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从地下水运动均衡原理的角度分析锡山市西部地区第Ⅱ承压含水层天然和现状开采条件下的地下水均衡要素，揭示了该地区下水开采与地面沉降的关系，其中现状开采条件下的75%-80%的开采量来自于粘性土层的压密释水量；同时，根据地面沉降的发生机理，剖析地面沉降严重发育地区忽略地面沉降影响因子建立的地下水资源计算模式中存在的问题；针对存在问题，提出了地下水可开采资源合理的计算方法，并对考虑地面沉降影响因子的地下水资源计算模型的可实现性进行了分析。 相似文献
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以控制地面沉降为约束的地下水资源评价——以上海地区为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以上海市区第V承压含水层(埋深约350m )以上的整个第四系松散沉积层为研究体,将上海地下水系统作为一个完整且不可分割的系统来研究。由于开采地下水资源引起地下水系统内部物质能量变化,因而产生一系列的环境地质问题(如地面沉降、地下水位下降、资源开采条件恶化等)。根据研究区地下水系统特征和已有的研究程度,在技术方法和途径上,着重研究上海地区第四系含水层结构、水文地质工程地质条件,建立水文地质工程地质概念模型; 在此基础上建立以地下水资源开采量最大、水位降幅及地面沉降较小、社会经济效益较好为目标的地下水拟三维渗流一维地面沉降的评价与管理模型,并为我国大中城市(特别是在诸如开采地下水引起的地面沉降问题的地区)的地下水资源评价与管理提供可借鉴的经验和方法。 相似文献
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1995年以来,针对严重的区域性地面沉降和地裂缝灾害,苏锡常地区地下水资源保护和管理工作逐渐加强,特别是从2000年开始,江苏省政府分阶段实施限期禁止开采工作,首先在超采区实行地下水禁采,到2005年底,在苏锡常地区全面禁止开采地下水,全区地下水环境、地面沉降状况出现明显好转,地下水水位普遍回升,地面沉降速率逐渐减缓。根据近年来苏锡常地区地面沉降基岩标、分层标的系统监测资料,对地下水禁采后地质环境的效应特别是地面沉降的变化特征进行了初步分析、研究,并对该区今后地质环境保护工作提出了对策和建议。 相似文献
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通过在分析上海市地下水环境特征及地下水资源开发利用产生的环境问题,依据地下水位及地面沉降多年监测数据,确定了地下水位及地面沉降控制指标,并对地下水环境容量模型计算结果进行评价,在将其地下水资源管理应用中,取得较好成效。 相似文献
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该文分析了中国北方平原地区第四纪河流冲积形成的多元地层结构的特点,概述了地下水资源开发利用现状及地面沉降危害.依据阜阳市地下水水位和地面沉降历史,采用-维固结模型计算了土力学参数,预测了不同地下水水位的地面沉降量,提出了调整深层地下水开采量、控制水位、控制地面沉降的方案.在此基础上,探讨了中国北方地区地下水合理开发利用的对策. 相似文献
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北方平原地区多层松散孔隙含水层地下水开发与地面沉降研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文分析了中国北方平原地区第四纪河流冲积形成的多元地层结构的特点,概述了地下水资源开发利用现状及地面沉降危害.依据阜阳市地下水水位和地面沉降历史,采用-维固结模型计算了土力学参数,预测了不同地下水水位的地面沉降量,提出了调整深层地下水开采量、控制水位、控制地面沉降的方案.在此基础上,探讨了中国北方地区地下水合理开发利用的对策. 相似文献
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为了准确模拟评价沧州市地下水开采对地面沉降的影响,为沧州市政规划和地下水资源管理提供决策依据,基于比奥固结理论,建立了地下水开采与地面沉降三维全耦合数学模型。在对模型进行识别和校正的基础上,模拟预测了在地下水现状开采情况下,从2010年12月31日至2025年12月31日逐年的地面沉降变化趋势,并根据地面沉降速率对地面沉降进行了地质灾害预警分区。结果表明,到2025年12月31日,沧州市累计最大地面沉降量为466.82 mm,最小地面沉降量为241.54 mm,大部分地区为四级预警区和五级预警区,仅肃宁县为三级预警区。 相似文献
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最近20年来,太湖水质不断恶化,富营养问题日益严重。有效治理太湖当前污染的前提,是查明太湖的污染因子、途径及环境容量。本次研究从生态地质的角度,以太湖水体中水生植物的组成、生态效应分析为依据、以东太湖输出Ⅲ类水为目标,估算太湖水体的N、P环境容量,对太湖水体环境容量问题作初步的尝试和探索。 相似文献
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ZHANG Shao-cai LIU Li-jun LIU Zhi-gang WANG Jun-jie CUI Qiu-ping WANG Juan 《地下水科学与工程》2014,2(4):97-104
In recent years, the mountain springs in the bedrock mountainous area of Hebei are decreasing in terms of both quantity and flow rate, which have affected the domestic water and production water supply for people in this area, due to which driven wells have been built with the expectation to relieve the problem. However, this work doesn’t achieve much success due to the complex geological conditions in the bedrock mountainous area and tends to cause huge economic losses. In order to improve the success rate of this work, the authors of this paper made a summary about the type of reservoir structure, water storage conditions and characteristics, by drawing experience from the former practices of digging wells in the mountainous area of Hebei to search for water to relieve drought in 2011, referring to the research results about bedrock summarized by former researchers, employing the reservoir structure theory and by considering the stratum condition of the bedrock mountain area of Hebei. Based on the summary, the authors figure out the major reservoir structure and water research methods for mountainous regions where have metamorphic rocks, carbonate rocks and volcanic rocks distributed, which may offer some valuable guidance to future water researches in the bedrock mountainous area of Hebei 相似文献
