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《物探与化探》2017,(6)
低频探地雷达系统多配置无屏蔽天线,抗干扰能力差。针对中心频率15 MHz的低频探地雷达天线,以铁丝网作为屏蔽材料,设计制作了3种尺寸(长×宽×高分别为:12 m×12 m×5 m、11 m×11 m×5 m、9.6 m×9.6 m×5 m)的屏蔽装置,对接收天线和发射天线分别进行了屏蔽干扰实验研究。结果表明:网孔为1 cm×1 cm,丝径t为0.15 cm铁丝网是制作屏蔽装置的有效材料;对接收天线单独进行电磁屏蔽时,三种尺寸的屏蔽装置均显示出较好的屏蔽效果,其中最佳尺寸为11 m×11 m×5 m;对发射天线单独进行电磁屏蔽时,只有11 m×11 m×5 m尺寸的屏蔽装置最有效,另外两种尺寸的装置屏蔽效果相对较差;相对而言,给接收天线单独增加屏蔽装置要比单独给发射天线增加屏蔽装置好。实验结果为下一步研发实用化的低频探地雷达屏蔽装置打下了良好基础。 相似文献
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探地雷达技术对表层岩溶带典型剖面组构刻画与界面识别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
表层岩溶带是岩溶研究的重要对象,以往研究以剖面调查半定量为主,文章利用探地雷达属性技术对其发育情况进行定量研究。选取3个表层岩溶带的典型剖面（浅裂隙土、深裂隙土、厚土层覆盖）,并采集探地雷达数据,通过提取相干体属性和均方根振幅属性来挖掘雷达数据中的潜在信息,用于区分介质组构和识别发育深度界面。结果表明,均方根振幅属性较好地区分出了浅裂隙土型和深裂隙土型的岩土介质,厚土层覆盖型的犁耕层与非犁耕层土壤介质;相干体属性能较好地识别出表层岩溶带和下部完整基岩,定量化其发育厚度。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2017,(6)
通过对低频探地雷达在青藏高原冻土带环境下的探测深度、分辨率及反射特征分析的正演模拟来研究其在冻土带天然气水合物勘探中的可行性和关键参数。首先通过雷达测距方程计算确定了理论上探地雷达的最大探测深度与发射频率、地下介质电阻率、介电常数之间的关系,并根据电磁波反射理论计算满足冻土带天然气水合物探测深度所需的系统增益;随后通过低频探地雷达分辨率计算和仿真模拟来确定低频探地雷达在大尺度(200 m)范围的广义分辨率;最后参考已经发现天然气水合物的木里地区基本情况设计冻土及天然气水合物模型,利用时间域有限差分(FDTD)方法进行二维正演,获得了探地雷达信号在冻土带底界以及天然气水合物顶、底界的反射特征,为野外实测数据的处理及解释提供有用信息。研究结果表明,采用中心频率小于等于15 MHz且系统增益大于165 dB的低频探地雷达在地表电阻率较高的冻土区能够满足天然气水合物储层的探测深度要求;分辨率计算及仿真模拟表明低频探地雷达在满足一定条件下在200 m深度可以达到探测深度1%的广义分辨率;探地雷达信号在冻土底界、天然气水合物顶、底界均存在明显的强振幅和频率突变特征;理论计算结果认为应用低频探地雷达直接探测冻土带天然气水合物是可行的。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2021,(5)
壁画的病害对壁画的长期保存和日常维护造成了极大的威胁,水带动易溶盐的迁移是导致壁画病害最主要的原因之一。地仗层作为壁画最直接的载体,其土-水特性关乎着壁画病害的形成与发育。为了研究壁画地仗层的土-水特性,根据莫高窟壁画地仗的物质组成制作了模拟地仗,采用压力板法和蒸汽平衡法分别对模拟地仗进行土-水特性试验,获得了全吸力范围的壁画地仗的土-水特征曲线,并用Van Genuchten（VG）模型和Fredlund Xing（FX）模型对土-水特征曲线进行拟合。试验结果表明：不同组分的模拟地仗试样的土-水特征曲线有所差异,粗泥层与细泥层土-水特征曲线形态上差异并不明显;同等吸力下粗泥层含水量高于细泥层,在高吸力段粗泥层具有突变性释水的特点;通过对高吸力段地仗试样土-水特征曲线变化趋势的分析,推荐日常维护中莫高窟洞窟内湿度不应高于58%,湿度宜保持稳定,不应有较大波动;综合全吸力段上的试验数据进行拟合可以获得精度较高的壁画地仗的土-水特征拟合曲线。 相似文献
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壁画的病害对壁画的长期保存和日常维护造成了极大的威胁,水带动易溶盐的迁移是导致壁画病害最主要的原因之一。地仗层作为壁画最直接的载体,其土-水特性关乎着壁画病害的形成与发育。为了研究壁画地仗层的土-水特性,根据莫高窟壁画地仗的物质组成制作了模拟地仗,采用压力板法和蒸汽平衡法分别对模拟地仗进行土-水特性试验,获得了全吸力范围的壁画地仗的土-水特征曲线,并用Van Genuchten（VG）模型和Fredlund-Xing（FX）模型对土-水特征曲线进行拟合。试验结果表明：不同组分的模拟地仗试样的土-水特征曲线有所差异,粗泥层与细泥层土-水特征曲线形态上差异并不明显;同等吸力下粗泥层含水率高于细泥层,在高吸力段粗泥层具有突变性释水的特点;对高吸力段地仗试样土-水特征曲线变化趋势的分析表明,在日常维护中莫高窟洞窟内湿度不应高于58%,湿度宜保持稳定,不应有较大波动;综合全吸力段上的试验数据进行拟合可以获得精度较高的壁画地仗的土-水特征拟合曲线。 相似文献
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古城墙由于长年雨、雪水的侵蚀,容易造成城墙内部砖层、土体疏松等病害区域的发生,然而如何确定这些病害的位置、深度、规模等,是非常棘手的问题。探地雷达作为一种无损探测手段,具有探测效率高、分辨率高、结果直观等特点,对探测目标体不会造成任何损伤。结合工程实例,采用探地雷达技术对古城墙顶面进行探测。根据对探地雷达图谱进行处理分析,并选取5处有代表性的雷达图谱进行轻型动力触探验证。结合轻型动力触探验证资料,综合解释分析,提高了查找病害区域的准确性,同时说明探地雷达在古城墙探测中的适用性。 相似文献
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为了诊断运营中隧道病害的程度,需要对隧道衬砌作出系统评价.本文结合工程实际,阐述了采用地质雷达对隧道衬砌进行检测的原理及方法,采取提高检测效果的方法和技术措施,并通过典型雷达图像分析了衬砌结构完整性和衬砌厚度识别判定特征,取得了较好的检测效果,为隧道整体健康诊断提供依据. 相似文献
