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1.
碳酸盐的溶解与保存是全球碳循环的重要组成部分,研究碳酸盐溶解作用对探索碳循环机制、理解全球气候变化机理等具有重要意义。本文通过西太平洋暖池核心区雅浦海沟南部附近海域108个表层沉积物和3个柱状沉积物样品中浮游有孔虫、底栖有孔虫和碳酸钙含量等变化特征分析了海底碳酸盐溶跃深度、补偿深度及其自中更新世以来的变化规律。表层沉积物碳酸盐含量、浮游与底栖有孔虫丰度、底栖有孔虫占有孔虫全群比例、底栖有孔虫群中胶结质壳比例等多种指标变化表明,本区现代碳酸盐溶跃面(carbonate lysocline depth, CLD)位于水深3800m附近,碳酸盐补偿深度(carbonate compensation depth, CCD)约为4800m。柱状样有孔虫溶解指数(foraminifera dissolution index, FDX）的变化表明,冰期碳酸盐溶解作用减弱,碳酸盐溶跃面和补偿深度变深;冰消期碳酸盐溶解作用增强,溶跃面和补偿深度变浅。位于现代溶跃面附近的柱状岩心碳酸盐含量呈现冰期高、间冰期低的“太平洋型”旋回特征,同时古生产力替代性指标的变化曲线与碳酸盐含量没有明显的相关性,说明中更新世以来的碳酸盐含量变化主要受溶解作用的控制,特别是在冰期- 间冰期转换时期更为明显。 相似文献
2.
南海北部一百万年以来的表层古生产力变化：来自ODP1144站的蛋白石记录 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
通过南海北部ODP 1144站蛋白石含量测定及其堆积速率的计算,并结合氧同位素记录等相关资料,获得南海北部1050ka以来高分辨率的表层古生产力变化与冰期旋回和东亚季风的关系。约900ka以来,蛋白石含量及其堆积速率较900ka以前明显增加,反映了“中更新世革命”事件之后,全球气候变冷,并导致表层生产力的提高。由于第四纪冰期旋回中的冬、夏季风的加强,加上1144站特殊的地理位置,使该站在冰期时表层生产力增加,间冰期时表层生产力降低。浮游有孔虫氧同位素记录与蛋白石含量及其堆积速率的时间序列频谱分析结果显示,三者均出现了相对应的偏心率周期、斜率周期和岁差周期,说明该站表层生产力的变化主要受地球轨道周期的驱动。 相似文献
3.
孟加拉湾晚第四纪浮游有孔虫及其古海洋学意义 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
对北印度洋孟加拉深海扇远源区水深约３８００ｍ的ＭＤ７７１９０岩心进行了有孔虫定量统计,ＣａＣＯ３质量分数分析和敏纳圆幅虫壳体氧、碳同位素分析,结果表明,该区近１３０ｋａ来的浮游有孔虫组合面貌、表层海水古温度、ＣａＣＯ３质量分数变化的总体趋势与各大洋资料可以对比。ＣａＣＯ３质量分数曲线表现为间冰期升高而冰期降低,反映了研究区陆源碎屑物质对ＣａＣＯ３浓度具有明显的稀释效应。溶解度曲线也表现出相同的变化趋势,同样与陆源物质输入量的变化有关。研究区氧同位素３期各种沉积特征与北印度洋区的季风活动有关,表现出明显的高频气候旋回变化特点。 相似文献
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多年平均表层水温超过28℃的"西太平洋暖池",是全球海平面高度的加热中心和大气三大环流的辐散中心。为评价西太平洋暖池中心区域海洋生物泵的演化特征、规律与机制,本文以位于热带西太平洋暖池核心区——Ontong Java海台的WP7柱状样为材料,通过提取浮游有孔虫δ13C组成、底栖有孔虫群落和钙质超微化石下透光带属种Florisphaera profunda相对百分含量变化等指标,反演该区250kaB.P.以来的古生产力的演化历史。研究结果表明,250kaB.P.以来西太平洋暖池中心区的古生产力演化与地球轨道变化控制的冰期-间冰期旋回以及岁差控制的太阳辐照率密切相关。在冰期-间冰期尺度上,西太平洋暖池中心区距今250ka以来的生产力变化间冰期明显低于冰期,而且在间冰期阶段生产力相对稳定,冰期波动幅度较大。在冰期或间冰期背景下显著的岁差周期是该区古生产力演化的又一重要特征。而且在岁差波段生物生产力的变化可能领先极地冰体积变化2～4ka左右。热带东西太平洋的古生产力演化在冰期-间冰期变化和岁差尺度上存在ENSO式的变动机制,而且二者互相调谐,产生了似30ka和19ka周期,并出现了"半30ka周期"和半岁差周期。此外,WP7孔Neogloboqudrina dutertrei的δ13C显示在MIS 1/2,MIS 3/4和MIS 5e/6的冰期向间冰期的过渡期的冰消期阶段存在变轻事件,可能与数千年尺度的大洋环流演化有关。 相似文献
6.