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A. El-Naqa 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(3):257-271
Hydrological and hydrogeological data in the area have been verified to evaluate the availability and the potentiality of the water resources for the proposed damsites in the Wadi el Mujib catchment area, which is considered a semiarid to arid region. The quantity of the surface waters is very small compared with the surface area of the basin, however, due to the shortage of precipitation in the country and the necessity to attain socioeconomic objectives, the investigation of these waters has become more vital. The most reliable exploitation can be essentially achieved by constructing small storage dams on the suitable sites in order to benefit from the flood waters coming from the main wadis. For the above purpose, the hydrogeological and hydrological study of Wadi el Mujib catchment area was carried out, where the Wadi Mujib dam site will be constructed. The hydrogeological investigation of the groundwater was performed by constructing a groundwater contour map of the Amman-Wadi Es Sir aquifer (B2/A7) so as to verify the groundwater flow system and to determine the potentiality of the aquifer from the hydraulic parameters obtained from the pumping test analysis. The hydrological feasibility study of the dam was carried out by evaluating the water balance for a long-term period (1970 to 1990) in order to obtain reliable data that can be used to estimate the recharge to B2/A7 aquifer. In addition, a frequency analysis was performed to estimate the flood design of the reservoir area as well as the spillway at the proposed dam site. 相似文献
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Groundwater resources in karst area in Southern China and sustainable utilization pattern 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
XIA Ri-yuan 《地下水科学与工程》2016,4(4):301-309
Occurrence conditions of groundwater in southern karst area are complicated. The water-bearing media in the karst have multiplicity, and the groundwater is hosted in holes, gaps, seams, pipes and caves. The karst water shows heterogeneity where fast and slow flow coexist, and the Darcy and non-Darcy flow coexist, and the liquid flow, the gas flow and solid flow coexist. The evaluation and investigation indicates that the mineable resource of karst groundwater is about 53.44 billion m3/y, and the current exploitation quantity is merely 6.565 billion m3/year. The exploitation and utilization potential is gigantic. In the region there are altogether 2 763 karst subterranean rivers with a total length of 12 687 km. The dry season runoff volume equals to 47 billion m3/year. At present the exploitation is only 10%. Four effective utilization models of karst groundwater resources have been put forward. (1) The karst hills-depression zone formed the surface-underground united reservoir. By digging tunnels, water diversion irrigation and generating electricity, the ecological economy is developed. (2) In the deep-cut peak cluster depression area, by using the high-part Epikarst spring and constructing the regulation and storage water tank, the stereo ecological agriculture is developed. (3) In the karst peak forest plain and hilly-gully area, the pump-type underground regulating reservoir is constructed and the water-saving ecological agriculture is strengthened. (4) In the fault basin region with the surrounding groundwater runoff belting beam backwater, the water resources are jointly controlled to develop a fruit crop base within the basin. 相似文献
