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1.
<正>秦岭造山带是华北与扬子两大板块碰撞形成的复合型大陆造山带,经历了长期不同构造体制的演化作用和多次的开合历史,在中国大陆的形成与演化中占有重要地位。从时间上看,秦岭造山带主要经历了3个构造演化阶段:1)晚太古代至古元古代前寒武纪基底和过渡性浅变质基底的形成阶段(3.0~1.6 Ga);2)新元古代至中三叠世以现代板块构造体制为基本特征的板块构造和板内垂向增生构造复合的主造山作用时期(0.8~0.2 Ga);3)中新生代陆内造山作用与构造演化时期。从空间上看,秦岭造山带依商丹断裂构  相似文献   

2.
<正>秦岭造山带是中国重要的地理及地质分界带,可划分为华北板块南部、秦岭微板块和扬子板块北缘三大陆壳单元,分别由商丹断裂带和勉略断裂带分割,研究区南秦岭造山带属于秦岭微板块。秦岭造山带作为特提斯演化的重要组成部分,记录了华北陆块与杨子陆块的拼合碰撞造山过程,其中,古生代是秦岭造山带形成与演化的主造山带时期,秦岭造山带处于以现代板块构造体制为基本特征的板块构造演化阶段,广泛发育从裂谷型火山建造演化为两类古大陆边缘沉积和裂陷沉积(张国伟等,1997)。  相似文献   

3.
北秦岭元古代构造格架与演化   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
秦岭造山带是经历了多阶段的多陆块长期裂解、拼合的复合型造山带。最新的地质、地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究共同揭示沿商丹带分布有中新元古代蛇绿岩,并伴生有与板块俯冲碰撞作用相关的弧后盆地、岩浆弧、高压变质作用,表明北秦岭于中元古代末—新元古代初曾发展成为类似于现代板块构造体制的活动大陆边缘,出现板块向北俯冲消减、弧后盆地的生成和蛇绿岩构造侵位及其后的碰撞造山作用。  相似文献   

4.
西秦岭造山带的演化、构造格局和性质   总被引:59,自引:6,他引:53  
简要论述了西秦岭造山带显生宙以来的构造演化和格局,讨论了西秦岭造山带的性质。西秦岭造山带自800Ma左右以来,经历了超大陆裂解、洋陆演化、碰撞造山、板内伸展和陆内叠覆造山后才形成现今的西秦岭造山带。在不同的构造演化阶段,西秦岭有着完全不同的构造体制和格局。在洋陆演化阶段属板块构造体制,以多陆块洋为特征的洋陆格局;在板内伸展阶段属板内裂谷和裂陷盆地体制,以板内伸展盆地体系为特征的海陆格局;在陆内叠覆造山阶段属陆内盆山体制和陆内盆山格局。西秦岭造山带是一个“碰撞—陆内型”复合造山带。  相似文献   

5.
正秦岭造山带由华北板块和扬子板块及其间的微板块经过多期次不同构造运动叠加复合形成,是我国中央造山带的重要组成部分,其形成和演化过程记录了华北板块和扬子板块元古代俯冲消减、古生代弧-陆碰撞和早中生代的陆内造山运动的重要信息(Meng Qingren et al., 2000)。秦岭杂岩(原秦岭岩群)作为秦岭造山带最古老的前寒武纪结晶基底,是研究秦岭造山带构造演化的重要窗口。前人对侵入其中的小型岩体、岩脉研究较少。本次研究  相似文献   

6.
东秦岭-大别山及邻区挠曲类盆地演化与碰撞造山过程   总被引:28,自引:3,他引:25       下载免费PDF全文
刘少峰  张国伟 《地质科学》1999,34(3):336-346
东秦岭-大别造山带是3 个板块沿两条缝合带俯冲碰撞而形成的近东西向不对称的反向多层次构造叠置的复合型造山带。在泥盆纪至三叠纪板块构造阶段中不同陆块间由于俯冲碰撞作用形成了多种挠曲类盆地。盆地时空演化充分体现了商丹古洋盆俯冲消减过程、北秦岭弧后区弧陆碰撞过程以及勉略古洋(海)盆斜向的、由东向西的碰撞造山过程。  相似文献   

