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1.
在上扬子地台早寒武纪梅树村期,沉积了许多大型磷块岩矿床。贵州寒武系底部磷块岩发育,是我国重要含磷层位。贵州寒武系底部磷矿的研究历史比较悠久,研究方向主要还是集中于含磷物质来源以及磷块岩成因方面的研究。前者主要解决的是磷质来源与磷质赋存问题,但对于磷矿的就位问题研究较少。因此,对于磷矿控矿规律及含磷岩系沉积微相等有待深入。在总结前人研究的的基础上,对贵州织金-清镇一带寒武系底部含磷岩系进行大量的野外调查、剖面测试以及地质资料总结分析。认为清镇地区处于潮下低能泻湖环境,以条带状磷块岩和条带状磷质硅质岩为特征;织金戈仲伍一线,属于潮间-潮下高能沉积环境,沉积碎屑状磷块岩为主,局部沉积小壳生物磷块岩;织金熊家场浅滩和生物滩发育,属于潮上沉积环境。另外通过钻孔资料分析,发现织金地区寒武系底部磷块岩厚度变化很大,主要受灯影组顶部古喀斯特不整合面控制,滨岸磷质碎屑受沿岸海流的改造,搬运至古喀斯特洼地地区堆积,形成较厚度的碎屑状磷块岩。古喀斯特高地地区,受滨岸海流影响,沉积的磷块岩较薄,因此,建立织金寒武系磷块岩成矿控矿模式。该研究对贵州寒武系底部磷矿找矿预测工作有一定的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
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贵州织金磷矿岩稀土元素地球化学特征研究 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
贵州织金戈仲伍剖面戈仲伍组磷质岩主要为生物碎屑白云质、硅质磷块岩，普遍形成生物碎屑结构，以小壳类动物化石及藻类化石为主。采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱仪(ICP-MS)对戈仲伍组磷质岩样品的稀土元素含量进行测定分析，结果表明：磷质岩中普遍富集稀土元素，含稀土总量EREE较高，尤其富集Y重稀土元素；磷质岩具Ce负异常，指示环境处于氧化程度相对较高状态；稀土元素北美页岩标准化模式曲线为帽状形态，指示在磷质岩形成过程中有生物或有机质参与作用；磷质岩普遍具Eu正异常、稀土总量较高、∑LREE／∑HREE比值较高的特征，暗示戈仲伍组磷矿具有正常海相沉积伴有海相热水沉积混合成因的特征。 相似文献
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寒武系纽芬兰统麦地坪组是海相沉积型磷矿的主要赋存层位。在金阳地区,麦地坪组沿北东-南西向展布,通过由北至南在谷德、西衙门、天地坝等9个地区采集样品27件的手标本及镜下观察,分析这9个地区的的麦地坪组沉积特征,认为金阳地区在早寒武世麦地坪期处于潮坪沉积环境。在谷德-西衙门一带为潮下高能环境,形成了内碎屑块状磷块岩;天地坝-桃坪一带亦为潮下高能环境,由于水体更浅,仅形成条纹条带状磷块岩,磷矿层也变薄;往南西,沉积环境变为潮间,由于甲依水下隆起的存在,隔断了磷质向南西运移,因此朗德-对坪一带麦地坪组虽沉积较厚,但难以形成磷矿层。基于麦地坪组沉积特征分析,恢复了成磷期的古地理,认为金阳地区的找矿远景区应位于谷德-西衙门一带。 相似文献
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兴神磷矿含磷岩系各类岩（矿）石Ｓｒ／Ｂａ，Ｍｎ／Ｆｅ，Ｃｏ／Ｎｉ，Ａｓ，Ｃｅ／Ｃｅ“，Ｅｕ／Ｅｌｌ刮，异常Ｃｅ，６“Ｃ，６１‘Ｏ等地球化学特点表明，含磷岩系沉积早期受冰）Ｉ淡水影响形成合锰白云岩；中期海馒规模扩大，水体加深，在半封闭的低能还原一弱氧化环境中．生物大量繁殖形成磷块岩堆积；晚期出现海退，在大气淡水影响下形成混合岩化白云岩结束整个成磷历史。 相似文献
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云南省磷矿资源十分丰富,它是产于早寒武世初期的磷块岩矿床,主要分布于滇东地区。这类海相沉积的磷块岩矿床,其形成和发育,明显受当时沉积古地理环境的制约,反映在含磷岩系的岩性、厚度变化,磷矿层赋存层位,层理特征,陆源矿物含量和小壳动物化石,矿石的物质组分、结构构造等方面。在垂直序列上表现出磷块岩沉积于由海进→海退→海进的旋回历程中,而富磷块岩往往出现在海退阶段的中后期,这说明成磷海盆的含磷浓度在时间上是由淡化→浓缩→再淡化的演变过程;在空间上反映出含磷岩系是平行海岸线呈带状分区的特点。这些带状分区的形成,主要是海水含磷浓度的差异,其次才是海水动力条件,氧化还原电位、水介质的酸碱度以及陆源碎屑的掺合等因素。而磷质的来源主要是生物与生物活动的循环。有利于含磷度浓缩的条件,一是相对稳定和闭塞的海盆,二是适宜的气候条件。滇东早寒武世初期的沉积古地理环境,正好是一个相对稳定和闭塞的海湾泻湖和滩间泻湖,加之气候条件适宜,从而形成了矿石质量好、规模巨大的磷块岩矿床。 相似文献
