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石油钻井井涌井漏实时预测专家系统研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
摘 要 论述了石油钻井井场实时智能辅助决策软件平台的结构特点和井涌井漏实时预测策
略同时探讨了石油钻井井涌井漏实时预测专家系统的结构及其特点。 相似文献
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成矿预测的目的是预测未发现矿床的位置 ,初步认识这些矿床的基本类型、规模等。GIS虽然是一个通用的多学科工具 ,但因其高水平的数据管理 ,强大的空间分析及高质量、高效率的成图技术 ,也为成矿预测提供了最佳的工具和手段。GIS应用于成矿预测 ,主要是借助其功能对地质异常进行分析 ,圈出对应的“5P”地段 ,通过对地质异常与找矿有利度的分析 ,建立一个一般性的GIS成矿预测空间模型 ,最后利用模型圈定成矿预测区。 相似文献
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矿床的环境质量———一个新的地学研究领域 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
摘 要 为了人类社会的可持续发展需要实行矿业开发和环境保护的协调发展。矿床的环
境质量就是适应这一需要而正在形成的边缘研究领域它的目的是为改善环境而进行的矿床
学研究。主要任务是：① 研究矿床的环境质量包括矿床类型、物质成分 （主要是有害组
分）、矿体产状、矿床构造及矿床的表生变化过程;② 按环境影响程度对矿床作分类建立
矿床的地质 环境模型;③ 进行矿床的地质 环境评价;④ 研究和找寻经济 环境综合效益好
的矿床新类型。面向21世纪矿床地质工作者应更新观念开拓新的研究领域将矿床学研
究单纯为找矿、采选冶服务转变为矿业开发与环境保护的协调发展服务。 相似文献
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为充分挖掘矿床勘查大数据价值,提升矿床勘查效率,本文从分析矿床勘查大数据、总结矿床勘查流程出发,提出了利用人工智能技术驱动“勘查活动–勘查大数据–勘查标识体系”三元智能循环的新型智能矿床勘查指导系统研究思路,设计了5层系统体系结构,并提出了“人工智能+微服务+云化部署”的技术路线,构建了涵盖数据采集处理、标识体系构建、预测区圈定与勘查指导方案生成等在内的八大功能模块,并对系统的多元应用形态、应用流程进行了展望。新型智能矿床勘查指导系统是服务矿床勘查活动的未来形态的综合信息系统,探索并构建该系统对于推动矿床勘查智能化进程具有现实意义。 相似文献
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基于地理信息系统中的矿产资源兰?关键取决于系统中用于评价的内容和方法,即包括建立适用于GIS平台上的矿产资源的评价模型、各种地学信息的GIS数据、评价辅助系统的开发和研制等内容.本文仅从适用于GIS的矿产资源评价模型的建立内容、数据表达形式、数据应用功能和操作方式等进行探讨,提出由矿床成矿模型、综合标志找矿模型、矿床地质环境模型和矿床经济评价特征等方面构成资源评价模型的内容,根据模型数据特点建立数字图形的GIS表达形式,通过评价区空间数据的准备、模型与数据的联接和评价三个过程实现对模型的应用. 相似文献
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基于ArcView GIS的矿床定位预测系统简介 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
基于矢量数据的"矿床定位预测系统",简称DPIS,用于对地质、物探、化探、遥感、矿产等信息数据进行集成研究,预测找矿靶区.系统充分发挥ArcView GIS图形管理、空间查询、空间分析等优势,使地质研究人员能在熟悉的地质矿产图界面上,通过简单的鼠标操作,在短时间内完成大范围的矿床统计预测工作.系统还提供了"图层自动生成"、"线走向/长度计算"、"面积计算"、"图层平移/旋转/缩放"、"图层合并"等多种实用的矢量数据变换、处理功能,使数据资料的整理便捷、高效. 相似文献
9.
构造应力场在隐蔽性油气藏勘探中的应用 总被引：12，自引：5，他引：7
摘 要 通过对构造应力场与低渗透储层中裂缝分布、油气运移和聚集以及断层纵向封闭性
之间关系的分析说明根据构造应力场的分布不仅可以定量预测裂缝性油气藏的分布规律
以及油气的运移方向与聚集场所而且还可定量评价断层的封闭性。因此从构造应力场的
角度对油气的分布进行评价和预测将对隐蔽性油气藏的勘探具有指导作用。 相似文献
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地震地面效应是地震工程和工程地震工作者共同关心的问题.前者着重研究地震动对上部结构的影响,后者则主要从事研究地震动对场地地基工程地质条件的影响.1979年对北京市区所作的一维地震反应分析,得出了土层厚度是影响地震地面运动的主要因素.输入地震动的卓越周期及其加速度峰值对反应谱形状的影响较时程曲线的影响明显.但一维方法只反映有界水平层及地震垂向上传.二维动力有限元地震反应分析改进了上述局限性,它可以研究任意形状的地基地质结构,能够反映埋藏基岩地形对地震波的折射、反射所产生的能量聚、散效应,埋藏基岩地形对地震地面效应的影响比上复松软土层土质不均匀的影响要大.超声地震模型实验首次引入工程地震学的研究课题中,得到了与上述数值分析方法相似的结果,并提出若干新问题.它提供了一种能够全面模拟震源—传播途径—场地地质结构的综合研究方法. 相似文献
12.