通过研究翁通-爪哇海台ODP807A孔顶部岩心微体古生物和有孔虫同位素的变化, 探讨冰期旋回中赤道西太平洋晚第四纪古生产力的变化.多种古生产力替代指标揭示出赤道西太平洋古生产力自深海氧同位素13期以来总体呈升高趋势, 具有冰期高、间冰期低的特征.温跃层替代指标显示该海域温跃层变化不具有简单的冰期-间冰期变化模式, 而是分为2个阶段: 280ka以前温跃层平均深度较浅, 呈现高幅低频波动; 280ka以后温跃层平均深度变深, 呈现低幅高频波动.古生产力和温跃层变化模式的明显差异说明温跃层变化不是赤道西太平洋表层生产力波动的主要原因.807A孔古生产力变化与西北太平洋风尘通量变化基本一致, 所以提出来自亚洲中东部的风尘对于提高赤道西太平洋生物生产力可能具有重要意义. 相似文献
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南海西南部晚更新世500 ka以来的古海洋学特征 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
对湄公河口外MD01—2392孔浮游有孔虫的定量分析，并采用FP-12E转换函数、MAT现代类比法及温跃层转换函数的计算，结合氧同位素分析结果，揭示了南海南部晚更新世近500ka以来的古海洋学演化特征．发现冰期MIS12、MISS、MIS2-4冬季表层水温明显高出相邻的间冰期，特别是间冰期M189、MIS5、MIS1表层水温都较低．温跃层在MIS5与MIS1最浅，MIS9其次．主要表现在浮游有孔虫深层高营养种的含量增高，表明上升流增强．间冰期的低水温很可能主要是由于上升流影响所致，当然表层盐度由于多雨而降低也可能影响到间冰期的水温估算．冰期时较高的表层水温，喜暖高盐型次表层种Pulleniatina obliquiloculata的大量繁殖，说明冰期时南部海区受来自北部强冬季风的制约使上升流活动减弱，海平面降低后与邻区通道的关闭也造成水体置换明显减弱，可能有淡水盖层发育，最终导致上层海水分层增强和冬季表层水温保持相对较高．晚更新世时期的南海南部由于冰期低海平面造成半封闭的海盆环境和季风变化，是影响其浮游有孔虫对冰期旋回响应与北部和开放大洋不同的根本原因． 相似文献
9.
文章以南海北部ODP1146站沉积物岩芯为研究材料,利用浮游有孔虫次表层水种Pulleniatina obliquiloculata壳体的氧、碳稳定同位素,结合该站位浮游及底栖有孔虫氧碳同位素数据,分析中更新世以来南海北部上层水体结构的演化。1.2 Ma以来ODP1146站P.obliquiloculata壳体δ^18O的变化可分3个阶段:1)1.2~0.9 Ma,冰期-间冰期变化幅度较小、主导周期为41 ka斜率周期;2)0.9~0.6 Ma,冰期旋回变化幅度逐渐增强、100 ka偏心率周期开始强化;3)0.6 Ma以来,冰期旋回呈现稳定且幅度较大的100 ka周期变化。0.9 Ma以来南海北部上层海水δ^18O的冰期旋回变幅增强,可能反映东亚冬季风在0.9 Ma之后显著强化。其中,表层水体δ^18O只在冰期变幅增强,P.obliquiloculata所反映的次表层水体δ^18O的变化幅度在冰期和间冰期都显著增强。约0.9 Ma浮游和底栖有孔虫δ^18O的100 ka周期几乎同时显现;但在0.9~0.6 Ma时期P.obliquiloculata的δ^18O偏心率周期更为显著、斜率周期的强度也更高。因此,冰期旋回周期转型及幅度变化两方面的证据共同反映温跃层结构演化在南海北部中更新世转型(MPT)气候转变过程中的特殊性。1.2 Ma以来ODP1146站P.obliquiloculata的δ^13C在0.02 Ma、0.49 Ma和0.99 Ma左右呈明显的碳重值,同时表层种-次表层种之间的δ^13C差值减小到近于0,可以解读为碳重值事件期间南海北部生产力相对减弱。 相似文献
10.
