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综合运用钻井岩心、测井、三维高分辨率地震等资料,对渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷北部马头营凸起馆陶组砂体成因及展布特征进行了系统的研究。结果表明:馆陶组沉积前期发育2条规模大、延伸较远,呈近NS、NNW—SSE展布的沟槽,指示物源主要来源于北部燕山褶皱带。馆陶组为冲积扇-辫状河-曲流河沉积序列;馆三下段为冲积扇扇中辫状河道和河道间漫流相,发育扇中辫状河道成因砂体;馆三上段为辫状河道和泛滥平原相,发育河床滞留沉积和心滩成因砂体;馆二段和馆一段为曲流河沉积,河床滞留沉积、边滩、决口扇和天然堤是主要的砂体成因类型。馆陶组可划分为3个长期旋回,7个中期旋回,16~19个短期旋回;以短期旋回为单元,建立了馆二段等时地层对比的高分辨层序地层格架;层序格架控制着砂体的分布模式,馆二段短期旋回的下部砂岩发育,是主要的储集层。层控测井约束反演提高了馆二段薄互层河道砂体预测的精度,馆二段各砂层组反演预测平面砂地比反映河道砂体呈NE—SW向的展布特征。 相似文献
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渤海湾盆地辽东湾地区古近系地震相研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
对辽东湾地区古近系地层进行了研究,选择了可信度较高的地震反射内部结构和外部形态,辅助地震反射振幅、连续性等参数,对地震相进行了划分命名。在研究区6个地震层序中共识别出平行—亚平行席状地震相、前积地震相、楔状地震相、充填状地震相、透镜状地震相、丘状地震相及乱岗状地震相等多种类型。这些地震相在平面分布上具有差异性,在垂向演化上具有继承性。将地震相转变为沉积相,划分出了湖泊沉积环境的深湖—半深湖、滨浅湖、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、三角洲、浊积扇等沉积相,预测出了有利沉积相带。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地昆北油田切12区发育厚层砂砾岩油藏。砂砾岩成因类型及分布规律认识不清是制约油藏开发的关键地质因素。综合利用地质、测井、地震及开发动态等资料,在等时层序地层格架内,系统研究砂砾岩的成因类型、分布规律及其对油气富集的控制作用。研究结果表明,切12区下干柴沟组下段发育冲积扇沉积,可划分出辫状水道、泥石流、漫流沉积、径流水道及洪泛平原5种沉积微相类型,可建立“泛连通体”夹间歇性水道、稳定水道形成的叠置分隔复合水道、辫状水道与漫流沉积侧向相间、径流水道镶嵌于洪泛平原泥岩4个沉积构型单元。垂向上,冲积扇整体表现为粒度下粗上细、湖进退积型的沉积序列;平面发育6个冲积扇体,呈由北向南迁移的规律。沉积相带对油气分布具明显控制作用,沉积构型单元控制油气纵向富集,扇体变迁控制油气平面聚集。 相似文献
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In this study, the distribution of channel‐bed sediment facies in the lowermost Mississippi River is analysed using multibeam data, complemented by sidescan sonar and compressed high‐intensity radar pulse seismic data, as well as grab and core samples of bed material. The channel bed is composed of a discontinuous layer of alluvial sediment and a relict substratum that is exposed on the channel bed and sidewalls. The consolidated substratum is made up of latest Pleistocene and Early Holocene fluvio‐deltaic deposits and is preferentially exposed in the deepest thalweg segments and on channel sidewalls in river bends. The exposed substratum commonly displays a suite of erosional features, including flutes that are quantitatively similar in form to those produced under known laboratory conditions. A total of five bed facies are mapped, three of which include modern alluvial deposits and two facies that are associated with the relict substratum. A radius of curvature analysis applied to the Mississippi River centreline demonstrates that the reach‐scale distribution of channel‐bed facies is related to river planform. From a broader perspective, the distribution of channel‐bed facies is related to channel sinuosity — higher sinuosity promotes greater substratum exposure at the expense of alluvial sediment. For example, the ratio of alluvial cover to substratum is ca 1·5:1 for a 45 km segment of the river that has a sinuosity of 1·76 and this ratio increases to ca 3:1 for a 120 km segment of the river that has a sinuosity of 1·21. The exposed substratum is interpreted as bedrock and, given the relative coverage of alluvial sediment in the channel, the lowermost Mississippi River can be classified as a mixed bedrock‐alluvial channel. The analyses demonstrate that a mixed bedrock‐alluvial channel boundary can be associated with low‐gradient and sand‐bed rivers near their marine outlet. 相似文献