7.
陕西秦岭泥盆系区域成矿大地构造演化   总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8  
陕西秦岭泥盆系中有非常丰富的多金属矿产,其中以铅锌、金等最为著名。通过研发现,这些多金属矿产的成因与泥盆系经历的优越的大地构造演化历程密不可分。在早泥盆世,随着扬子板块北缘沿勉略一带裂谷化进一步发展形成初始洋盆而分裂出秦岭微板块(北秦岭),使秦岭造山带呈现出两洋(勉略洋和商丹洋)三块(华北板块、秦岭微板块和扬子板块)的大地构造格局。在这种格局下,秦岭微板块内发育了一系列伸展断裂,切割出一系列地堑和半地堑型盆地。沿这些盆地内部或边缘的深大断裂,深部岩浆和矿液得以上移,在海底形成了含铅、锌及金等多金属元素的喷流沉积,形成了多金属矿源层或矿床。在晚海西一印支期,华北、秦岭及扬子板块发生斜向穿时碰撞造山,完成了三板块“一体化”的过程,使华北板块北缘,扬子板块南缘及整个秦岭微板块发生了强烈的构造岩浆及变质作用,使早期泥盆系矿源层中的成矿元素重新活化迁移,在有利部位富集下来形成矿床。由于三板块的斜向穿时碰撞,导致秦岭造山带广泛发育了压性剪切带,形成了以八卦庙特大型金矿为代表的剪切型金矿。在燕山期,秦岭造山带进入了陆内造山阶段(地洼阶段),华北板块向秦岭微板块之下俯冲,导致秦岭造山带发生了广泛的构造、岩浆作用,使泥盆系矿?  相似文献   

8.
秦岭造山带历经新元古代陆块汇聚与裂解、古生代沿商丹带俯冲增生与碰撞,以及中生代沿勉略带南北两大陆块最终碰撞造山,成为一多期次构造演化而成的复合型大陆造山带.其中,最为显著的是中生代早期伴随最终碰撞造山秦岭发生强烈构造岩浆事件,在陕西商州市以西的东、西秦岭地区乃至扬子地块西北缘形成了巨量的花岗岩体,构成秦岭巨大花岗岩带.  相似文献   

9.
秦岭造山带重大地质事件、矿床类型和成矿大陆动力学背景   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10  
秦岭造山带由两条主缝合带(商丹、勉略缝合带)及其分划的三个地块(华北地块南缘、秦岭微地块和扬子地块北缘)组成。秦岭造山带是在晚太古一中元古代洋陆间杂构造基础上,于晚元古代一中三叠世经历现代板块构造体制的主造山期的华北、秦岭、扬子三板块依次沿商丹和勉略两条缝合带由南向北俯冲碰撞造山,奠定了基本构造格局,并由于后造山期强烈的陆内造山作用的叠加改造成复合型造山带。秦岭造山带内的金属矿床主要有热水喷流沉积型铅一锌矿床、火山喷流型块状硫化物、斑岩一矽卡岩型钼(钨)矿床、卡林一类卡林型金矿床、岩浆热液脉型金矿床和低温热液改造型汞锑矿床。造山带内的商丹和勉略缝合带产有部分岩浆分结或熔离型铬铁矿和铜镍硫化物矿床。沉积一变质成因铁矿床主要分布在扬予和华北古板块边缘。秦岭造山带造山过程与成矿作用演化存在时空耦合关系,因此研究秦岭造山带成矿事件对其不同时期地质事件的响应,对发展我国大陆成矿理论具有重要理论和实际意义。  相似文献   

10.
秦岭造山带是横贯我国中部著名的大陆造山带,是大陆构造中典型的陆内造山带。这种类型的造山带没有经历洋壳俯冲形成的那种主缝合带性质的造山带;也不是华北与扬子"板块"相互作用形成的对接或碰撞造山带;更不是所谓的复合型造山带。从秦岭造山带的组成、不同深度的结构特征、立交桥构造、盆-山转换中的结构样式、商丹带与勉略带的构造特征以及中央造山系(秦岭)中独特的南北向构造,深入讨论这些特征在秦岭造山带中的非板块构造属性;综合分析这些资料的基础上,建立了秦岭陆内造山带形成的抽拉-逆冲岩片构造(抽拉构造)模式。  相似文献   

11.
秦岭造山带的构造格架和构造单位新划分   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
构造格架和构造单位是造山带中最重要的两个结构特征。秦岭构造格架是东西向与南北向构造共存的造山带。笔者以秦岭最新的实际资料按板块构造学说和抽拉--逆冲岩片构造(或抽拉构造)观点编出新的地质构造图,提出秦岭是四类岩石地层--地质体按非线性、混沌动力学的关系组合而成的拼贴叠置堆垛体,不存在自北而南或自南而北按时代形成的碰撞增生构造带。  相似文献   

