共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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考虑渗流的多层土盾构隧道开挖面稳定性分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将传统模式的均匀土层稳定性分析的楔形体模型扩展到渗流作用下多层土盾构隧道开挖面的稳定性分析中,楔形体是由梯形组成的,每一个梯形对应一层土层,利用太沙基有效松动土压力理论和上限定理,推导了渗流作用下盾构穿越多层土的隧道开挖面极限支护压力的计算公式。极限支护压力等于作用于开挖面有效支护压力和渗透力的总和,其中有效支护压力用极限平衡来计算,渗流力采用水头分布的数值方法计算获得的。计算结果发现,渗透力构成了总支护压力的主要部分,分析结果和工程实测数据是一致的。 相似文献
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基于模型试验方法,开展砂土中竖向荷载作用下低承台2×1和2×2扩底楔形桩群桩桩-土相互作用模型试验,测得不同荷载等级下桩顶荷载-沉降关系曲线、桩端阻力以及桩身轴力等分布规律,同时开展扩底楔形桩单桩竖向承载特性试验作为对比分析。结合JGJ94规范规定的承台效应系数和群桩效应系数,对扩底楔形桩群桩竖向极限承载力进行了理论计算分析。研究结果表明,文中试验条件下竖向荷载作用下低承台2×1和2×2扩底楔形桩群桩的综合效应系数分别为1.16和1.10;无承台作用下2×1和2×2扩底楔形桩群桩的群桩效应系数分别为0.95和0.88;理论计算中扩底楔形桩承台效应系数和群桩效应系数可以参照等直径桩的相关规范取值。 相似文献
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This paper presents an analytical solution for the prediction of internal forces and displacements of a jointed segmental precast circular tunnel lining. The effects of joint stiffness on the performance of the tunnel lining are discussed. The ‘force method’ is used to determine the internal forces and displacements of jointed tunnel lining. Five shield‐driven tunnel cases are adopted to study the effects of joint stiffness, soil resistance, joint distribution and joint number on the internal forces and displacements of circular tunnels. Laboratory model tests are conducted to verify the proposed analytical solution. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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介绍了楔形体与开挖坡体模型之间的关系,提出了确定边坡开挖松动区范围的弹性理论分析方法。阐明在用楔形体理论分析出开挖坡体的应力场的基础上,根据一定的坡体材料强度条件（经过安全储备后的摩尔-库仑强度准则和单轴抗拉强度准则）,且考虑三向应力状态,计算搜索坡体在该稳定系数下的开挖松动区,由此计算出在坡体自上而下分步开挖过程中每一步开挖施工完成之后相应的松动区来。提出了分析计算坡体开挖松动区的主要步骤,说明在分步开挖过程中,计算搜索每一步开挖后的坡体松动区主要需通过讨论上一步开挖后的坡体应力场、本步开挖卸荷量及本步开挖后产生的松动区范围等问题来实现。最后,用算例较为详细地说明了用弹性楔形体理论解析坡体开挖松动区的具体操作过程。 相似文献
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The role of interface friction is studied by slow direct shear tests and rapid shaking table experiments in the context of dynamic slope stability analysis in three dimensions. We propose an analytical solution for dynamic, single and double face sliding and use it to validate 3D‐DDA. Single face results are compared with Newmark's solution and double face results are compared with shaking table experiments performed on a concrete tetrahedral wedge model, the interface friction of which is determined by constant velocity and velocity stepping, direct shear tests. A very good agreement between Newmark's method on one hand and our 3D analytical solution and 3D‐DDA on the other is observed for single plane sliding with 3D‐DDA exhibiting high sensitivity to the choice of numerical penalty value. The results of constant and variable velocity direct shear tests reveal that the tested concrete interface exhibits velocity weakening. This is confirmed by shaking table experiments where friction degradation upon multiple cycles of shaking culminated in wedge run out. The measured shaking table results are fitted with our 3D analytical solution to obtain a remarkable linear logarithmic relationship between friction coefficient and sliding velocity that remains valid for five orders of magnitude of sliding velocity. We conclude that the velocity‐dependent friction across rock discontinuities should be integrated into dynamic rock slope analysis to obtain realistic results when strong ground motions are considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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相邻水平平行顶管推进引起的附加荷载分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用弹性力学的Mindlin解,推导得到顶管正面附加推力、掘进机和后续管道与土体之间的摩擦力在相邻水平平行管道上引起的附加荷载计算公式。探讨了管道净间距、直径、埋深以及土体泊松比对附加荷载分布的影响。分析结果表明,采取注浆措施时后续管道摩擦力在相邻管道上产生较小的压力,其峰值出现在开挖面后方。在正常施工时,正面附加推力引起的附加荷载非常小,使相邻管道开挖面前方产生压力、后方产生拉力,以开挖面呈反对称分布。掘进机摩擦力引起的附加荷载分布规律与正面附加推力相似,但零点位于掘进机中间部位相对应处,其引起的附加荷载较大,在三者共同作用中占主要地位,应予以重视。 相似文献
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利用点荷载,作用于半无限空间的Mindlin位移解,考虑锚杆与土体界面的渐进破坏过程,推导出界面摩阻力的微分方程解析解。编制了相应的计算程序,把计算结果和现场试验值进行比较,结果较为吻合,二者的数据都表明,随着锚头拉力的增加,土-锚杆摩阻力峰值逐渐向锚杆末端转移,而锚杆前端则发生部分范围的滑移。然后,利用所求得的解析解,研究了土体弹性模量、锚杆孔径对锚杆摩阻力分布的影响,可见土体弹性模量越大,则界面上的摩阻力越容易达到峰值,从而产生破坏,而锚杆孔径越大,则界面上的摩阻力上升越慢,可延缓破坏过程。 相似文献
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Geoffrey F. Davies 《Tectonophysics》1983,99(2-4)