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The Lower Freshwater Molasse (Untere Susswasser Molasse) crops out over a wide area of the Swiss Molasse Basin. Coarse grained alluvial fan conglomerates dominate in proximal basin areas along the Alpine front. These conglomerates pass northwards into sandstones and mudstones of an extensive northeastward draining meandering river system which ran parallel to the basin axis. Sedimentological study of outcrops, quarry exposures and boreholes in the basal Miocene (‘Aquitanian‘) has permitted detailed facies analysis of this distal alluvial sequence. The distal Aquitanian is made up of distinct ‘architectural elements’characterized by their geometries and sedimentary structures. Each may be assigned to a particular depositional setting: meander belt, levees, crevasse channels and splays, overbank fines and palaeosols, and lacustrine. Meander belt sandstones were deposited in mixed load channels with a dominant bedload component. Sandstones commonly comprise amalgamated and locally stacked ribbon bodies 2–15 m thick and 150–1500 m wide. Interbedded rippled, laminated and mottled fine grained levee sandstones and siltstones form lenticular packages up to 3 m thick and 30–100 m across. Small scale crevasse channel sandstones 2–4 m thick and 5–10 m across pass laterally into metre scale, medium to fine grained crevasse sandstone sheets. Rare laminated lacustrine siltstones occur only in the north-east part of the basin. Floodplain mudstones and marls make up the remainder of the succession. These display a variety of pedogenic features recording cyclical palaeosol development. Palaeosols show strong variations in morphology and maturity both laterally across the floodplain and downstream along the basin axis, reflecting local variation in aggradation rate associated with proximity to alluvial channel courses as well as regional variation in subsidence and floodplain drainage. Analysis of the organization and distribution of the various sediment bodies permits reconstruction of the fluvial system and allows development of a model for the sedimentary architecture of the Lower Freshwater Molasse in the study area. Integration of palaeosol studies into a well defined architectural framework assists recognition of areal facies belts and may aid location of sand-prone sequences in the subsurface. 相似文献
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江西信江盆地白垩系沉积体系及其与丹霞地貌的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据野外沉积层序、岩石学特征、古生物资料和地貌景观特征,本文对江西信江盆地白垩系沉积相进行了初步分析,首次探讨了沉积体系与丹霞地貌发育特征之间的内在联系。信江盆地白垩系主要发育4种沉积体系,即冲（洪）积、三角洲、湖泊和扇三角洲。早白垩世主要发育半深湖-深湖、扇三角洲相沉积,晚白垩世从盆地南缘到北缘大致为洪冲积相→辫状河流→三角洲→滨浅湖→三角洲→辫状河流→洪冲积相的展布方式。研究表明,该区丹霞地貌形成的物质基础主要是上白垩统冲积扇、辫状河相沉积产物,丹霞地貌的空间分布与盆地冲积扇、辫状河沉积相的平面展布具有较好的一致性,同时,沉积亚相、微相类型对丹霞地貌的发育起到一定的控制作用。 相似文献
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利用钻井岩心、测井及地震资料,对黄骅坳陷孔南地区孔店组孔一下亚段进行岩石学、测井响应及地震反射特征的综合研究,识别出4种岩相组合、4种测井相类型和3种地震相类型;划分出扇中和扇端亚相;建立了冲积扇的垂向沉积序列并探讨了冲积扇的空间展布规律。认为研究区孔一下亚段陡坡带属于干旱气候条件下发育的进积型冲积扇沉积体系类型。冲积扇的研究是孔二段到孔一段古环境变化、古构造及盆地演化的重要证据。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界层序地层特征与储层发育规律 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17
通过地震和测井层序地层分析,可在鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界识别出４个地震层序,层序界面均以区域性侵蚀面或河道冲刷面为边界。层序的发育特征反映了鄂尔多斯盆地在晚古生代经历了陆表海盆地的形成、发展、衰退和逐渐消亡的过程。储集层主要是石炭系的滨岸砂体、二叠系的河道砂体以及冲积扇砂体。在层序地层体制中,储层的纵向发育受基准面升降变化旋回的控制,而平面展布受古地貌的制约。通过地震与钻井的综合分析,具体预测出有利的储集砂体分布。 相似文献