12.
秦岭造山带金属成矿系统   总被引:38,自引:1,他引:38  
秦岭造山带是一个多旋回复合大陆碰撞造山带,是我国重要的多金属成矿带之一,自太古代以来秦岭经历了四大构造演化阶段及多种构造体制的转化,导致了多期构造热事件和成矿作用的发生,形成了多个构造成矿旋回,为秦岭金属元素的大规模富集成矿创造了条件,根据构造,建造,成矿作用及矿床组合特征,从早到晚可将秦岭区域成矿划分为六大成矿系统。其中,中晚元古代与海相火山岩及岛弧菌浆活动有关的成矿系统,早古生代与海相火山热液有关的成矿系统,海西期与海底热液及岩浆作用有关的成矿系统及中生代与陆内造山体制构造一岩浆活动有关的成矿系统对成矿的贡献最大,成矿系统的叠加是区内大多数大型,超大型矿床形成的前提。  相似文献   

13.
秦岭造山带结构与演化若干问题的再认识   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
本文详细论述了北秦岭与商丹带、南秦岭、勉略带和太白-佛坪-汉南带的组成、结构特征;重新划分和阐述了秦岭造山带的构造单位及其发展演化。提出秦岭是由五类岩石地层地质体按非线性、混沌动力学的关系组合在一起并拼贴、镶嵌、叠置、堆垛而成的综合构造体,是南北与东西共存的构造格局。其经历了太古宙-古元古代陆核或古陆块增生或拼贴的发展阶段,中-新元古代板块构造体制发展阶段,震旦纪-三叠纪板内海相沉积盆地与造山带转换的发展阶段.印支期以来陆相沉积盆地和造山带转换的抽拉-逆冲岩片构造(或抽拉构造)体制的发展阶段。  相似文献   

14.
张国伟  张宗清 《岩石学报》1995,11(2):101-114
秦岭造山带由三大套构造岩石地层单位所构成,即1、二类不同的前寒武纪基底岩系;2、晚元古代-中三叠世主造山时期受板块构造和垂向增生构造控制的相关构造岩石地层单元;3、中新生代后造山期的陆内断陷与前陆和后陆盆地沉积及广泛的花岗岩浆活动。它们反映着秦岭带三个主要演化时期,在不同构造体制下的三种不同的基本地壳物质组成与结构。它们记录着秦岭造山带长期发展历史中的不同演化阶段的多种造山作用及其不同动力学机制的丰富信息。  相似文献   

15.
豫西横穿秦岭造山带的反射地震为主的综合地球物理探测,发现秦岭现今北界存在华北地块南部自北向南向秦岭的巨型陆内俯冲带,深达Moho面以下,与之相伴而生,在中上地壳发育自南向北的逆冲推构造带,千公里东西向延伸,主要发生于晚白垩世100Ma±,成为秦岭与华北地区块间中新生代重要陆内构造,它是秦岭造山带岩石圈现今三维结构的基本要素和组成部分,秦岭造山带岩石圈现今结构具有流变学分层的“立交桥”三维结构框架模型。显然它们具有统一的动力学背景,是秦岭造山带现今处于印度-青藏、太平洋和欧亚板块的西伯利亚地块等三大构造动力学体系复合部位,导致其从深部地幔动力学的最新调整到上部地壳响应所发生的壳幔等圈层相互作用的综合产物,可能是大陆长期保存、演化的主要途径与形式之一,具有重要的大陆动力学意义,对中国大陆构造、灾害、环境研究也具重要意义。  相似文献   

16.
中国河南东秦岭—桐柏成矿区、带的划分   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
东秦岭桐柏区域成矿规律的研究,是以不同时期的板块或地体俯冲或碰撞增生构造分析为基础。根据华北地台南缘由两个早寒武地体所组成,划分出华熊成矿区和嵩箕成矿区。著名的秦岭—桐柏褶皱带即为秦岭—桐柏成矿带;而成矿亚带的划分是以不同时期活动陆缘增生或造山带为根据的,它们分别是中元古、加里东和海西成矿亚带。文中阐述了构造环境和成矿作用,并提出花岗岩类及其成矿作用板块构造模式,特别是中生代大储内都挤压或A—型俯冲的成岩成矿模式。  相似文献   

17.
The Qinling orogen extends 1650 km E-W and has a width of 95-255 km. It has a long evolutionary history of ~3.02 Ga and a mineralization history of approximately 2.5 Ga. There are more than 400 mineral deposits of Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb, Hg, Mo, W, Fe, Ni, Mn, rare elements, REE, U, V, P, As, Ba, Sr, Ti, Al, pyrite, gypsum, trona, halite, glauberite, mirabilite, blue asbestos, fluorite, rock crystal, mica, vermiculite, graphite, kyanite, andalusite, talc, fireclay, and K-feldspar in the Qinling orogen and adjacent areas. The deposits were formed in six tectono-minerogenic cycles and have been grouped into 21 regional minerogenic series.