There are, in principle, direct relations between several important phenomena associated with subduction zones: the depth of oceanic trenches, the magnitude of the net force from trenches acting on subducting plates, the distribution and fault plane orientations of earthquakes, the magnitude of stresses on subduction faults, the bathymetry of back-arc regions, and the magnitudes of gravity and geoid anomalies. These phenomena are related through the stresses transmitted through surface and subducted lithosphere, and are associated with the mass anomaly of the subducted lithosphere. Quantitative estimates suggest that observed trench depths imply a trench pull force on subducting plates which is comparable to the ridge push force but much less than the excess weight of the subducted lithospheric slab. It is further suggested that either the mass anomaly of subducted lithosphere is much less than would be expected on the basis of conventional thermal and compositional models or that (a) a large resistance acts on the upper part of slabs due to high-stress corner flow, and (b) the mass anomaly of the slab is 70–90% compensated either by a broad 1 km-deep back-arc depression or a low density mantle wedge above the slab or both. 相似文献
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Effect of combined translation and torsion on undrained uplift capacity of plate anchors: Plastic limit analysis (PLA) solution 
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下载免费PDF全文 Uplift capacity of plate anchors has been the focus of numerous studies, because anchor plates are designed for pull‐out in normal operating conditions. However, the response of plate anchors under 6‐degrees‐of‐freedom loading caused during extreme loading conditions is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to propose a simple yet sufficiently accurate analytical solution to investigate the behavior of plate anchor under combined in‐plane translation and torsion and to evaluate its effect on the plate uplift bearing capacity. To this end, a modified plastic limit analysis (PLA) approach is introduced and compared with limit equilibrium and simplified upper bound baseline solutions. The proposed method is verified with 3‐dimensional finite element. The variables considered in this study include plate aspect ratio, plate thickness, as well as load direction and eccentricity. Results of analytical solutions indicate the insensitivity of the “shape” of the shear‐torsion yield envelope to plate thickness. This finding facilitates the use of simplified yet reasonable yield envelope for infinitely thin plate obtained from simplified PLA approach for other plate thicknesses. The “size” of the failure envelope (controlled by pure torsional and translational capacity) could be predicted fairly accurately by PLA and limit equilibrium methods. Combination of these analytical methods offers a simple yet reasonably accurate solution to describe shear‐torsion response of anchor plate. The obtained shear‐torsion yield envelope is then fitted in the generalized 6‐degrees‐of‐freedom yield surface which describes the reducing effect of moment, torsion, and planar forces on the uplift capacity of plate. 相似文献
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通过对比修正惯用法的解析解、ANSYS数值模拟解和ANSYS梁-弹簧模型法数值模拟解,结合东莞至惠州城际轨道交通工程DK97+898.238~DK100+897段管片内力现场实测结果,深入探讨各计算方法的合理性和准确性,并得出以下结论:修正惯用法解析解管片内力及配筋最大,修正惯用法数值解次之,梁-弹簧法数值解与现场实测反算值最小。修正惯用法解析解偏保守,容易造成设计配筋过大和浪费;建模较为复杂的梁-弹簧法及现场实测可反馈设计,其结果表明,修正惯用法数值模拟结果比解析解更接近工程实际,本工程内比解析法可节省配筋22.6%左右,且仍有富余量。 相似文献
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从基坑柔性支护结构后的滑动土楔体的整体静力平衡方程出发,推导了考虑作用点位置的主动土压力泛函极值等周模型。在此基础上引入拉格朗日乘子,将主动土压力问题转化为确定含有两个函数自变量的泛函极值问题。对于一般黏性土,依据泛函取极值时必须满足的欧拉方程,得到了对数螺旋线的滑裂面函数和沿滑裂面分布的法向应力函数。结合边界条件和横截条件,主动土压力泛函极值问题进一步转化为以两个拉格朗日常数为未知量的函数优化问题。同时,讨论了滑裂面为平面和圆弧面两种特殊情况。通过算例表明,对于一般土体,在作用点位置系数下限处,主动土压力最小,滑裂面为平面;随着作用点位置的上移,主动土压力呈非线性增长,相应滑裂面为对数螺旋面。对于砂性土,位置系数上限值随内摩擦角的增大而增大,其相应的土压力值也随之增加。对于软黏土,滑裂面为圆弧面,随着作用点位置的上移,主动土压力呈非线性下降,滑裂面背离基坑方向移动。 相似文献
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Numerical analyses of stability and deformation behavior of reinforced and unreinforced tunnel faces
