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安徽马鞍山磷铝石宝石矿物学特征研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
近年来在安徽马鞍山地区所在的绿松石矿体附近,相继发现一种绿色、半透明的磷铝石,部分达到宝石级别。本文采用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射仪、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、紫外可见光谱仪等测试技术,对该地区磷铝石的化学成分、矿物成分、微观结构和光谱特征进行对比验证和综合分析,研究其水的赋存形式,进而对磷铝石的呈色机制作了深入探讨。电子探针分析显示该地区磷铝石的化学成分主要以Al、P元素组成,含微量的Fe、V元素。X射线粉晶衍射与红外吸收光谱分析表明主要矿物为磷铝石,基本不含有其他杂质矿物;磷铝石是一种水合磷酸盐矿物,含有结晶水以及少量结构水的矿物,且结晶水与结构水多与Al3+(Fe3+)相结合的形式存在。偏光显微镜和扫描电镜观察显示磷铝石整体以鳞片状集合体产出,微观上多以短柱状及板片状堆积,单个晶体显示斜方晶系结晶生长习性。紫外可见吸收光谱中639 nm处吸收谱峰由Fe3+与V3+联合所致,300、423、864 nm处吸收峰由Fe3+所致,说明Fe3+与V3+的共同作用是马鞍山地区磷铝石呈现绿色的主要原因。本研究对于认识该类磷铝石的宝石矿物学性质以及颜色成因具有一定意义。 相似文献
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光彩石产于福建省南平稀有金属花岗伟晶岩矿田的石英－白云母－锂辉石伟晶岩中与磷锂铝石，天蓝石等紧密共生，是由原生磷锂铝石交代蚀变生成的次生矿物。本文系统地展示了南平光彩石的产状及共生组合、物性及光性特征、化学成分、X射线衍射特征、红外光谱、差热特征等。 指出了光彩石的产出与否是判定伟晶岩稀有金属矿化的标志。 相似文献
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通过野外采样、化学分析、电子探针(EPMA)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析等手段,研究了贵州织金地区黑色页岩矿物成分、化学组分、微量元素、稀土元素特征。研究区矿样化学成分以SiO_2和Al_2O_3为主,且具有高K低Na的特征。电子探针和X射线衍射分析表明,研究区黑色页岩主要矿物组成有石英、粘土矿物、白云石及黄铁矿等。织金黑色页岩中Pb、Ni、U、V、Cr等金属元素存在不同程度的富集,稀土元素总量为153.2×10~(-6)~224.89×10~(-6),属轻稀土元素富集型。同时从多金属层、页岩气、页岩提钾及近底部含磷铀矿资源等方面讨论了织金黑色页岩资源化利用。织金黑色页岩多金属层含有Mo、V、Ni、Ag及U等多金属元素,具综合利用价值;其中有机碳含量达到页岩气开发大于2%的条件,可进一步开展研究;页岩中伊利石含量较多,可提取黑色页岩中的钾制备含钾复合肥;黑色页岩底部与磷矿层接触带产出磷铀矿,主要为胶状磷铀矿,接触带可作为铀矿找矿的标志层。 相似文献
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云南磷铝石谱学特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
使用电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、激光拉曼光谱仪、紫外可见分光光度计等仪器,对最近在云南发现的一种达到宝石级别的磷铝石进行了化学成分、矿物组成、红外吸收光谱、拉曼光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱等方面的研究。化学成分分析结果表明,该磷铝石的主要化学成分为P和Al,并含有少量的Fe和V;X射线粉晶衍射结果显示,该磷铝石的矿物成分主要为磷铝石,杂质较少;红外光谱与拉曼光谱分析均检出磷酸根基团的特征峰,红外光谱分析还显示有结晶水与结构水的存在;紫外可见吸收光谱在300和420 nm附近的吸收归属于Fe3+,630 nm附近较宽缓的吸收带由Fe3+和V3+共同产生。并将磷铝石与绿松石进行了谱学方面的对比分析,以便更好地区分两者。 相似文献
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石英岩质玉是一种市场上常见且产地较多的玉石品种,本文基于前人石英岩质玉的研究基础,通过常规宝石学测试、红外光谱测试、偏反光显微镜下观察,以及采用X射线粉晶衍射、X射线荧光光谱、电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对样品的宝石学特征、矿物组成进行分析,并对其成因进行讨论。结果表明:该地区黑色石英岩质玉多为中-细粒粒状结构,偏光显微镜观察可见多种变晶/变余结构;成分中主要矿物石英平均含量为44.7%,次要矿物云母、长石平均含量合计31.0%,黏土矿物平均含量为12.7%,另含有有机碳以及红柱石、铁铝榴石、黄铁矿等铁质矿物;结合样品结构、构造特征及矿物化学成分分析可知,样品为典型副变质岩系的中、低温热液交代型区域变质岩,属绿片岩相,原岩为富铝且富含石英、长石的沉积岩,其形成的构造环境属大陆边缘构造。本研究为该地区石英岩质玉的矿物组成鉴定提供了多手段技术支撑。 相似文献
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通过电子探针测试和X射线粉晶衍射分析,对新疆库鲁克塔格兴地塔格群中红色石榴石样品的矿物学特征进行了研究。电子探针测试结果显示,不同变质期次形成的石榴石,铁铝榴石端员组分均由核部到边部逐渐增加,锰铝榴石均由核部向边缘逐渐减少,镁铝榴石由核部到边部逐渐增加,钙质系列石榴石总含量很低且变化稳定。研究表明,兴地塔格群石榴石由核部至边缘生长温度整体上升,形成压力基本稳定,石榴石形成环境的变质程度逐渐提高。根据X射线粉晶衍射数据计算出石榴石的晶胞参数较理论值大,是由Ca2+、Mn2+两种大半径离子对Fe2+的置换数目多于小半径Mg2+对Fe2+的置换引起的。 相似文献