Miodrag Manic 《Natural Hazards》1994,10(1-2):123-138
The accelerogram of a strong ground motion represents the detailed characteristics of an earthquake and contains a large number of data both for earthquake engineers and seismologists. It shows not only the intensity, the frequency content and the duration of the strong ground motion, but also data referring to source origin, wave propagation mechanism, geological and site conditions at the recording site and its closer surrounding. Therefore, recently, accelerograms analysis has become a widely accepted method for fundamental investigations referring to understanding the background of the seismic waves generation and propagation mechanism and investigation of the strong ground motion nature and the parameters defining the ground motion for the needs of seismic resistant design.Presented in this paper are the results from the nonstationary analysis of the horizontal components of ground motion records obtained during the Montenegro earthquake of 15 April 1979. For the purpose of the analysis, the physical spectra concept was applied, since it enables simultaneous investigation of the time varying nature of the amplitude and the frequency content of the recorded ground motion. The application of the physical spectra for the design of a realistic synthesized accelerogram is also presented. 相似文献
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In the case of the dynamic analysis of the structures using the recorded earthquake ground motions, it is usually assumed that the ground motion consists of body waves propagating vertically. However, the response of a long and narrow structure may be influenced by the oblique propagation of body waves and the dispersion of surface waves. In this paper, the effects of the seismic wave propagation on the response of this kind of structure are investigated. The characteristics of the wave propagation were verified using the recorded motions and soil information at the building site. The ground motion at every input point of the building was evaluated using the difference of arrival time of seismic waves calculated by assuming the velocity and the direction of the wave propagation. Using these ground motions, response analyses of the lumped mass model for the structure were performed. By considering the characteristics of the seismic wave propagation, the average response decreased but the local response increased around the end of the roof. Further studies of the structure were also performed in order to restrain the response around the end of the roof. 相似文献
15.
近断层地震动模拟现状 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
地震动是由3个物理过程（震源破裂过程、波传播过程、场地反应）组成的一种复杂系统的产物,地震动模拟均是围绕这3个物理过程的建模开展的。地震动模拟目前仍然是一门相对较新的科学,强震观测中不断发现的新情况、新问题及其深入研究进一步推动近断层地震学理论和实践的发展。减少建模中的不确定性,用基于观测物理学的统计特征逐渐取代基于现象的假设描述,以改善地震动模拟的精度。基于大量地震动模拟的研究文献和资料,归纳、评述了近断层地震动模拟方法的现状、3个物理过程的建模方法及其发展趋势。 相似文献
16.
Intermediate-depth earthquakes in the Vrancea region occur in response to stress generation due to descending lithosphere
beneath the southeastern Carpathians. In this article, tectonic stress and seismicity are analyzed in the region on the basis
of a vast body of observations. We show a correlation between the location of intermediate-depth earthquakes and the predicted
localization of maximum shear stress in the lithosphere. A probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) for the region is
presented in terms of various ground motion parameters on the utilization of Fourier amplitude spectra used in engineering
practice and risk assessment (peak ground acceleration, response spectra amplitude, and seismic intensity). We review the
PSHA carried out in the region, and present new PSHA results for the eastern and southern parts of Romania. Our seismic hazard
assessment is based on the information about the features of earthquake ground motion excitation, seismic wave propagation
(attenuation), and site effect in the region. Spectral models and characteristics of site-response on earthquake ground motions
are obtained from the regional ground motion data including several hundred records of small and large earthquakes. Results
of the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment are consistent with the features of observed earthquake effects in the southeastern
Carpathians and show that geological factors play an important part in the distribution of the earthquake ground motion parameters. 相似文献
17.