鹤庆盆地位于受印度季风影响的中国西南地区, 沉积连续, 厚度大, 是古环境研究的理想场所。本文主要通过对鹤庆湖相岩心磁化率记录的分析研究, 并结合碳酸盐、烧失量和粒度特征对古环境变化的响应机理, 探讨了沉积物中磁化率的古环境指示意义。本研究发现, 磁化率与碳酸盐和烧失量具有显著的相反变化; 而与粒度的关系较为复杂。磁化率与指示粗颗粒变化的中值粒径在含砂(砾)层具有较好的正相关关系; 与指示细颗粒变化的 < 4μm颗粒的相对含量, 在湖相粘土沉积中具有较为明显的正相关关系, 表明湖相沉积物中的亚铁磁性矿物主要来自于外源带入的粘土粒级碎屑物中。通过分析磁化率对古环境变化的响应机制, 并结合碳酸盐含量、烧失量和粒度变化特征, 本研究认为鹤庆盆地湖相岩心的磁化率记录可以用来反映水动力对物源区地表的侵蚀强度和搬运状况, 与流域内植被覆盖和降雨量密切相关。在干旱的冰期, 植被覆盖度较低, 地表侵蚀加剧, 带入湖泊的粘土粒级碎屑含量增加, 磁化率增高; 在湿润的间冰期, 植被覆盖度较高, 地表侵蚀减弱, 粘土粒级碎屑物的带入量减少, 磁化率降低。 相似文献
11.
Henning A. Bauch Helmut Erlenkeuser Pieter M. Grootes Jean Jouzel 《Quaternary Research》1996,46(3):260-269
Climatic reconstruction of glacial to interglacial episodes from oxygen isotopes in sediment cores from the Nordic seas is complicated by strong local meltwater contributions to the oxygen isotope changes. Combination of benthic and planktic foraminiferal isotope data with foraminiferal abundances and ice-rafted debris (IRD) allows separation of local and global effects and subdivision of the marine oxygen isotope events 6.2–5.4, which include the last interglaciation, into: (1) a meltwater phase after glacial stage 6, recorded by large amounts of IRD and low foraminiferal abundance, indicating surface water warming; (2) an IRD-free period with high deposition rates of subpolar foraminifera and other CaCO3pelagic components, recognized here as the “full” interglaciation; and (3) a phase with the recurrence of IRD and the demise of subpolar species. Comparison of ice-core records and marine data implies that the global climate during the last full interglaciation and that during the postdeglacial Holocene were similar. The records show no significantly different variations in the proxy data. In contrast, the oxygen isotopes of planktic foraminifera and ice cores indicate significant differences during each of the deglacial transitions (Terminations I and II) that preceded these two interglaciations. These suggest that during Termination II the climatic evolution in the Nordic seas was less affected by abrupt changes in ocean–atmosphere circulation than during the last glacial to interglacial transition. 相似文献
12.
We reconstructed the paleoenvironmental history of surface and deep water over the last 130 kyr from oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of planktonic and benthic foraminifera in two cores (MD179-3312 and MD179-3304) from the Joetsu Basin, eastern margin of the Japan Sea. Our data showed that paleoceanographic changes such as influx of surface currents and vertical circulation were associated with global glacial–interglacial sea level change. Surface water conditions were influenced by the influx of Tsushima Current, East China Sea coastal or off-shore waters through the Tsushima Strait during interglacial or interstadial stages, and strongly affected by freshwater input during the glacial maximum. During interglacial maximums such as Marine Isotope Stages 1 and 5e, development of well-oxygenated bottom water was indicated. A density-stratified ocean with weak ventilation was inferred from the isotopic records of benthic foraminifera during the Last Glacial Maximum. Local negative excursions in carbon isotopes during deglacial or interglacial periods may suggest the dissolution of gas hydrates or methane seep activities. 相似文献
13.