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黄家湾矿床是近几年在贵州遵义地区寒武系底部黑色页岩中新发现的以Ni-Mo为主的多元素矿床,本文首次对该矿床成矿阶段方解石的流体包裹体、REE和C、O同位素组成特征进行了系统研究.研究结果显示:(1)该矿床成矿阶段方解石中含有3种类型的流体包裹体:富液相气液两相水溶液包裹体;富气相气液两相水溶液包裹体;纯液相包裹体.它们的气相分数变化较大,显示成矿过程中可能发生过沸腾作用.流体包裹体的显微测温结果显示,成矿流体的冰点温度为-11.6～-5.5℃,流体盐度变化范围为8.55％ ～ 15.57％ NaCleqv,均一温度为109.0 ～ 181.8℃,对应流体密度为0.97 ～ 1.44g·cm-3;(2)遵义黄家湾钼-镍多金属矿床中与成矿期有关的方解石的稀土总量高且变化范围宽(39.9×10-6～ 275×10-6),配分曲线为轻稀土富集((La/Yb)N=29.6 ～63.3)的右倾型,且铕正异常明显(Eu/Eu*为2.14～14.8),与现代海底热液矿床中方解石的稀土特征类似;(3)同位素测定显示成矿流体的碳氧同位素组成分别为δ13C V-PDB=-6.3‰～-5.7‰,δ18OV-SMOW=15.6‰ ～16.0‰,计算得到流体水的δ18OV-SMOW-H2O‰平均值变化于-0.97‰～ +5.16‰之间.上述综合研究表明:黄家湾Ni-Mo多金属矿床成矿流体主要为海水和地层中的建造水(盆地热卤水),同时由海水演化来的海底热液也参与了成矿过程.成矿流体中的碳可能由深源碳与海相碳酸盐岩共同提供. 相似文献
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Lower Cambrian Black Rock Series and Associated Stratiform Deposits in Southern China 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
Widespread in more than ten provinces of southern China are the Lower Cambrian black argillaceous-arenaceous rock series consisting of black carbonaceous shales,black carbonaceousargillo-siliceous rocks,black carbonaceous silicolite and black silicolite and black carbonaceous argillaceous siltstone.The Ni,Mo,V,Cu,U,Ba,Ag,P contents of these series are usually several to tens of times higher than their average values in shales.As viewed from lithological sequence,element association and evolution,these black series can be diveided into two types.There occur a variety of deposits in the black rock series,such as phosphorite deposits,Ni-Mo-V polymetal deposits and “Stone coal“ seams.According to ore composition,texture and structure,the phosphorite deposits fall into three types,i.e.,thick-bedded,lenticular and nodular,The Ni-Mo-V polymetal deposits,V deposits and reworked sedimentary CU-U-Cd polymetal deposits in terms of their element assiciation and ore genesis.As for the stratiform deposits in the black rock series,three mineralization stages have been recognized,i.e.,the formation of phosphorite deposits,of Ni-Mo polymetal deposits and of V-Cu-U-Cd polymetal deposits as well as of “:stone coal“ seams.Evidence strongly suggests that lower organisms have played an important role in mineralization. Our studies indicate that the Lower Cambrian black argillaceous-arenaceous rock series in southern China and their associated stratiform deposits occur generally in the basal parts of a big sedimentary cycle,i.e.,the initial period of a transgression,or in the fine detrital-siliceous formation between two carbonate formatons,formed in a humid climatic zone between two arid ones.As for the environment of deposition,it is suggested that the Lower Cambrian black argillaceous-arenaceous rock series and associated stratiform deposits(excluding thick-bedded phosphorite deposits)were formed mainly in a restricted and poorly-fed sea basin of stagnant shallow water containing abundant lower or ganisms and organic matter under statically hydrodynamic conditions. 相似文献
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内蒙古狼山—渣尔泰山地区与黑色岩系有关的铂族元素矿床找矿前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
铂族元素(PGE)为中国急缺的矿产资源。近年来,国外(如俄罗斯)在黑色岩系内发现了非传统类型的PGE矿床,中国南方也发现了与黑色岩系有关的PGE矿化。黑色岩系将成为PGE和稀有金属的一种新来源。内蒙古中西部狼山—渣尔泰山地区属中元古代裂谷系,具有类似的区域成矿构造背景,黑色岩系极为发育,并在黑色岩系分布区发现有砂铂矿床、PGE重砂异常及一系列与黑色岩系有关的金铜多金属矿床等良好的找矿线索,具有寻找与黑色岩系有关的PGE矿床的找矿前景。 相似文献