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根据对营尔凹陷下沟组岩心、测井和地震资料的分析,运用现代沉积学、层序地层学理论,将营尔凹陷下白垩统下沟组划分为4个三级层序。营尔凹陷下沟组主要发育辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、远岸水下扇、滑溻浊积体、湖泊共6种沉积相类型,形成不同类型砂体。三角洲前缘亚相及远岸水下扇沉积相砂岩发育,砂岩物性较好,具备储集空间且储盖组合条件好,有利于油气成藏。三角洲平原亚相及近岸水下扇以粗碎屑沉积为主,砂泥分异差,储集物性差,难以形成油气藏。有利沉积相带空间展布与构造的配置关系决定了油气富集高产区的空间分布。 相似文献
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断陷湖盆缓坡河流成因砂体是重要的油气储集单元。根据岩心观察、钻井岩/电特征并结合地震沉积学方法,分析断陷湖盆缓坡河流沉积体系和砂体时空分布特征,能为油气精细勘探提供可靠的依据。研究表明,霸县凹陷文安斜坡中部东营组三段周期性地发育4条呈NE-SW辫-曲复合型河流沉积,由河道沉积、砂坝沉积和泛滥平原沉积3种亚相以及辫状河道、曲流河道、砂质河道砂坝、泥质河道砂坝、决口扇和泛滥平原泥6种微相构成。河流展布方向与正北夹角(α)为40°~65°,河道视宽度(l)为1.47~2.64 km,主河道的视宽度(w)为0.03~0.58 km,河道带测量厚度(H)为16.0~52.0 m,主河道测量厚度(D)为8.0~23.0 m,主河道钻井解释厚度(d)为1~16.5 m,平均厚度6.5 m。断陷盆地断-坳转换期缓坡河流相沉积受控于盆地构造、气候、物源、沉积物压实及流速等多因素。边界断层差异性活动导致的盆地不均衡沉降是缓坡带河流相类型及砂体空间分布的主控因素。气候周期性变化通过流量控制了河型,调整和改造早期河道沉积物,决定了微相和砂体组合。斜坡中外带是粗粒沉积物主要卸载区,河道及河道砂坝等优势储集砂体呈条带状连片分布,斜坡内带形成的厚层泥岩限制油气垂向运移和侧向充注。斜坡中外带被油源断层切割,在油气运移路径上受晚期断层切割的厚层河道及河道砂坝是岩性-构造油气藏勘探的潜力区域。 相似文献
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Submarine external levées are constructional features that develop outside slope channel systems, and are a volumetrically significant component of continental margins. However, detailed observations of their process sedimentology and depositional architecture are rare. Extensive exposures of external levées at multiple stratigraphic intervals and well‐constrained palaeogeographic positions in the Fort Brown Formation, Karoo Basin, South Africa, have been calibrated with research boreholes. This integrated data set permits their origin, evolution and anatomy to be considered, including high‐resolution analysis of sedimentary facies distribution and characterization of depositional sub‐environments. An idealized model of the stratigraphic evolution and depositional architecture of external levées is presented, and variations can be attributed to allogenic (for example, sediment supply) and autogenic (for example, channel migration) factors. Initiation of external levée construction is commonly marked by deposition of a basal sand‐rich facies with sedimentary structures indicating rapid deposition from unconfined flows. These deposits are interpreted as frontal lobes. Propagation of the parent channel, and resultant flow confinement, lead to partial erosion of the frontal lobe and development of constructional relief (levées) by flow overspill and flow stripping. Overall fining‐upwards and thinning‐upwards profiles reflect increased flow confinement and/or waning flow magnitude through time. Identification of a hierarchy of levée elements is not possible due to the absence of internal bounding surfaces or sharp facies changes. The down‐slope taper in levée height and increasing channel sinuosity results in increasing numbers of crevasse lobe deposits, and is reflected by the increased occurrences of channel avulsion events down‐dip. External levées from the Fort Brown Formation are silt‐rich; however their stratigraphic evolution and the distribution of many components (such as sediment waves and crevasse lobe) share commonalities with mud‐rich external levées. This unique integrated data set has permitted the first high‐resolution characterization of external submarine levée systems. 相似文献
