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1.
峨眉山溢流玄武岩省高钛玄武岩的两种不同地幔源特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨和揭示峨眉山高钛玄武岩的幔源特征,以二滩高钛玄武岩为研究对象进行了主要元素、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的系统研究。研究表明:二滩高钛玄武岩可分为A和B两组玄武岩;两组岩石间的微量元素(Rb﹑K﹑Ba﹑Th﹑Nb和Ta)富集程度和微量元素比值(Ba/Nb﹑Ba/Th﹑Zr/Nb﹑Th/La、Zr/Hf)以及同位素比值(87Sr/86Sr、208Pb*/206Pb*)均存在较为明显的差异。造成这种差异的原因不是岩浆过程(结晶分异、地壳混染、部分熔融)的不同,而是A组和B组具有不同的地幔源。A组具有EM II特征,可能为富含辉石岩的交代地幔部分熔融所形成;B组则具有EM I和C组分的混合特征,可能为交代谱系较宽的地幔物质熔融所形成。 相似文献
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中国东南部浙江境内分布有大量新生代板内玄武岩，这些玄武岩的分布受到三条北东—南西向的断裂控制，将浙江玄武岩分为西部、中部、东部三个区域。其中，出露于浙江西部江山-绍兴断裂带的建德玄武岩是浙江境内最古老的新生代玄武岩（约40 Ma）。为进一步认识浙江境内新生代岩浆作用的本质，测定了建德玄武岩的元素组成和Sr、Nd、Hf、Pb同位素组成，并在与浙江境内其它新生代玄武岩对比的基础上，探讨它们之间的成因联系。建德玄武岩为碧玄岩，与浙江西部其它新生代玄武岩一样，碱性程度明显高于浙江中部和东部的新生代玄武岩（以弱碱性的碱性橄榄玄武岩和拉斑玄武岩为主）。这些玄武岩具有较低的SiO2 (41.3~42.3 wt%）和Al2O3（9.70~12.6 wt%）含量，较高的MgO（8.90~15.6 wt%）、CaO（8.92~12.1 wt%）、TiO2（2.78~3.18 wt%）和Fe2O3T（14.1~16.2 wt%）含量以及较高的Ca/Al（1.02~1.16）比值。不相容微量元素组成上与火成碳酸岩具有亲缘性，即蛛网图上表现为明显的K、Zr、Hf、Ti的负异常（Hf/Hf*=0.74~0.77, Ti/Ti*=0.70~0.74），同时具有高的Zr/Hf比值（48.5~50.1），表明其地幔源区含有碳酸盐组分。建德玄武岩具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成（87Sr/86Sr=0.7032~0.7034, εNd=5.85~5.95, εHf=7.78~8.56）和较高的206Pb/204Pb（18.491~18.554）、207Pb/204Pb（15.488~15.518）和208Pb/204Pb（38.387~38.523）比值。相比浙江中部和东部玄武岩，浙江西部玄武岩及建德玄武岩具有更高的碱含量、不相容微量元素含量、La/Yb比值和更明显的K、Zr、Hf、Ti负异常，表明浙江西部玄武岩是碳酸盐化地幔低程度熔融的产物。浙江新生代玄武岩的Ti/Ti*与Ba/Th、K/La比值之间较好的正相关性表明其源区存在两端元混合的特征。其中，以浙江西部玄武岩（包括建德玄武岩）为代表的地幔端元是由含碳酸盐的再循环洋壳熔融产生的碳酸盐熔体与亏损地幔反应形成的碳酸盐化地幔，以较低的Ba/Th、K/La和Ti/Ti*比值为特征。以浙江东部玄武岩为代表的地幔端元具有和碳酸盐化地幔端元互补的、较高的Ba/Th、K/La和Ti/Ti*比值，代表熔融残余的再循环洋壳。因此，浙江新生代玄武岩的地幔源区是不均一的，这种不均一性主要是由具有成因联系的两种端元组分所控制。 相似文献
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新疆博格达东缘色皮口地区晚石炭世裂谷火山岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