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华南扬子地块是我国古热水沉积成矿作用最为发育的地区之一,其热水沉积特性最早引起我国学者的关注。华南下寒武统黑色岩系中赋存多个与热水沉积成矿作用相关的大型、超大型重晶石矿床与N i-Mo-U-V多金属富集层。进一步研究分布在华南扬子地块黑色岩系中的金属、非金属矿床成因及其地球化学特征,对认识华南乃至全球晚震旦—早寒武世生物与环境演化有着十分重要的意义。本文对华南下寒武统镍-钼富集层矿石进行电子探针研究,识别出黄铜矿、黝铜矿等铜的独立矿物;闪锌矿等锌的独立矿物;方铅矿、白铅矿等铅的独立矿物。研究表明,在镍-钼矿石中这些矿物的发现为镍-钼矿层是热水沉积作用产物提供了直接的矿物学证据。 相似文献
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新疆天山黑色岩系型矿床的地质特征及找矿方向 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
概要介绍了中国天山黑色岩系分布和黑色岩系型矿床的地质特征。中国天山黑色岩系发育，主要集中在古生代，其次为中生代，目前发现与黑色岩系有关的矿种有金、钒、铀、磷、锑。中亚天山黑色岩系中发现了穆龙套和库姆托尔世界级金矿床，中国天山是其东延部分，发现了萨瓦亚尔顿、大山口、萨恨托亥等金矿床，呈现出良好的找矿前景。穆龙套金矿和萨瓦亚尔顿金矿是黑色岩系型金矿的典型代表，中国黑色岩系型金矿与中亚黑色岩系型金矿有许多相似之处。分析认为，吉根-塔尔特库里、乌兰赛尔-大山口、乌什北山、阿克牙孜河等地是最具前景的找金矿靶区，今后应加大萨瓦亚尔顿金矿的勘查和研究力度，同时注意寻找黑色岩系中的铂、钯、铜等矿种。 相似文献
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The Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) is a large tonnage lower-grade deposit with a reserve of about 148 tons of gold. Gold mineralization is characterized by pyrite and pyrrhotite films and thin veins on the schistosity plane of the Proterozoic black shales. The orebodies, strictly controlled by a near EW-trending shear zone, are stratabound within carbonaceous phyllite and andalusite-garnet schist of the Bilute Formation. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic data show that the ore-forming fluid was derived from a magmatic source and mixed with meteoric water. Sulfur and carbon isotope data indicate that most of the sulfur and carbon came from the black shale strata. Well-defined biotite Ar-Ar plateau age and inverse isochron age show that the deposit formed at ca. 270Ma, which suggests a probable link between Hercynian magmatism and gold mineralization. Studies on regional geology, ore geology, isotope geochemistry, and ore-forming age substantiate a complex evolutionary history of the deposit. The Proterozoic black shales rich in gold, sulfur, and organic matter, which were deposited in the Proterozoic continental margin rifts, comprised the source bed for gold mineralization. EW-ENE-structures, products of Palaeozoic orogenic process, provided pathways and mineralization space for ore-forming fluids. Hercynian tectono-magmatism and subsequent hydrothermal events remobilized gold and drove the ore-forming fluids to dilatational fracture zones. Related to postcollisional magmatic hydrothermal events, the Haoyaoerhudong gold deposit is considered as a special type of orogenic gold deposit formed in the compression–extension transition stage. 相似文献
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This work presents petrological and geochemical results of the black shales interval from Permian and Devonian strata of the
Paraná Basin, Brazil and its relationships with fluoride of groundwater from Guarani Aquifer System. The Guarani Aquifer,
located in South Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentine, presents contents of fluoride higher than the Brazilian accepted
potability limits. Several hypotheses have been presented for the origin of the fluoride in the groundwater of the Guarani
Aquifer. Microcrystalline fluorite was registered in black shales of Ponta Grossa and Irati formations from Paraná Basin.