Stable Isotope and Lithologic Evidence of Late-Glacial and Holocene Oceanography of the Northwestern Pacific and Its Marginal Seas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sergei A. Gorbarenko 《Quaternary Research》1996,46(3):230-250
Stable isotopes, geochemical, lithological, and micropaleontological results from cores from the far northwest (FNW) Pacific and the Okhotsk and Bering seas are used to reconstruct the regional environment for the last glaciation, the deglacial transition, and the Holocene. δ18O records of planktonic foraminifera of the region show two “light” shifts during deglacial time, provoked by the freshening of the surface water and climate warming. These north Pacific terminal events (T1ANP and T1BNP) with ages of 12,500 and 9300 yr B.P., respectively, occur almost simultaneously with two episodes of accelerated glacier melting around the North Atlantic. Along with the isotopic shifts, the CaCO3content in regional sediments increased abruptly (1A and 1B carbonate peaks), probably due to changes of productivity and pore water chemistry of surface sediments. Organic matter and opal concentration increased during the transition (between T1ANP and T1BNP events) in the sediments of the FNW Pacific and the southern part of the Bering Sea and opal content increased in the Holocene in the Bering and Okhotsk Seas. δ13C records of cores from the Okhotsk and Bering seas and the FNW Pacific do not contradict the hypothesis of increased intermediate water formation in the region during glaciation. During deglaciation, accumulation of the coarse terrigenous component decreased in sediments of the Bering Sea and the FNW Pacific before the T1ANP event, probably as a result of rising sea level and opening of the Bering Strait. 相似文献
14.
Iván Hernández‐Almeida Francisco Javier Sierro José‐Abel Flores Isabel Cacho Gabriel Michael Filippelli 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2013,42(1):140-159
Marine sediments from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Project (IODP) Site U1314 (56.36°N, 27.88°W), in the subpolar North Atlantic, were studied for their planktonic foraminifera, calcium carbonate content, and Neogloboqudrina pachyderma sinistral (sin.) δ13C records in order to reconstruct surface and intermediate conditions in this region during the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Variations in the palaeoceanography and regional dynamics of the Arctic Front were estimated by comparing CaCO3 content, planktonic foraminiferal species abundances, carbon isotopes and ice‐rafted debris (IRD) data from Site U1314 with published data from other North Atlantic sites. Site U1314 exhibited high abundances of the polar planktonic foraminifera N. pachyderma sin. and low CaCO3 content until Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 26, indicating a relatively southeastward position of the Arctic Front (AF) and penetration of colder and low‐salinity surface arctic water‐masses. Changing conditions after MIS 25, with oscillations in the position of the AF, caused an increase in the northward export of the warmer North Atlantic Current (NAC), indicated by greater abundances of non‐polar planktonic foraminifera and higher CaCO3. The N. pachyderma sin. δ13C data indicate good ventilation of the upper part of the intermediate water layer in the eastern North Atlantic during both glacial and interglacial stages, except during Terminations 24/23, 22/21 and 20/1. In addition, for N. pachyderma (sin.) we distinguished two morphotypes: non‐encrusted and heavily encrusted test. Results indicate that increases in the encrusted morphotype and lower planktonic foraminiferal diversity are related to the intensification of glacial conditions (lower sea‐surface temperatures, sea‐ice formation) during MIS 22 and 20. 相似文献
15.
Muhong Chen Qianyu Li Lanlan Zhang Fan Zheng Jun Lu Rong Xiang Lili Zhang Wen Yan Zhong Chen Shangbin Xiao 《第四纪科学杂志》2008,23(8):803-815
Oxygen and carbon isotopes from the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer, trace element contents, calcium carbonate, biogenic silica, grain size, and abundances of diatoms, radiolarians and foraminifera in a deep‐sea core from the southwestern South China Sea were analysed to investigate the response of various marine ecological communities to environmental changes over the last 200 ka. The synthesised results show that the quality of the palaeoecological environment for biological growth is primarily affected by nutrient supply and terrigenous disturbance. Ba and P are important nutrient elements for the growth of diatoms, radiolarians and planktonic foraminifera. Together with dissolved silica and calcium carbonate in sea water, these elements may control microbiotic development. However, variations in Fe content appear to affect diatom and radiolarian abundance. Optimal biotic growth occurs when nutrients are abundant and when there is minimal terrigenous disturbance. Biotic growth decreases when sea water is highly oligotrophic and terrigenous input is high. Maximum biological growth occurred in the mid Holocene, but deteriorated soon afterwards owing to increased terrigenous input, causing a decrease of biological abundance and productivity in the late Holocene. The results also indicate how the Toba volcanic eruption ca. 74 ka ago contributed to changing the ecological environment in the southern South China Sea. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Karen Luise Knudsen Claus Ditlefsen David N. Penney Peter Kristensen Christian Kronborg Jón Eiríksson 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2014,43(1):251-271