新疆色皮口地区位于博格达造山带东段北部,区域内的上石炭统柳树沟组火山岩为玄武岩-玄武安山岩、角斑岩-石英角斑岩和流纹岩,组成双峰式火山岩建造。岩石SiO 2含量为48.07%~77.62%,赖特碱度率(AR)为1.35~4.7,Na2O+K2O含量为3.74%~9.02%,K2O/Na2O值为0.04~1.04,为低钾高钠钙碱性-碱性岩石。玄武岩、玄武安山岩TiO 2=0.86%~1.7%,较高的Al、低Mg,以及低K2O/TiO 2和K2O/P2O5比值(分别为0.13~1.81、0.36~6.00),反映了在岩浆演化过程中发生了不明显的分离结晶作用。玄武岩、玄武安山岩、角斑岩不相容元素K、Rb、Th、Ba强富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf无富集,Ti亏损不明显,玄武岩(Th/Nb)N值为1.36~6.55,Nb/La值为0.29~0.44,具有较低的Nb/Zr比值(0.03~0.05)。由玄武岩到石英角斑岩,稀土元素组成略右倾平行曲线簇,倾斜度(轻重稀土分异度)略增大,铕负异常趋于明显(δEu=0.81~1.17)。流纹岩不相容元素K、Rb、Th、Ba富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf富集,流纹岩稀土总量增高,轻重稀土分异增大,明显铕负异常(δEu=0.27~0.50),显示后期较强的岩浆分异作用。石英角斑岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果为314.9±1.2Ma(n=16,MSWD=0.4,Th/U比值在0.56~1.21之间),这表明石英角斑岩形成时代为晚石炭世。石英角斑岩中锆石的176Hf/177Hf比值均分布在0.282897~0.283097之间,并具有较高的正εHf值(11~18),平均值为14,Hf的模式年龄tDM2介于180~628Ma。所有锆石的176Hf/177Hf比值和εHf值位于亏损地幔演化线与下地壳之间,并靠近亏损地幔演化线。上述特点反映晚石炭世火山岩形成于板内裂谷环境,下部玄武岩与角斑岩-石英角斑岩具有同源特征,暗示岩浆源区来源于亏损地幔,并受地壳混染。 相似文献
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阿尔泰造山带南缘中泥盆世苦橄岩及其大地构造和岩石学意义 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：21
阿尔泰造山带南缘中泥盆世苦橄岩位于北塔山组地层的下部, 其上依次为玄武岩和安山岩.3种岩性共同的特点是贫钛、富铁, 具Nb和Ta的负异常以及高场强元素的丰度与MORB相当, 具有典型的岛弧火山岩系的特点, 是准噶尔洋板块向南西俯冲的结果.苦橄岩和玄武岩的Zr/Nb和Sm/Nd比值与MORB相当, 表明其源区为亏损的MORB源.然而玄武岩的Ti/V和Zr/Sm比值均高于苦橄岩, 而且玄武岩的稀土元素配分曲线呈平缓型, 而苦橄岩则显示出低的稀土总量以及弱富集轻稀土型, 指示了玄武岩是被从俯冲的洋壳释放的流体交代的含角闪石的尖晶石橄榄岩的地幔源区低程度部分熔融形成的, 苦橄岩则是在高温条件下被流体交代过的石榴石橄榄岩高程度熔融的产物.安山岩则可能是榴辉岩部分熔融形成的. 相似文献
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新疆西准噶尔北部地区的早泥盆世马拉苏组出露有少量富钠低钾的拉斑质中基性熔岩,这些分布于谢米斯台断裂北侧的玄武安山岩和玄武岩多呈夹层状断续产出于火山碎屑岩之中。马拉苏中基性熔岩的Mg#与主、微量元素协变关系及Th-Th/Nd图反映了其并非同源岩浆演化的结果。马拉苏火山岩中的玄武安山岩富集LILE、亏损HFSE,具有较高的Th含量及较低的Hf/Th和(Nb/Th)PM比值,显示出弧火山岩的地球化学特征。其中的玄武岩则具有略为平坦的稀土元素分配样式,较低的Th含量及较高的Hf/Th和(Nb/Th)PM比值,此同MORB地球化学特征极为相似;虽然其也显示有轻微的LILE富集、HFSE亏损,但是较高的La/Nb比值则暗示这同地壳或俯冲物质组分的卷入有关,且一系列构造环境判别图解也进一步印证了马拉苏组内的玄武岩应属似MORB基性熔岩。此外,两类岩石的高场强元素比值Zr/Nb、Hf/Ta同全球平均大洋中脊玄武岩的相应比值极为接近,反映了马拉苏组中基性火山岩的物质源区主体均为MORB地幔物质源区。La/Yb-Gd/Yb原始地幔标准化比值的模拟计算进一步显示了马拉苏组玄武安山岩与受改造(俯冲沉积物或地壳物质的混染)的石榴子石或尖晶石-石榴子石地幔橄榄岩物质源区的部分熔融作用有关,而似MORB型玄武岩则源自尖晶石地幔橄榄岩源区的部分熔融。结合区内同期的蛇绿岩、火山岩和碱性花岗岩的地球化学研究,我们可以进一步推断此类兼具有似MORB和弧火山岩地球化学特征的早泥盆世马拉苏火山岩应当是西准噶尔地块北部在早古生代受后期俯冲作用影响下经历弧后扩张形成的火山-岩浆地质记录。 相似文献