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早寒武世是继陡山沱期之后又一重要成磷期,形成于该时段的磷块岩广泛分布于亚洲、西欧、北美以及大洋洲等地,贵州地区广泛分布的早寒武世磷块岩是这一事件的重要组成部分。本文以贵州织金戈仲伍和铜仁坝黄两个典型磷块岩剖面为研究对象,对含磷岩系沉积特征、稀土总量(ΣREY)、P_2O_5含量及其与氧化还原敏感元素指标的关系进行横向比较和分析。结果表明:纵向上,织金戈仲伍剖面和坝黄剖面稀土总量(ΣREY)与w(P_2O_5)变化趋势较一致,稀土总量(ΣREY)、w(P_2O_5)与氧化还原敏感元素指标则没有协同变化的特征。稀土总量(ΣREY)与w(P_2O_5)线性回归表明二者具有明显正相关关系,暗示二者在成因上的密切联系;稀土总量(ΣREY)和w(P_2O_5)与氧化还原敏感元素指标均没有明显相关性,说明沉积介质的氧化还原条件不是稀土富集的主要控制因素。织金戈仲伍剖面和坝黄剖面稀土元素北美页岩标准化配分曲线呈"帽形",中稀土元素(MREE)相对富集,这是在成岩作用的过程中,由于中稀土元素(MREE)离子半径与钙离子半径更接近,相较于其它稀土离子更容易置换钙离子而进入磷灰石晶格。 相似文献
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贵州开阳磷矿以其厚而富的磷矿石资源备受关注。对开阳龙水地区含磷岩系(洋水组)剖面进行地层学、岩石学和沉积学研究,并讨论其沉积环境和成磷作用。区内含磷岩系岩性组合为黏土岩-白云岩-碎屑状磷块岩-硅质岩-泥晶磷块岩-叠层石磷块岩。龙水地区在震旦纪陡山沱期整体为靠近古陆边缘的滨岸潮坪沉积环境,并经历了2次海侵-海退。其沉积环境由初期的无障壁海滩转变为晚期的潮坪环境,表明陡山沱期古海洋处于较为动荡的环境,海平面升降频繁。富含生物化石的致密状泥晶磷块岩、圆柱状叠层石磷块岩和磷质生物团粒,均属于原生磷块岩。三者磷酸盐含量极高,属于高品位磷块岩,其形成环境可能是弱酸性至弱碱性的浅海陆棚。生物与高品位磷块岩的密切关系说明生物在高品位磷块岩形成过程中起重要作用。其形成具有3个必要条件: 海水富磷,生物大量繁殖,有利于生物繁殖及磷酸盐结晶的沉积环境。 相似文献
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贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床稀土元素地球化学及生物成矿基本特征 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
对贵州织金新华含稀土磷矿床进行的稀土元素及微量元素分析结果表明，磷块岩中普遍富集稀土元素，稀土总量∑REE较高，并富集Y元素及La，Nd等轻稀土元素。LREE／HREE比值较高。含稀土磷块岩普遍具Ce负异常，显示其对源区的继承性。指示成磷环境处于氧化程度相对较高状态。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式曲线、北美页岩标准化模式曲线、Ce元素异常、LREE／HREE比值、微量元素特征及岩石矿物特征表明，织金新华含稀土磷矿床具以正常海相生物-化学沉积等为主伴有海相热水沉积混合成因的特征。在磷矿成矿过程中沉积物沉积时，活体生物及死亡残骸不同程度地摄取和富集了La，Nd，Ce等稀土元素、Y元素及其他微量元素，沉积在含磷层位，构成大量的含稀土、含生物碎屑白云质磷块岩。 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2016,(2)
贵州织金磷矿为一超大型含稀土磷矿床,产于早寒武世梅树村期底部含磷岩系。本文在分析该磷矿矿石化学组成、矿物组合的基础上,重点针对磷块岩的结构特征进行扫描电子显微镜和电子探针微区分析,发现在纵向上:上段硅质磷块岩结构类型包含泥晶结构、内碎屑结构、无定形结构和少量生物屑结构,其结构成熟度较低,沉积水体较深,属于宁静的半局限海/浅海沉积环境;而下段白云质磷块岩结构类型包含内碎屑、无定形结构和较多生物屑结构,其结构成熟度较高,水动力作用较强,沉积水体较浅,属于动荡的滨海沉积环境。横向上,织金戈仲伍组与滇东渔户村组大海段在地层年代上相互对应,两处的磷块岩系所含的结构类型相似,只是各种结构类型所占比例不同。此外,结合其他沉积环境指标,发现织金磷矿沉积于弱氧化―贫氧的滨海向浅海过渡的环境。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献