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为了分析与雷达探测方向相反方向的障碍物对雷达采集数据的影响,以探地雷达理论为基础,运用时域有限差分法（FDTD）,建立相应的地质模型,进行探地雷达二维正演模拟。结合工程实例,对福建某隧道的雷达探测数据进行分析研究。研究结果表明,在使用探地雷达进行目标体探测时电磁波并非仅向探测方向发射和传播,在天线的四周都会有电磁波发射出来,而非探测方向上的电磁波将会对雷达采集的数据产生一定的影响,干扰数据解释人员解译的准确性。因此在使用探地雷达和解译雷达数据时,要了解现场环境和剔除干扰波,做到对探测目标体的正确判断。 相似文献
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地质雷达是浅部勘探的一种有效的勘探方法，广泛地应用于工程地质勘察，水文地质调查，以及地质灾害调查等方面，本文简要地叙述了地质雷达的探测原理，介绍了它在工程建设方面的应用，结合实例，展示其作为一种快速，准确的探测技术，具有良好的应用效果和广阔前景。 相似文献
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Mingzhou Bai Yun Chen Chengliang Wang Xin Li Gang Tian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(24):795
This paper studies karst cave and soil cavity development in the process of karst collapse as a means of disaster prevention and control. Using the karst area of the Shandong section of the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway as a test area, a numerical simulation method is presented as well as the model test to study the characteristics of typical radar images of different types of karst caves and soil cavities. By combining theoretical analysis with field test results, the method and characteristic standards for nondestructive testing using ground-penetrating radar to determine the grouting effect on a karst roadbed are given. The radar spectrum characteristics are analyzed for a cave, water-filled cave, clay-filled cave, karst cave with dense grouting and karst cave with grouting that is not dense. Comprehensive analysis of the results of indoor model testing and numerical analysis, combined with the engineering practice of evaluating the effect of grouting treatment in the selected section of the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway, clarifies the basic characteristics of map recognition of radar detection of karst grouting. The morphological characteristics of the karst caves in the geological radar images are usually composed of many hyperbolic strong reflection waves. Multiple-reflection wave groups of high amplitude, low frequency, and equal distance indicate the side wall of the cave. The bottom interface of the cave is not obvious, although when the bottom part of the cave is filled with water or clay, silt, sand and gravel material. The bottom of the reflection wave will be enhanced. When the cave is filled with material, the electromagnetic wave energy decays rapidly, the high-frequency part is absorbed, and the reflection is mostly low frequency wave. The characteristics of radar images of the slurry distribution area are obvious in the grouting zone. A horizontal direction results in arc-shaped distribution, and a vertical direction has more regular distribution. The results of the study are helpful in the exploration of karst caves and soil caves, and the evaluation of the effect of grouting treatment in mitigating karst collapse. 相似文献
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地质雷达技术在某铁路隧道质量检测中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地质雷达作为一种数据质量好、抗干扰性强和准确高效的先进技术在铁路隧道质量检测中得到了广泛的应用。以福建省某铁路隧道工程质量检测实例,介绍地质雷达的探测原理,阐述地质雷达技术在隧道衬砌、仰拱等部件质量检测中的应用。 相似文献