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《大地构造与成矿学》2015,(6)
作为华北克拉通破坏的响应,华北地区广泛发育新生代玄武岩。尽管前人对这些玄武岩做了大量的研究,但是对其地幔源区性质及成因机制仍存在激烈争论。本文首次报道山东山旺新生代玄武岩中橄榄石斑晶捕获的熔体包裹体的研究结果。相对于全岩成分,熔体包裹体的成分更加复杂,碱性玄武岩中熔体包裹体不仅有碱性玄武质,碱性粗面玄武质成分,同时还有拉斑玄武质成分。这指示新生代玄武岩的形成主要是受控于贫硅与富硅熔体的混合。碱性玄武岩中的熔体包裹体中存在拉斑玄武质熔体意味着在山东地区新生代玄武岩中首次发现拉斑玄武质组分,暗示新生代玄武岩地幔源区比之前认识的更加复杂和不均一,碱性玄武岩地幔源区同样存在富硅组分。综合华北、东北新生代玄武岩数据,可以把这些玄武岩划分为三类:低硅,高硅以及中间类型。低硅玄武岩具有高的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf,~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb,FeO,Na_2O+K_2O和Sm/Yb,低的SiO2_和Ba/Th比值;高硅玄武岩具有低的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf,~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb,FeO,Na_2O+K_2O和Sm/Yb,高SiO_2和Ba/Th比值,(Th/La)_N1和(Th/Ba)_N1。结合实验岩石学数据推断低硅玄武岩形成于贫硅辉石岩和富含角闪石的岩石的部分熔融,这些辉石岩和富含角闪石的岩石形成于近期的岩石圈地幔交代事件;高硅玄武岩的地幔源区含有富硅的古老大洋下地壳组分,结合实验岩石学数据推断高硅玄武岩形成于富硅辉石岩和橄榄岩的部分熔融。 相似文献
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新疆博格达东缘色皮口地区柳树沟组流纹岩地球化学、LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及地质意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新疆色皮口地区位于博格达造山带东段北部,区域内的上石炭统柳树沟组流纹岩分布较为广泛。色皮口地区流纹岩SiO2介于70.81%～77.62%,碱总量6.87%～9.02%,K2O/Na2O为0.74～1.04,K2O/TiO2和K2O/P2O5比值分别为10.38～18.83、72.45～242.14,A/CNK指数介于1.43～1.55,具有高硅、高铝质的特点。不相容元素K、Rb、Th、Ba富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf富集,ΣREE141.76×10-6～228.2×10-6,(La/Yb)N4.11～7.42,δEu0.27～0.50,流纹岩稀土总量较低,轻重稀土分异显著,铕负异常明显。流纹岩原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示Sr、Nb、Ta、P和Ti负异常,而Sr、P、Ti谷深,显示较强的岩浆分异作用。流纹岩的锆石LA-MC-ICP-MSU-Pb定年结果为314.0±1.1Ma(n=17,MSWD=1.6,Th/U比值在0.39～0.80之间),这表明流纹岩形成时代为晚石炭世。结合区域上前人的Sr-Nd、O和Hf同位素成果,推测区域分布的流纹岩可能来源于两个不同的源区:亏损地幔的幔源基性火成岩经过部分熔融或幔源玄武岩浆结晶分异和地壳物质部分熔融,可能代表了裂谷闭合时期构造应力场由拉张到挤压频繁转换作用的产物。 相似文献
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华南内陆在晚中生代发生了广泛的岩石圈伸展减薄事件,赣北新余地区的岭上超镁铁岩体形成于(120.8±1.4)Ma的早白垩世晚期,其作为钦杭结合带东段早白垩世幔源岩浆活动的记录,是研究华南中部晚中生代地幔属性及地球深部动力学过程的良好对象。在系统分析岭上超镁铁质岩的LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、Lu-Hf同位素和元素地球化学特征的基础上,探讨了该超镁铁质岩的源区特征及其所反映的大地构造背景。