The coastal cliff section at Kås Hoved in northern Denmark represents one of the largest exposures of marine interglacial deposits in Europe. High‐resolution analyses of sediments, foraminifera, ostracods, and stable isotopes (oxygen and carbon) in glacial‐interglacial marine sediments from this section, as well as from two adjacent boreholes, are the basis for an interpretation of marine environmental and climatic change through the Late Elsterian‐Holsteinian glacial‐interglacial cycle. The overlying glacial deposits show two ice advances during the Saalian and Weichselian glaciations. The assemblages in the initial glacier‐proximal part of the marine Late Elsterian succession reveal fluctuations in the inflow of sediment‐loaded meltwater to the area. This is followed by faunal indication of glacier‐distal, open marine conditions, coinciding with a gradual climatic change from arctic to subarctic environments. Continuous marine sedimentation during the glacial‐interglacial transition is presumably a result of a large‐scale isostatic subsidence caused by the preceding extended Elsterian glaciation. The similarity of the climatic signature of the interglacial Holsteinian and Holocene assemblages in this region indicates that the Atlantic Ocean circulation was similar during these two interglacials, whereas Eemian interglacial assemblages indicate a comparatively high water temperature associated with an enhanced North Atlantic Current. The foraminiferal zones are correlated with other Elsterian‐Holsteinian sites in Denmark, as well as those in the type area for the Holsteinian interglacial in northern Germany and the southern North Sea. Correlation of the NW European Holsteinian succession with the marine isotope stages MIS 7, 9 or 11 is still unresolved. 相似文献
17.
P. De Deckker T. T. Barrows J.-B. W. Stuut S. van der Kaars M. A. Ayress J. Rogers 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(1):17-36
We present an array of new proxy data and review existing ones from core Fr1/94-GC3 from the East Tasman Plateau. This core is positioned at the southern extreme of the East Australia Current and simultaneously records changes in both oceanography and environments both in offshore and in southeastern Australia. Microfossils, including planktonic and benthic foraminifera, ostracods, coccoliths and radiolarians, were studied to interpret palaeo-oceanographic changes. Sea-surface temperature was estimated using planktonic foraminifera, alkenones and radiolaria. From the silicate sediment fraction, the mean grain size of quartz grains was measured to detect the changes in wind strength. An XRF scan of the entire core was used to determine the elemental composition to identify provenance of the sediment. We also compare these data with a pollen record from the same core provided in an accompanying article that provides the longest well-dated record of vegetation change in southeastern Australia. In an area of slow sedimentation, Fr1/94-GC3 provides a continuous record of change in southeastern Australia and the southern Tasman Sea over approximately the last 460?ka. We determine that the East Australian Current varied in intensity through time and did not reach the core site during glacial periods but was present east of Tasmania during all interglacial periods. The four glacial–interglacial periods recorded at the site vary distinctly in character, with Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 9 being the warmest and MIS 5 the longest. Through time, glacial periods have progressively become warmer and shorter. Deposition of airborne dust at the core site is more substantial during interglacial periods than glacials and is believed to derive from mainland Australia and not Tasmania. It is likely that the source and direction of the dust plume varied significantly with the wind regimes between glacials and interglacials as mean effective precipitation changed. 相似文献
18.
主要研究了意大利上新统3个剖面Punta Piccola、Cape Spertivento以及Punta Rossello蛋白石含量的变化，综合其它古环境指标对非洲季风和地中海表层生产力加以分析，研究表明，Punta Piccola剖面和Cape Spertivento剖面各古环境指标对岁差周期影响的响应明显而单纯，即岁差低值，对应氧同位素偏负，有机碳和蛋白石高值以及碳酸盐低值，说明地中海表层生产力明显受到岁差的驱动。岁差驱动下的北非夏季风导致尼罗河泛滥，带来的丰富营养元素使得生产力剧增，同时淡水注入，阻碍了水体的垂向交换，直接导致了海底的缺氧环境，硅藻利用深层营养产生勃发，并组成“藻席”，快速沉降到海底，使得有机碳迅速埋葬和保存，从而引发了腐泥层的形成。Punta Rossello剖面硅藻层证实了“藻席”的存在，但是蛋白石含量并不高。
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