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An intensive investigation was set up to study the mechanical response of discontinuities with different joint wall compressive strengths. Physical models were employed in order to perform the planned studies. Models were designed to contain profiles of regular artificial joints molded by five types of plaster mortars each of which representing a distinct uniaxial compressive strength. The compressive strengths of plaster specimens ranged from 5.9 to 19.5 MPa. These specimens were prepared considering to have discontinuities of regular triangular asperity profile and were so designed to achieve joint walls of different strength material combinations. Direct shear tests were carried out on joints, and variations of shear stiffness, normal stiffness, and residual friction angle were investigated in various states. Details of the experiments, obtained data, the performed analyses, and the results are presented in this paper. 相似文献
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A. H. Ghazvinian M. J. Azinfar R. Geranmayeh Vaneghi 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2012,45(3):349-359
In this study, the shear behavior of discontinuities possessing two different rock wall types with distinct separate compressive
strengths was investigated. The designed profiles consisted of regular artificial joints molded by five types of plaster mortars,
each representing a distinct uniaxial compressive strength. The compressive strengths of plaster specimens ranged from 5.9
to 19.5 MPa. These specimens were molded considering a regular triangular asperity profile and were designed so as to achieve
joint walls with different strength material combinations. The results showed that the shear behavior of discontinuities possessing
different joint wall compressive strengths (DDJCS) tested under constant normal load (CNL) conditions is the same as those
possessing identical joint wall strengths, but the shear strength of DDJCS is governed by minor joint wall compressive strength.
In addition, it was measured that the predicted values obtained by Barton’s empirical criterion are greater than the experimental
results. The finding indicates that there is a correlation between the joint roughness coefficient (JRC), normal stress, and
mechanical strength. It was observed that the mode of failure of asperities is either pure tensile, pure shear, or a combination
of both. Therefore, Barton’s strength criterion, which considers the compressive strength of joint walls, was modified by
substituting the compressive strength with the tensile strength. The validity of the modified criterion was examined by the
comparison of the predicted shear values with the laboratory shear test results reported by Grasselli (Ph.D. thesis n.2404,
Civil Engineering Department, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2001). These comparisons infer that the modified criterion can predict the shear strength of joints more precisely. 相似文献