数据表明,岭上超镁铁岩在形成过程中未遭受明显的地壳混染,其MgO含量集中且与Ti O2、Al2O3、Ni、Th等元素之间不存在明显的线性关系,反映该岩体未发生显著的结晶分异作用。但Mg#的变化范围和La-Sm分异程度反映堆晶作用和部分熔融可能对岩浆演化有所影响。稀土和微量元素(如Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等)特征类似于板内玄武岩(OIB),低SiO2、高Ti、高Fe/Mn比值和Ni等特征均显示与软流圈地幔关系密切。但锆石εHf(t)(6.83～11.41)未达到亏损地幔的程度、Nb/Ta比值接近于岩石圈地幔值,且在相关元素图解中具尖晶石橄榄岩地幔源区低程度部分熔融的特征。反映岭上超镁铁岩可能是晚中生代陆内伸展背景下,上涌的软流圈物质与富集岩石圈地幔相互作用并发生部分熔融,深部超镁铁质岩浆沿构造薄弱带快速侵位的产物。 相似文献
10.
虽然微量元素模式用于解释玄武岩系列岩石成因已经有很大进展,但类似的研究在花岗质成分的火成岩上还比较少。通常花岗质熔融体矿物/熔融体稀土元素分配系数等于或大于玄武岩相似矿物的分配系数。因此,在部分熔融和分异作用时花岗岩熔体与残余相容易出现的玄武岩系列比较,这些矿物对稀土元素图谱的影响被夸大。对于K/Rb比值,如果在残余相中既不是钾长石成分,也不是黑云母—金云母成分出现,那么通过分异作用或部分熔融这两个因素,使熔融体K/Rb比值比母岩K/Rb比值减少是困难的。可以得到4个明显不同岩石的成因:(1)太古代云英闪长岩,推测是由太古代拉斑玄武岩在地幔深处部分熔融衍生来的,并留下石榴石加斜方辉石残余物;(2)太古代石英二长岩,推测是在地壳范围内由存在时间短的硬砂岩——泥岩序列部分熔融衍生;(3)塞斑岛英安岩,推测由玄武质母岩通过分异作用形成;(4)南极州罗斯岛粗面岩,推测由玄武岩类母岩分异作用和通过大陆壳组分混染作用形成。 相似文献
11.
Signatures of the source for the Emeishan flood basalts in the Ertan area： Pb isotope evidence 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Emeishan flood basalts can be divided into high-Ti (HT) basalt (Ti/Y>500) and low-Ti (LT) basalt (Ti/Y<500). Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the lavas indicate that the LT- and the HT-type magmas originated from distinct mantle sources and parental magmas. The LT-type magma was derived from a shallower lithospheric mantle, whereas the HT-type magma was derived from a deeper mantle source that may be possibly a mantle plume. However, few studies on the Emeishan flood basalts involved their Pb isotopes, especially the Ertan basalts. In this paper, the authors investigated basalt samples from the Ertan area in terms of Pb isotopes, in order to constrain the source of the Emeishan flood basalts. The ratios of 206Pb/204Pb (18.31–18.41), 207Pb/204Pb (15.55–15.56) and 208Pb/204Pb (38.81–38.94) are significantly higher than those of the depleted mantle, just lying between EM I and EM II. This indicates that the Emeishan HT basalts (in the Ertan area) are the result of mixing of EMI end-member and EMII end-member. 相似文献
12.
