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1.
湘西北地区露头区早奥陶世生物礁发育，主要造礁生物有蓝绿藻(包括Cyanobacteria和Girvanella)、Pulchrilamina、Calathium、Batostoma、A，vhaeoscyphia。主要礁岩类型有障积岩和粘结岩，主要生物礁类型有障积礁和粘结礁。根据生物礁生长发育特征可将其分为三个阶段：奠基阶段、生长阶段和灭亡阶段。部分生物礁生长阶段形成的岩石类型上下不同，成礁方式也不同，据此可将生长阶段分为两期。根据生物礁上覆岩石类型的不同可推测其死亡方式是属淹死型还是属渴死型；根据围岩和礁岩的接触关系的不同，可形成追赶型和并进型两种生物礁埋藏模式。相对海平面的变化控制着生物礁的生长、发育、死亡和埋藏，海平面的上升和下降可形成生物礁不同的发育、死亡和埋藏模式组合。 相似文献
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首次发现峡东下奥陶统生物礁。造礁生物为攀苔藓虫、托盘藻、古钵海绵、蓝细菌和Pulchrilamina等。按造礁生物形成的格架类型有:粘结粒泥岩,藻粘结岩,攀苔藓虫障积岩,粘结障积岩等4种礁岩微相。这些微相在礁核中有、无和分布差异形成了灰泥岩隆礁,藻岩隆礁,攀苔藓虫障积岩隆礁和藻粘结-古钵海绵障积岩隆礁。各类礁都经历了奠基、发育、衰亡3个阶段。这一演化过程反映了沉积环境和水能量强度对礁发育的制约作用。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地北部轮南地区奥陶纪生物礁 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
首次发现轮南地区奥陶纪生物礁。礁类型主要有：托盘藻障积岩隆礁、古孔藻障积岩隆礁，藻粘结灰泥岩隆礁、藻粘结粉屑岩隆礁和钙质海绵－蓝绿藻障积－粘结岩隆礁。划分出４个造礁群落，礁的发育明显受生态环境的制约。 相似文献
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广西二叠纪生物礁的特征和分布规律 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
广西二叠纪生物礁（丘）非常发育，自栖霞期至长兴朝的均有分布，以茅口期最繁盛，生物礁主要发育于具陡斜坡的孤立浅水台地边缘，包括堤礁，马蹄形礁，环礁，链状礁和块状礁，造礁生物以钙质海绵为主，另有水螅，管壳石、苔藓虫及红藻等。包覆粘结生物以古三石孔藻、层纹状蓝绿藻为主，附礁生物为底栖生物和藻类，礁岩类型以复合型为主，包括包覆骨架岩，粘结骨架岩，包覆障积粘结岩，包覆粘结岩等。生物丘则主要产在碳酸盐缓坡，孤 相似文献
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首次发现西藏安多县东巧地区晚侏罗世生物礁,造礁生物以层孔虫和六射珊瑚为主,其中,层孔虫可分为枝状、筒状和块状三种类型,它们多以原地生长状态保存.礁岩石学特征研究表明,礁岩可分为筒状-枝状层孔虫障积岩、枝状层孔虫障积岩、筒状层孔虫障积岩、筒状-块状层孔虫障积-骨架岩和筒状层孔虫-六射珊瑚障积-骨架岩.礁体类型可分为筒状-枝状层孔虫障积岩隆礁、枝状层孔虫障积岩隆礁、筒状层孔虫障积岩隆礁、筒状-块状层孔虫障积-骨架岩隆礁和筒状层孔虫-六射珊瑚障积-骨架岩隆礁,礁体的演化均经历了奠基阶段、发育阶段和衰亡阶段. 相似文献
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广西天峨老鹏晚二叠世灰泥海绵藻礁 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
广西天峨老鹏礁发育于合山组下部,形成于晚二叠世吴家坪期。是在孤立碳酸盐岩石地内部生长的圆丘状点礁群,由菌藻类、串管海绵及一些纤维海绵、水螅、板海绵等造礁,发育有块状隐粘结岩、隐障积岩、潜障积岩等。从初期到后期具有不同的发育模式。据其建造特征及海绵生物的造礁性能,说明了二叠纪台缘相发育的巨厚海绵灰岩是生物礁,菌藻类在礁的建造中起着关键作用。 相似文献
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本文详细研究了湖南巨口铺生物礁的生长过程、古生态学特征及其生物造礁作用。该生物礁岩共有10种微相类型。礁体内生物十分丰富,共鉴定出7个门类的32个属,主要是珊瑚、层孔虫和藻类。它们组成5个造礁群落,并形成独特的群落结构。对全部造礁群落的分析表明,该生物礁的生物造礁功能十分复杂,当生物礁发展到高级阶段时,同种生物可同时具有多种造礁功能。该生物礁的生长过程可分为5个阶段:(1)层状礁阶段;(2)生物定殖阶段;(3)格架式造礁阶段;(4)粘结——覆盖式造礁阶段;(5)障积式造礁阶段. 相似文献
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湘南生物礁发育于上二叠统长兴组。该礁体的岩石组合类型有:骨架岩、障积岩、粘结岩等。组成礁体的生物极为丰富,类型繁多。造架生物有:串管海绵、纤维海绵、Tabulozoan、水螅类、四射珊瑚等。粘结生物有:Archaeolithoporella、Tubiphytes、Tabulozoan及蓝绿藻。附礁生物有:腕足类、有孔虫等。礁体发育大致可以分为四个阶段:萌芽期、发育期、繁盛期和衰亡期。从礁体的发育关系来看,具有海侵过程中向岸推移的趋势。 相似文献
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陕西西乡杨家沟早寒武世的生物礁 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杨家沟早寒武世生物礁主要发育在仙女洞组下段及郭家坝组上段。造架生物以古杯为主，其次有肾形藻和表附藻。礁体共有三次发育演化过程，前两次受海侵条件控制系小规模点礁，礁灰岩以障积岩为主，粘结岩次之，晚期以藻类为主形成障积岩岩隆礁和粒屑滩。礁体发育受海水变迁影响，成岩作用有白云岩化及胶结作用。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献