The results shown in this work suggest that fluoride present in groundwater of Guarani Aquifer can be originated in deeper
groundwater that circulates in Ponta Grossa and Irati formations. The interaction of the groundwater coming from deeper black
shales with the groundwater-bearing Aquifer Guarani System occurs through regional fragile structures (faults and fractures)
that constitute excellent hydraulic connectors between the two sedimentary packages. The microcrystalline fluorite registered
in Ponta Grossa and Irati Formations can be dissolved promoting fluoride enrichment in groundwater of these black shales and
Guarani Aquifer System. 相似文献
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遵义下寒武统富硒黑色岩系地球化学: 成因和硒富集机理 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用XRF、ICP-MS和氢化物原子荧光光谱测试方法系统分析了贵州遵义下寒武统富硒黑色岩系中钾质斑脱岩、磷块岩、黑色页岩、硅质岩和Ni-Mo金属层样品中的主元素、微量元素、稀土元素及分散元素Se的组成.地球化学研究表明: 该套黑色岩系在成因上主要表现为热水沉积特征, 同时存在火山活动的影响.另外, 各层位样品都具有分散元素硒的富集异常特征.综合研究表明, 研究区分散元素硒的富集可能与大量硫化物的存在、热水沉积作用和火山作用有关. 相似文献
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B. Kříbek 《Mineralium Deposita》1991,26(2):122-131
Accumulation of metals in anoxic environments occurs by sorption and precipitation from seawater, fossil brines or hydrothermal solutions. Metals can be remobilized during subsequent metamorphic and magmatic processes and form ore deposits. This type of mineralization is governed chiefly by the type of tectonic setting of the anoxic environment. Carbonaceous sediments of passive margins contain only subeconomic concentrations of uranium, vanadium and molybdenum. Cubearing black shales and the submarine-exhalative type of mineralization are confined to the environments of continental rifts and aulacogens or to back-arc basins of active margins. Metamorphogenic deposits are mainly connected with collision margins but they may also occur in other types of tectonic environments. The formation of Cu-bearing black shales was controlled by period of low sea-level during the break-up of supercontinents in the Earth's evolution. Increased contents of uranium and vanadium accumulated in black shales in periods of sealevel highstands. Lithological control is apparent in deposits of Cu-bearing and uraniferous black shales. On the contrary, the occurrence of polymetallic mineralization does not depend on the lithological maturity of carbonaceous sediments. 相似文献
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下扬子地区早古生代发育3套重要的深水相黑色岩系,分别为下寒武统荷塘组和黄柏岭组、上奥陶统五峰组、下志留统高家边组和相当层位的霞乡组。27件样品的微量和稀土元素分析结果显示：此3套黑色岩系具有Li、Be、Rb、Ba、Cs、W、Th、U、Cd、Bi、Pb等元素富集,Sc、Sr,Cr、Cu、Ga、Co、Ni等元素亏损,稀土元素总量较高,轻重稀土分异明显和具负Eu异常等壳源物质特征;微量不活动元素含量和比值特征的构造环境判别表明,下扬子地区早古生代黑色岩系构造环境为大陆岛弧和活动大陆边缘,兼具被动大陆边缘特征;母岩以上地壳的再旋回沉积物和后太古宙地层沉积物为主,部分为未分异的太古宙地壳和玄武岩成分,源岩性质主要为安山岩、英安岩和沉积岩;沉积环境为缺氧的半深海、深海环境。在上述研究基础上,对物源的来源进行了探讨,认为物源主要来自江南造山带。 相似文献