对信阳地区商丹断裂带南侧龟山岩组新元古代变质玄武岩进行了岩石学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究,分析结果显示该套玄武岩为亚碱性拉斑玄武系列,分为低Ti及高Ti两种类型：低Ti型较富Mg,不相容元素富集程度及稀土分馏程度较低,具有E-MORB的微量元素地球化学特征,Sr-Nd同位素组成相对富集,可能来自地幔柱引发的岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,并受到一定程度的地壳混染;高Ti型较富Fe,强烈富集不相容元素,具有OIB的地球化学特征,Sr-Nd同位素组成较为亏损,可能来自地幔柱的部分熔融,并较少受到地壳物质的影响。综合构造判别显示该套玄武岩可能为地幔柱伸展背景下的岩浆活动产物,可能为区域上沿商丹断裂带分布的中—新元古代局部伸展背景岩浆活动产物的组成部分。 相似文献
13.
Carsten Münker 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(24):7340-7361
Lunar rocks are inferred to tap the different fossil cumulate layers formed during crystallisation of a lunar magma ocean (LMO). A coherent dataset, including Zr isotope data and high precision HFSE (W, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf) and REE (Nd, Sm, Lu) data, all obtained by isotope dilution, can now provide new insights into the processes active during LMO crystallisation and during the petrogenesis of lunar magmas. Measured 92Zr and 91Zr abundances agree with the terrestrial value within 0.2 ε-units. Incompatible-trace-element enriched rocks from the Procellarum KREEP Terrane (PKT) display Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf above the bulk lunar value (ca. 17), and mare basalts display lower ratios, generally confirming the presence of complementary enriched and depleted mantle reservoirs on the Moon. The full compositional spectrum of lunar basalts, however, also requires interaction with ilmenite-rich layers in the lunar mantle. Notably, the high-Ti mare basalts analysed display the lowest Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf of all lunar rocks, and also higher Sm/Nd at similar Lu/Hf than low-Ti basalts. The high-Ti basalts also exhibit higher and strongly correlated Ta/W (up to 25) and Hf/W (up to 140), at similar W contents, which is difficult to reconcile with ortho- and clinopyroxene-controlled melting. Altogether, these patterns can be explained via assimilation of up to ca. 20% of ilmenite- and clinopyroxene-rich LMO cumulates by more depleted melts from the lower lunar mantle. Direct melting of ilmenite-rich cumulates or the possible presence of residual metals in the lunar mantle both cannot easily account for the observed Ta/W and Hf/W patterns. Cumulate assimilation is also a viable mechanism that can partially buffer the Lu/Hf of mare basalts at relatively low values while generating variable Sm/Nd. Thus, the dichotomy between low Lu/Hf of lunar basalts and high time integrated source Lu/Hf as inferred from Hf isotope compositions can potentially be explained. The proposed assimilation model also has important implications for the short-lived nuclide chronology of the Earth-Moon system. The new Hf/W and Ta/W data, together with a compilation of existing W-Th-U data for lunar rocks, indicate that the terrestrial and lunar mantles are indistinguishable in their Hf/W. Virtually identical εW and Hf/W in the terrestrial and lunar mantle suggest a strong link between final core-mantle equilibration on Earth and the Moon forming giant impact. Previously, linear arrays of lunar samples in 182W vs. Hf/W and 142Nd vs. Sm/Nd spaces have been interpreted as isochrons, arguing for LMO crystallisation as late as 250 Myrs after solar system formation. Based on the proposed assimilation model, the 182W and 142Nd in many lunar magmas can be shown to be decoupled from their ambient Hf/W and Sm/Nd source compositions. As a consequence, the 182W vs. Hf/W and 142Nd vs. Sm/Nd arrays would constitute mixing lines rather than isochrons. Hence, the lunar 182Hf-182W and 146Sm-142Nd data would be fully consistent with an “early” crystallisation age of the LMO, even as early as 50 Myrs after solar system formation when the Moon was probably formed. 相似文献
14.
