasingly in Tanzania which involve claims in land located in conservation areas. These conflicts arise,
in many cases, between members of the local communities and the state authorities in charge of the conservation areas. They
concern customary land rights both of pastoral and of agricultural communities, a topic which also touches upon their identities.
The article investigates the legal dimension of these disputes by discussing the law governing conservation areas in the wider
context of land tenure legislation. Within this context, the legal framework of conservation areas is discussed from both
historical and contemporary perspectives. Nature conservation must respect the needs of the local population affected. It
is therefore argued that concepts of community-based conservation should be developed further to work towards the goal of
integrating nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
南秦岭金矿成矿的几点认识于学元，郑作平（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所，广州５１０６４０）关键词金矿床，成矿带，南秦岭秦岭地质构造极其复杂，是一个巨大的缔向构造带，也是我国重要的有色金属矿产基地。近几年来，随着对秦岭地区地质研究强度的加强，在贵重金属找... 相似文献
17.
桂西北晚古生代地层中的沉积灰岩墙研究进展 总被引：8，自引：12，他引：8
桂西北晚古生代地层中近直立的二叠纪、三叠纪沉积灰岩墙与围岩时代相差最大超过80Ma(中二叠统茅口组灰岩墙插入中泥盆统东岗岭组中)，有人推测岩墙至少切穿整个石炭系、是海底扩张造成的巨型张裂隙；有人认为它是古构造间断面上古褶皱轴面裂隙充填。但这两种认识都有无法解释的矛盾。笔者识别出沉积灰岩墙内的变形平行层理和垂直贯入层理为地震灾变事件记录，认为沉积灰岩墙是地震液化沉积物流贯入地裂缝形成，是强地震事件在软硬岩层中的不同响应。同时发现与同沉积断裂伴生的台地边缘角砾岩是震裂岩、并有同期斜坡相塌积砾屑灰岩和盆地浊积岩(夹多层玄武岩)，从而揭示右江盆地内二叠纪—早三叠世火山—构造—地震—沉积系统、并初步解释了沉积灰岩墙成因。沉积灰岩墙表明右江盆地晚古生代有多个地震活跃期，灰岩墙与围岩的时间差标志多期局域构造活动。从而质疑早石炭世一中二叠世“右江盆地为稳定碳酸盐岩台地阶段”，进一步的深入研究将可能引起地层和构造关系的重新调整，进而对右江盆地演化和全球超大陆裂解提出重要证据。 相似文献
18.
通过收集整理各种分析测试资料、钻井岩芯资料,结合前期研究成果,对测井资料和地震资料进行综合研究,从岩石学、测井相、地震相等几个具体方面来对沉积相进行分析和研究。得出工区内部以间歇性物源为主,主要来自下区内各个盐构造高部的沉积物源体系,即盐构造的持续隆升活动是区内物源体系的主导因素。同时,综合地震属性分析、地震－岩相分析等资料,明确了研究区内主要发育了冲积扇、冲积平原和间歇性河流等沉积相 相似文献
19.
This article discusses the involvement of older women and men in voluntary work in rural communities in the Netherlands. Gender,
ageing and civil society form the core concepts in the article. Politicians and policy makers in the Netherlands are worried
about the perceived decline of civil society and about the consequences of this decline for specific categories of older women
in terms of well-being and social exclusion. The paper presents the results of two surveys of involvement of older women and
men in civic organisations, voluntary work and local actions. The surveys indicate high levels of involvement of both women
and men. No gender differences are found in activity level. However, the data demonstrate the gendered nature of civil society.
Women are more engaged in informal voluntary work and informal local actions, while men are more active in formal organisations
and functions. This gender segmentation is not absolute, however. Many older women and men transgress the traditional feminine–masculine
boundaries. The surveys highlight the involvement of women and men in rural communities, but indicate lower activity levels
in urban areas. 相似文献
20.
我国古生代海相碳酸盐岩成藏理论的新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来在中国古生界新发现大中型油气田40多个,其中大型油气田16个。在长期研究中国古生代海相沉积特征的基础上,总结归纳近几年来新发现的海相烃源岩,提出对碳酸盐岩有效烃源岩的新认识。从有效烃源岩、古岩溶储集体、油气成藏期次和成藏模式等四个方面概述油气成藏理论方面的新进展;根据油气成藏史研究,结合区域构造演化史、生烃史等,提出塔河油田奥陶系有四个成藏期:加里东中晚期至海西早期;海西晚期;燕山期-喜马拉雅早中期;喜马拉雅晚期。 相似文献