In geotechnical earthquake engineering, wave propagation plays a fundamental role in engineering applications related to the dynamic response of geotechnical structures and to site response analysis. However, current engineering practice is primarily concentrated on the investigation of shear wave propagation and the corresponding site response only to the horizontal components of the ground motion. Due to the repeated recent observations of strong vertical ground motions and compressional damage of engineering structures, there is an increasing need to carry out a comprehensive investigation of vertical site response and the associated compressional wave propagation, particularly when performing the seismic design for critical structures (e.g. nuclear power plants and high dams). Therefore, in this paper, the compressional wave propagation mechanism in saturated soils is investigated by employing hydro-mechanically (HM) coupled analytical and numerical methods. A HM analytical solution for compressional wave propagation is first studied based on Biot’s theory, which shows the existence of two types of compressional waves (fast and slow waves) and indicates that their characteristics (i.e. wave dispersion and attenuation) are highly dependent on some key geotechnical and seismic parameters (i.e. the permeability, soil stiffness and loading frequency). The subsequent HM Finite Element (FE) study reproduces the duality of compressional waves and identifies the dominant permeability ranges for the existence of the two waves. In particular the existence of the slow compression wave is observed for a range of permeability and loading frequency that is relevant for geotechnical earthquake engineering applications. In order to account for the effects of soil permeability on compressional dynamic soil behaviour and soil properties (i.e. P-wave velocities and damping ratios), the coupled consolidation analysis is therefore recommended as the only tool capable of accurately simulating the dynamic response of geotechnical structures to vertical ground motion at intermediate transient states between undrained and drained conditions. 相似文献
18.
近代城市地下生命线工程要求对埋藏基岩中的活动断裂作出工程评价,以判断其是否有出现地表破裂的可能。 本文提出了对研究活动断裂的3项内容,即:“活动断裂的活动时间下限、地震复发周期及活动断裂的活动速率;对不同的断裂活动机制,即蠕动和粘滑,从覆盖层厚薄两种情况分析了对地基所产生的影响。 作者通过超声地震模型实验对覆盖层横向非均一性影响地下生命线工程的特点进行了研究,结果表明,横向非均一的覆盖层在地震过程中对地下生命线工程影响显著,不可忽视。 相似文献
19.
The seismic ground motion of a test area in the eastern district of Naples is computed with a hybrid technique based on the mode summation and the finite difference methods. This technique allows us the realistic modelling of source and propagation effects, including local soil conditions. In the modelling, we consider the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, a good example of strong shaking for the area of Naples, which is located about 90 km from the epicenter.The detailed geological setting is reconstructed from a large number of drillings. The sub-soil is mainly formed by alluvial (ash, stratified sand and peat) and pyroclastic materials overlying a pyroclastic rock (yellow neapolitan tuff), representing the neapolitan bedrock. The detailed information available on mechanical properties of the sub-soil and its geometry warrants the application of the sophisticated hybrid technique.As expected, the sedimentary cover causes an increase of the signal's amplitudes and duration. If thin peat layers are present, the amplification effects are reduced, and the peak ground accelerations are similar to those observed for the bedrock model. This can be explained by the backscattering of wave energy at such layers, that tend to seismically decouple the upper from the lower part of the structure.For SH-waves, the influence of the variations of the S-wave velocities on the spectral amplification is studied, by considering locally measured velocities and values determined from near-by down-hole measurements. The comparison between the computed spectral amplifications confirms the key role of an accurate determination of the seismic velocities of the different layers.The comparison performed between a realistic 2-D seismic response and a standard 1-D response, based on the vertical propagation of waves in a plane layered structure, shows considerable difference, from which it is evident that serious caution must be taken in the modelling of expected ground motion at a specific site. 相似文献
20.
远场大地震作用下大尺度深软场地的非线性地震效应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于ABAQUS软件自行研制的并行计算显式算法集群平台,针对苏州城区典型地层剖面,建立了大尺度深软场地的二维精细化非线性有限元分析模型,对人工地震波和大地震远场地震动作用下深软场地的非线性地震效应进行了比较研究。研究结果表明：（1）与人工地震波作用时深软场地的地表峰值加速度放大效应相比,大地震远场地震波作用时的放大效应尤为显著,由于土介质的横向不均匀性及其非线性,使不同地表的峰值加速度放大效应存在明显的变异性。（2）深软场地对周期小于0.3 s的高频地震波均具有显著的滤波效应;大地震远场地震波作用时,深软场地对周期0.85～1.65 s的长周期地震波的放大效应非常显著,但对2.5～7.0 s的长周期地震波呈现出明显的滤波效应。（3）地震动峰值加速度PGA值沿土层深度和横向的分布形态呈现出明显的高低起伏现象,在不同成因的土层更迭面附近及土介质横向不均匀性显著的区域,地震波的局部聚焦放大和过滤减小现象尤为明显,且大地震远场地震动作用时,20 m以浅土层的PGA值呈现出非常显著的放大效应。（4）地震波的频谱特性、土层的横向不均匀性对深软场地地表加速度反应谱? 谱的谱形有显著影响;给出了描述加速度反应谱沿土层深度变化特征的三维谱形曲线,可以直观地展示出深软场地中细长地下结构地震反应可能存在类共振现象的土层深度。 相似文献