Os, Pb, and Nd isotope geochemistry of the Permian Emeishan continental flood basalts: Insights into the source of a large igneous province 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The nature of the source of continental flood basalts (CFB) is a highly debated topic. Proposed mantle sources for CFBs, including both high- and low-Ti basalts, include subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM), asthenospheric mantle, and deep, plume-related mantle. Re-Os isotope systematics can offer important constraints on the sources of both ocean island basalts (OIB) and CFB, and may be applied to distinguish different possible melt sources. This paper reports the first Re-Os isotope data for the Late Permian Emeishan large igneous province (LIP) in Southwest China. Twenty one CFB samples including both low- and high-Ti basalts from five representative sites within the Emeishan LIP have been analyzed for Os, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions. The obtained Os data demonstrate that crustal assimilation affected Os isotopic compositions of some Emeishan basalt samples with low Os concentrations but not all of the samples, and the Emeishan basalts with high Os contents likely experienced the least crustal contamination. The low and high-Ti basalts yield distinct Os signatures in terms of 187Os/188Os and Os content. The low-Ti basalt with the highest Os concentration (400 ppt) has a radiogenic Os isotopic composition (γOs(t), +6.5), similar to that of plume-derived OIB. Because the Os isotopic composition of basalts with relatively high Os concentrations (typically >50 ppt) likely represents that of their mantle source, this result implies a plume-derived origin for the low-Ti basalts. On the other hand, the high-Ti basalts with high Os concentration (over 50 ppt) have unradiogenic Os isotopic signatures (γOs(t) values range from −0.8 to −1.4), suggesting that a subcontinental lithosphere mantle (SCLM) component most likely contributed to the generation of these magmas. Combining Pb and Nd isotopic tracers with the Os data, we demonstrate that the low-Ti basaltic magmas in the Emeishan CFB were mainly sourced from a mantle plume reservoir, whereas the high-Ti basaltic magmas were most likely derived from a SCLM reservoir or were contaminated by a significant amount of lithospheric mantle material during plume-related magma ascent through the SCLM. 相似文献
15.
托里蛇绿岩中分布着高Ti玄武岩与低Ti玄武岩,在地球化学特征上存在明显的差异;表明二者之间不存在过渡关系,有着不同的形成条件。它们分别代表岛弧拉张不同阶段之产物,本文讨论了玄武岩的地球化学特征,从而揭示了蛇绿岩形成于弧后盆地的微扩张环境。 相似文献
16.
Xie-Yan Song Hua-Wen Qi Paul T. Robinson Mei-Fu Zhou Zhi-Min Cao Lie-Meng Chen 《Lithos》2008,100(1-4):93-111
The Emeishan continental flood basalt (ECFB) sequence in Dongchuan, SW China comprises a basal tephrite unit overlain by an upper tholeiitic basalt unit. The upper basalts have high TiO2 contents (3.2–5.2 wt.%), relatively high rare-earth element (REE) concentrations (40 to 60 ppm La, 12.5 to 16.5 ppm Sm, and 3 to 4 ppm Yb), moderate Zr/Nb and Nb/La ratios (9.3–10.2 and 0.6–0.9, respectively) and relatively high Nd (t) values, ranging from − 0.94 to 2.3, and are comparable to the high-Ti ECFB elsewhere. The tephrites have relatively high P2O5 (1.3–2.0 wt.%), low REE concentrations (e.g., 17 to 23 ppm La, 4 to 5.3 ppm Sm, and 2 to 3 ppm Yb), high Nb/La (2.0–3.9) ratios, low Zr/Nb ratios (2.3–4.2), and extremely low Nd (t) values (mostly ranging from − 10.6 to − 11.1). The distinct compositional differences between the tephrites and the overlying tholeiitic basalts cannot be explained by either fractional crystallization or crustal contamination of a common parental magma. The tholeiitic basalts formed by partial melting of the Emeishan plume head at a depth where garnet was stable, perhaps > 80 km. We propose that the tephrites were derived from magmas formed when the base of the previously metasomatized, volatile-mineral bearing subcontinental lithospheric mantle was heated by the upwelling mantle plume. 相似文献
17.