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通过岩心观察与测井相分析,结合地震反射资料,认为塔里木盆地塔北地区侏罗系为冲积扇、辫
状河、三角洲与湖泊沉积体系。下侏罗统阳霞组主要发育冲积扇和辫状河沉积。其中冲积扇主要发育于盆地的
边缘,即研究区西部的英买力、北部的轮台及其西侧、东部的库南地区。冲积扇岩性主要为灰白、灰绿、灰褐
和紫红色块状砾岩、砾状砂岩及含砾砂岩,砾石成分复杂,分选差,磨圆程度低。多个冲积扇向盆地内演化为
辫状河沉积,发育各种交错层理与平行层理,其岩性为灰色、灰白色粗砂岩及含砾粗砂岩、细砾岩,垂向上具
有非常典型的下粗上细的 “ 二元结构” ,自然电位和自然伽马曲线具有明显的箱形特征,辫状河主体自西向东发
育。到阳霞组沉积晚期,在草湖地区演化为薄层细砂岩与泥岩互层的湖泊和含煤湖沼沉积;中侏罗统克孜勒努
尔组为三角洲沉积;上侏罗统普遍被剥蚀。早-中侏罗世盆地经历了水体由浅到深的沉积演化。 相似文献
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基于地震、钻井及录井资料分析,将苏丹Muglad盆地Nugara凹陷AG组整体作为一个二级层序,内部划分出五个三
级层序,自下而上依次命名为SQA~SQE,各层序边界在地震和钻测井资料上特征明显,且对应良好。在建立的层序地层格
架内,通过识别不同地震反射单元的外部形态、内部结构、振幅、连续性和频率,在AG组内部五个三级层序内识别出席
状平行-亚平行相、楔状相、前积相、丘状相、杂乱相等地震相类型,地震相类型在各个层序中的发育分布具有继承性及
连续性,以此建立地震相演化模型。根据地震相展布特征,结合岩心相和测井相分析与标定,认为AG组主要发育三角
洲、辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、冲积扇及湖泊五种沉积相类型,同时讨论了地震-沉积相演化规律及受控因素。 相似文献
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本文以滇西梁河盆地朗蒲寨地区铀矿勘查工程第一手钻探资料为素材,分析上新世梁河盆地性质与演化过程,厘定含矿层系南林组的沉积体系、沉积相类型及其有利赋矿微相组合。在此基础上,分析沉积演化序列对赋矿层纵向空间分布的控制规律,并通过重建赋矿古冲积扇体的岩相古地理格局,预测有利赋矿部位,尝试为该地区和同类型盆地砂岩型铀矿勘查提供科学依据。研究表明,梁河盆地南林组主要发育山间断陷盆地冲积扇沉积体系,包括3种亚相、5种微相。对钻孔岩心的精细沉积学分析显示,砂岩型铀矿的赋矿层主要发育于扇中亚相,尤以砾质辫状河道微相最为常见,赋矿岩相主要为含砾长石砂岩和含砾岩屑长石砂岩。赋矿层及底板沉积期岩相古地理格局显示,在扇根—扇中沉积转换期,相对水位上升,研究区整体呈现退积型演化,扇中相区面积扩大,砾质辫状河道微相更为发育,为形成良好铀储层提供更为有利的条件,并据此认为上蔺家寨—朗蒲寨一线以东的扇中亚相分布区为砂岩型铀矿的有利勘查区。 相似文献
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A. W. Mode P. A. Chikezie O. C. Ekwenye O. A. Anyiam I. C. Okwara 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(24):548
A high-resolution study involving the integration of cores, wireline logs and reflection seismic dataset was used to unravel the facies assemblages, reservoir quality and hydrocarbon potential of E1 and H9 reservoirs in the “PAC” field, Offshore Niger Delta. Facies analysis of the cored PAC-14 well shows six lithofacies: massive mudstone, parallel-laminated mudstones with sideritic bands, fine-grained parallel-laminated sandstone, medium-grained parallel-laminated sandstone, fine-grained ripple laminated sandstone, and coarse massive sandstone. These lithofacies were grouped into five facies associations: channel story axis (CSA), channel story margin (CSM), inter-channel thin beds (ICTB), mud-rich thin beds (MRTB) and injectites (INJ). These facies associations are typical of a confined channel and basin floor fan deposit of a deep-water turbidite depositional environment. Reservoir unit E1 was dominated by the facies association CSA while the H9 reservoir consists mainly of the facies associations MRTB and INJ. The observed sand injectites are suggested to have formed due to overloading of compacted sands leading to upward remobilization of sand into the overlying shale. Seismic horizons and faults were mapped to understand the structures, trend and reflections within the study area. Results from petrophysical volumetrics estimated the net hydrocarbon pore volume for the E1 and H9 reservoirs as 456 MMBBL and 378 MMBBL, respectively. Exploration for deep-water reservoir mainly targets high amplitude and bright seismic reflectors and ignores the low amplitude reflectors (dim loops) which are typically interpreted as non-reservoir units. However, this study shows a low-amplitude reflector containing medium-grained sand injectite unit, which has high porosity (31.7%) and permeability (4472 mD) values, and contains recoverable hydrocarbon. 相似文献