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M. Fontana F. Grassa G. Cusimano R. Favara S. Hauser C. Scaletta 《Environmental Geology》2009,57(4):885-898
In the Rocca Busambra area (mid-west Sicily, Italy), from November 1999 to July 2002, 23 water points including wells and
springs were sampled and studied for their chemical and isotopic compositions. Two rain gauges were also installed at different
altitudes, and rainwater was collected monthly to determine the isotopic composition. The obtained results revealed the Rocca
Busambra carbonate complex as being the main recharge area on account of its high permeability value. From a chemical view
point, two main groups of water can be distinguished: calcium–magnesium–bicarbonate-type and calcium–magnesium–chloride–sulphate-type
waters. The first group reflects the dissolution of the carbonate rocks; the second group probably originates from circulation
within flyschoid sediments. Three water wells differ from the other samples due to their relatively high Na and K content,
which probably is to be referred to a marked interaction with the “Calcareniti di Corleone” formation, which is rich in glauconite
[(K, Na)(Fe3+, Al, Mg)2(Si, Al)4O10(OH)2]. In accordance with WHO guidelines for drinking water (2004), almost all the samples collected can be considered drinkable,
with the exception of four of them, whose NO3
−, F− and Na+ contents exceed the limits. On the contrary, the sampled groundwater studied is basically suitable for irrigation. 相似文献
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The Natuf drainage basin in the western hills of Ramallah district is about 200 km2
. Many springs emerge in the area from perched aquifers and outcrop from limestone and dolomite limestone formations. This study
aims to add more information about hydrochemical parameters and the chemical changes in spring water between dry and wet seasons
and to locate possible sources of pollution and their effect on the water quality of water from the springs for domestic and
agricultural uses. The study involved collection and analysis by conventional and available instrumental methods for the hydrochemical
parameters from 12 springs before and after recharge. Water samples of runoff from two places in eastern and western parts
of the study area were collected and analyzed as well. Most of the springs in the study area are of good water quality for
domestic and agricultural uses. Variations in the chemical composition between dry and wet seasons, and from one spring to
another, were observed. Springs near densely populated areas and agricultural activities show higher values of EC, SSP, SAR
and TH. Also uncountable colonies of faecal- and total coliform were detected. Trace amounts, within World Health Organization
(WHO) and the Palestinian standard limits, of cadmium, chromium, cobalt and lead are found in some springs; while concentrations
of iron and zinc that were detected in springs near populated areas are higher than other springs. Water types of Ein Musbah,
Al Alaq and Ein Arik El Tehta are of earth alkaline with increased portion of alkalis with prevailing bicarbonate and chloride
in wet and dry seasons. Other springs show a variation in water type between earth alkaline with prevailing bicarbonate in
the wet seasons to earth alkaline with prevailing bicarbonate and chloride in the dry seasons.