The Rajahmundry Trap Basalts（RTB） are erupted through fault-controlled fissures in the Krishna-Godavari Basin（K-G Basin） of Godavari Triple Junction,occurring as a unique outcrop sandwiched between Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments along the east coast of India.Detailed geochemical studies have revealed that RTB are mid-Ti（1.74-1.92） to high-Ti（2.04-2.81） basalts with a distinct quartz tholeiitic parentage.MgO（6.2-13.12 wt.%）,Mg#（29-50） and Zr（109-202 ppm） suggest that these basalts evolved by fractional crystallization during the ascent of the parent magma along deep-seated fractures.Moderate to high fractionation of HREE,as indicated by（Gd/Yb）N ratios（1.71-2.31） of RTB,suggest their generation through 3-5%melting of a Fe-rich mantle corresponding to the stability fields of spinel and garnet peridotite at depths of 60-100 km.Low K2O/P2O5（0.26-1.26）,high TiO2/P2O5（6.74-16.79）,La/Nb（0.89-1.45）,Nb/Th > 8（8.35-13）,negative anomalies at Rb reflect minimum contamination by granitic continental crust.（Nb/La）PM ratios（0.66-1.1） of RTB are attributed to endogenic contamination resulted through recycling of subducted oceanic slab into the mantle.Pronounced Ba enrichment with relative depletion in Rb indicates assimilation of Infra- and Inter-trappean sediments of estuarine to shallow marine character.Geochemical compositions such as Al2O3/TiO2（3.88-6.83）,medium to high TiO2（1.74-2.81 wt.%）.positive Nb anomalies and LREE enrichment of these RTB attest to their mantle plume origin and indicate the generation of parent magma from a plume-related enriched mantle source with EM 1signature.Ba/Th（46-247）,Ba/La（3.96-28.51） and Th/Nb（0.08-0.13） ratios suggest that the source enrichment process was marked by recycling of subduction-processed oceanic crust and lithospheric components into the mantle.Zr/Hf（37-41） and Zr/Ba（0.51-3.24） indicate involvement of an asthenospheric mantle source.The Rajahmundry basalts show affinity towards FOZO（focal zone mantle） and PSCL（post-Archaean subcontinental lithosphere） which reflect mixing between asthenospheric and lithospheric mantle components in their source.Origin of RTB magma is attributed to plume-lithosphere interaction and the upward movement of melt is facilitated by intrabasinal deep-seated faults in the K-G Basin. 相似文献
18.
Yang Liu Michael J. Spicuzza James M.D. Day Nicolas Dauphas 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2010,74(21):6249-6262
Oxygen and iron isotope analyses of low-Ti and high-Ti mare basalts are presented to constrain their petrogenesis and to assess stable isotope variations within lunar mantle sources. An internally-consistent dataset of oxygen isotope compositions of mare basalts encompasses five types of low-Ti basalts from the Apollo 12 and 15 missions and eight types of high-Ti basalts from the Apollo 11 and 17 missions. High-precision whole-rock δ18O values (referenced to VSMOW) of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts correlate with major-element compositions (Mg#, TiO2, Al2O3). The observed oxygen isotope variations within low-Ti and high-Ti basalts are consistent with crystal fractionation and match the results of mass-balance models assuming equilibrium crystallization. Whole-rock δ56Fe values (referenced to IRMM-014) of high-Ti and low-Ti basalts range from 0.134‰ to 0.217‰ and 0.038‰ to 0.104‰, respectively. Iron isotope compositions of both low-Ti and high-Ti basalts do not correlate with indices of crystal fractionation, possibly owing to small mineral-melt iron fractionation factors anticipated under lunar reducing conditions.The δ18O and δ56Fe values of low-Ti and the least differentiated high-Ti mare basalts are negatively correlated, which reflects their different mantle source characteristics (e.g., the presence or absence of ilmenite). The average δ56Fe values of low-Ti basalts (0.073 ± 0.018‰, n = 8) and high-Ti basalts (0.191 ± 0.020‰, n = 7) may directly record that of their parent mantle sources. Oxygen isotope compositions of mantle sources of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts are calculated using existing models of lunar magma ocean crystallization and mixing, the estimated equilibrium mantle olivine δ18O value, and equilibrium oxygen-fractionation between olivine and other mineral phases. The differences between the calculated whole-rock δ18O values for source regions, 5.57‰ for low-Ti and 5.30‰ for high-Ti mare basalt mantle source regions, are solely a function of the assumed source mineralogy. The oxygen and iron isotope compositions of lunar upper mantle can be approximated using these mantle source values. The δ18O and δ56Fe values of the lunar upper mantle are estimated to be 5.5 ± 0.2‰ (2σ) and 0.085 ± 0.040‰ (2σ), respectively. The oxygen isotope composition of lunar upper mantle is identical to the current estimate of Earth’s upper mantle (5.5 ± 0.2‰), and the iron isotope composition of the lunar upper mantle overlaps within uncertainty of estimates for the terrestrial upper mantle (0.044 ± 0.030‰). 相似文献