In traditional tunneling, an analysis of the face stability is required to avoid failure mechanisms or excessive face extrusion. Face reinforcement can improve face stability and reduce deformations. In the present work a numerical study of both unreinforced and reinforced tunnel excavation faces by means of 3D FEM analyses is presented. The results are compared with those of the traditional limit equilibrium method and with an analytical solution based on previous numerical studies. It could be shown that the LEM may lead to non-conservative results. Finally, the deformation response is assessed and the benefits of face reinforcements are investigated. 相似文献
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滑坡稳定性分析最重要的是精度。滑面和坡面是空间三维变化曲面,造成滑体厚度各处变化很大。滑坡稳定性分析通常选择中轴线或其附近的一个所谓“代表性纵断面”进行安全系数计算。由于采用单位宽度纵剖面计算,在多数情况下只能代表该纵剖面两侧不大范围宽度滑体的局部稳定性,而不能代表滑坡整体稳定性,因此提出多纵剖面合力法进行滑坡稳定性分析。为减少多剖面勘探成本的人财物力投入,把滑动面分成了简单滑面和复杂滑面两类。对简单滑面滑坡最少只打两个纵断面共2~4个钻孔,应用几种滑面曲线函数,绘制辅助横剖面,将所需要的多个计算纵剖面剖出。多剖面合力法是基于空间平行力系可移动原理,对各剖面划分条块,把每个剖面条块的剪应力与抗滑力分解成水平与垂直分力,然后计算每个剖面剪应力与抗滑力的垂直与水平分力各自的合力,再对各剖面的剪应力与抗滑力的水平与垂直分力求合力,计算出滑坡的抗滑力与下滑力,得到剪应比——滑坡的稳定系数。用简单滑面和复杂滑面两个滑坡实例进行了分析,验证方法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对存在多级滑动面的黄土滑坡,难以用简单的单一滑动面评价其稳定性,基于Monte-Carlo法理论,结合简化Bishop法,在极限平衡条件下建立滑坡稳定可靠性分析的状态函数,提出基于概率的黄土滑坡稳定性计算方法。通过对各级滑坡在滑动时安全余量的相关系数计算,得到多级黄土滑坡破坏过程各个滑面的破坏概率具有相关性,同时建立基于概率理论黄土滑坡危险性评价指标。以阳庄村滑坡为例,分别计算滑坡体上的Ⅲ级滑坡稳定系数及可靠度,定量的表达出阳庄村Ⅲ级滑坡的危险程度,为滑坡的工程治理,预测预警和危险性评价提供依据。 相似文献
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Masaki Yoshida 《地学学报》2019,31(2):135-149
Three‐dimensional spherical mantle convection was simulated to predict future continental motion and investigate the driving force of continental motion. Results show that both the time required (≥300 Ma from the present) and the process for the next supercontinent formation are sensitive to the choice of critical rheological parameters for mantle dynamics, such as a viscosity contrast between the upper and lower mantles and a yield strength of the lithosphere. From all the numerical models studied herein, mantle drag force by horizontal mantle flow beneath the continents may mostly act as a resistance force for the continental motion in the process of forming a new supercontinent. The maximum absolute magnitude of the tensional and compressional stress acting at the base of the moving continents is in the order of 100 MPa, which is comparable to a typical value of the slab pull force. 相似文献
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The surface charge of colloidal particles is usually determined by potentiometric titration. These acid-base titrations make it possible to measure the pH of point-of-zero charge (pzc) for oxide minerals. This macroscopic property is the most important parameter used in surface complexation modeling to reproduce experimental data. The pzc values of goethite reported in the literature vary between 7.0 and 9.5. Carbonate adsorption and/or surface morphology are thought to account for this wide range.We demonstrate a procedure for the removal of the carbonate ions that initially adsorb on goethite and strongly affect the titration curves and pzc determination. We also investigated the crystal-face-specific reactivity of two morphologically different goethites. The z-profiles obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM) images showed that the goethite with the smallest specific surface area (S = 49 m2/g, denoted G49) exhibits 70% of the (001) face, whereas this value is only 30% for the goethite with largest specific surface area (S = 95 m2/g, denoted G95). This morphologic difference results in slightly different pzc values: 9.0 for G49 goethite and 9.1 for G95 geothite. These experimental pzc values have been correlated with multisite complexation calculations using both the full-site and the 1-pK approaches. We used the full-site approach to consider all of the configurations of hydrogen bond interactions with surface site. The resulting mean charges gave estimated pzc values of 8.9 and 9.2 for the (001) and (101) faces, respectively. Considering these theoretical pzc values for individual faces and the face distributions obtained from AFM analysis, the calculated pzc values are in full agreement with the experimental pzc values. However, this morphologic difference is more expressed in surface charge values than in the pzc values. Indeed, the surface charge of G49 goethite is much higher than that of G95 goethite, and the 1-pK calculations make it possible to fit the titration data satisfactorily. 相似文献