The metallogeny of the Qinling orogen is closely associated with the tectonic evolution of the orogen, and most of the ore deposits were formed in two important metallogenic periods: (1) Middle Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic, which was characterized by spreading and rifting-related minerogenetic processes; during this period, the minerogenic series are directly associated with basic-ultrabasic magmatism and marine volcanism resulting from spreading-rifting and deep faulting; (2) Mesozoic, when mineralization was controlled by intracontinental subduction and postorogenic relaxational taphrogenesis or extension; the minerogenetic series are associated with intermediate-acid magmatism and terrestrial volcanism.

Gold is one of the most important ore-forming commodities in the Qinling orogen. Over 80% of those gold deposits were formed in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic and are related genetically to magmatism, terrestrial volcanism, and alluvial sedimentation. Most gold deposits in the Qinling orogenic belt are of hydrothermal origin. The Dashui-type gold deposits may be a new category of high-sulfi-dation epithermal gold deposits hosted by carbonate rocks of the Upper Paleozoic and Triassic in the southwestern part of the Qinling orogen. Shuangwangtype gold deposits in the middle of the Qinling orogen are characterized by low-grade (but large in terms of tonnage) ores hosted by brecciated and banded albitites, which are thought to have been formed by Yanshanian (late Mesozoic) magmatic-hydrothermal fluids injected into the Devonian sedimentary rocks. Carlin-type, quartz vein-type, and placer-type deposits also are important in this continental orogenic belt and adjacent areas.  相似文献   

18.
Tectonically the Dabie orogenic belt consists mainly of the Dabieshan Yanshanian uplifted zone and the Beihuaiyang Variscan-Indosinian folding zone. In the north boundary adjoining the North China Block, there are an Early Palaeozoic ophiolitic mixtite belt and the Hefei Mesozoic-Cenozoic faulted basin which overlaps on the suture belt. In the south of Dabie orogen, there is a secondary tectonic unit called Foreland thrust-faulted structural zone which was mainly formed by the intracontinental subductions during Mesozoic era. The study shows that the Dabie Block is a part of mid-late Proterozoic palaeo-island arc at the north margin of Yangtze Block. During Caledonian period, as a submerged uplift at the northen continental margin of Yangtze Block, the Dabie Block collided with the early Palaeozoic palaeo-island arc at the south margin of North China Block, resulting in the convergence of the North and South China Blocks and the disappearance of oceanic crust. Since then,large-scale intracontinental subductions were followed. Dabie Orogenic Belt is the product of overlapping of Yangtze Block, Dabie Block and North China Block under the mechanism of intracontinental subduction. Indosinian period is the period of chief deformation and high pressure dynamic metamorphism for Dabie Block, and Yanshan period is the main orogenic period in which the remelting of crust caused by basement shearing resulted in large scale thermometamorphism. The present tectonic framework of the orogen was finally formed by the rapid uplifting of the Dabieshan mountains and gliding southwards, which result in the developing of thrust belt on south side and the extensional tectonic movement on north side.  相似文献   

19.
Tectonically the Dabie orogenic belt consists mainly of the Dabieshan Yanshanian uplifted zone and the Beihuaiyang Variscan-Indosinian folding zone. In the north boundary adjoining the North China Block, there are an Early Palaeozoic ophiolitic mixtite belt and the Hefei Mesozoic-Cenozoic faulted basin which overlaps on the suture belt. In the south of Dabie orogen, there is a secondary tectonic unit called Foreland thrust-faulted structural zone which was mainly formed by the intracontinental subductions during Mesozoic era. The study shows that the Dabie Block is a part of mid-late Proterozoic palaeo-island arc at the north margin of Yangtze Block. During Caledonian period, as a submerged uplift at the northen continental margin of Yangtze Block, the Dabie Block collided with the early Palaeozoic palaeo-island arc at the south margin of North China Block, resulting in the convergence of the North and South China Blocks and the disappearance of oceanic crust. Since then,large-scale intracontinental subductions were followed. Dabie Orogenic Belt is the product of overlapping of Yangtze Block, Dabie Block and North China Block under the mechanism of intracontinental subduction. Indosinian period is the period of chief deformation and high pressure dynamic metamorphism for Dabie Block, and Yanshan period is the main orogenic period in which the remelting of crust caused by basement shearing resulted in large scale thermometamorphism. The present tectonic framework of the orogen was finally formed by the rapid uplifting of the Dabieshan mountains and gliding southwards, which result in the developing of thrust belt on south side and the extensional tectonic movement on north side.  相似文献   

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