相似文献
| Marwan Ghanem (Corresponding author)Email: |
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The delta Wadi El-Arish area of the Sinai Peninsula is one of the most important parts of Egypt for industrial and agricultural expansion projects because of its relatively abundant supply of groundwater. This study focuses on the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Quaternary aquifer in the delta Wadi El-Arish area and on the impacts pumping has had on groundwater quality. The objectives were to determine the relationships between groundwater pumping and water levels and water quality, to estimate the hydraulic parameters of the Quaternary aquifer, and to determine the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer and its suitability for irrigation. The conclusions are: (1) potentiometric surface elevations have declined by an average of about 0.5 m since 1981 in response to an increase in pumping, (2) the transmissivity of the lower Pleistocene calcareous sandstone (kurkar) unit is higher than the transmissivity of the upper Pleistocene alluvium, (3) groundwater in the Pleistocene aquifer is augmented with groundwater leaking from the overlying Holocene sand dune deposits through the intervening sandy clay aquitard, (4) groundwater in the kurkar is of lower quality than groundwater in the alluvium, (5) total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations have increased by an average of about 1500 ppm since 1962, (6) an increase in saltwater intrusion has occurred in the northern part of the study area, and (7) the irrigation suitability of groundwater pumped from wells in much of the area is limited to salt tolerant crops. Our recommendations are: (1) no new pumping wells should be drilled and no increase in pumping rates should be allowed in the delta Wadi El-Arish area, (2) reliable estimates of the quantity of groundwater recharge should be made, (3) flood irrigation systems should be replaced by either drip or sprinkler 相似文献
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The demand for water resources in the area south of the Dead Sea due to continued development, especially at the Arab Potash
Company (APC) works necessitates that water quality in the area be monitored and evaluated based on the local geology and
hydrogeology. The objective of this paper is to provide information on the past and present status of the main aquifers under
exploitation or planned for future development. Two main aquifers are discussed: the Safi water field, presently being operated,
and the Dhiraa water field, which is being developed. The aquifer developed in the Safi water field is shallow and fed by
the Hasa fault system, which drains a significant portion of the Karak mountains. This aquifer seems to be well replenished
within the core, where no obvious long-term degradation in water quality can be identified. However, in the low recharge areas
within the distal portions of the alluvial fan, there has been a degradation in water quality with time. The degradation is
caused by the dissolution of the Lisan Marl, which is present at the outskirts of the fan system, based on hydrochemistry
of water in the wells. The Dhiraa field is a deep (800–950 m) aquifer drilled specifically for the extraction of brackish
water present in the Kurnub aquifer. Available data indicate that there are at least three distinct water types within this
field. These water types are variable in quality, and there may be potential for mixing of these waters, thus affecting the
quality of the freshest waters presently available. Tritium and oxygen isotope analysis indicate that the water is old and
possibly nonrenewable.
Received: 24 July 1995 · Accepted: 26 September 1995 相似文献
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S. K. Chaulya M. K. Chakraborty M. Ahmad K. K. K. Singh R. S. Singh B. K. Tewary P. K. Gupta 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(10):1155-1162
A study has been conducted at the Bicholim iron-ore mine, North Goa, India to investigate the hydrogeological continuity
between the mine's open pit and surrounding villages. Water resource accounting by demarcating different watersheds has also
been carried out to analyse the major causes of groundwater scarcity in the region during dry periods. A resistivity survey
and a ground penetrating radar survey were completed around the periphery of open pits, the surrounding village areas and
Mayem Lake. The results of the two independent surveys and other related data confirm that there is no observable hydrogeological
continuity between the pits, nearby villages and Mayem Lake. Hence, there may not be any significant effect on surrounding
water resources due to mining or mine dewatering. Water resource accounting has revealed that only 15–20% of 3500 mm precipitation
per annum becomes part of the groundwater resource. The remainder of the annual precipitation is lost as heavy runoff, evapotranspiration
and subsurface capillary moisture. Closely spaced wells in the region have also aggravated the groundwater scarcity problem
due to draw down effects. Therefore, an effective water resource conservation plan is required for the region to overcome
the problem.
Received: 18 January 1999 · Accepted: 17 May 1999 相似文献
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Z. Wanfang 《Environmental Geology》1997,30(3-4):280-284
The Hanxing mining area of North China includes three coalfields: Fengfeng, Handan and Xingtai. Six or seven coal seams can
be commercially mined in Permo-Carboniferous strata, among which the lower three, accounting for 37% of the total reserves,
are threatened with karst water from the underlain Ordovician limestone. Hundreds of water inrush accidents have occurred
and over 30 mines have been flooded, resulting in heavy economic losses and casualties. In order to avoid water inrushes and
keep the mines safely operational, dewatering in the karst aquifer was considered an essential measure. Unfortunately, this
practice has caused serious environmental problems such as surface subsidence (sinkhole), dry spring, and water supply shortage.
On the basis of a series of investigations and tests in the last 20 years, an alternative method, mining with water pressure,
has been proposed and is the main focus of this paper. By using this method, the karst water in the limestone can be preserved
to some extent and the coals can be mined in a relatively safe way.
Received: 22 March 1996 · Accepted: 8 April 1996 相似文献