首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
渤海湾曹妃甸老龙沟海区属于典型的离岸沙坝-潟湖海岸体系,口门处发育有拦门沙。采用实测资料分析和二维波流泥沙数学模型计算研究了拦门沙成因及其开挖后的回淤情况。研究表明,涨落潮流路不一致、落潮流扩散是老龙沟拦门沙形成的主要原因。针对该海区波浪、潮流、泥沙及海床演变特点,进行了2006年、2007年大小潮潮流泥沙的验证及2008年8~12月试挖槽回淤的验证,在此基础上,预测了拦门沙航道正常情况下的泥沙回淤和大风天骤淤。试挖槽监测资料分析及数学模型计算表明,风浪掀沙是影响老龙沟拦门沙回淤的重要因素。  相似文献   

2.
渤海湾曹妃甸老龙沟海区属于典型的离岸沙坝-泻湖海岸体系,口门处发育有拦门沙。采用实测资料分析和二维波流泥沙数学模型计算研究了拦门沙成因及其开挖后的回淤情况。研究表明,涨落潮流路不一致、落潮流扩散是老龙沟拦门沙形成的主要原因。针对该海区波浪、潮流、泥沙及海床演变特点,进行了2006年、2007年大小潮潮流泥沙的验证及2008年8~12月试挖槽回淤的验证,在此基础上,预测了拦门沙航道正常情况下的泥沙回淤和大风天骤淤。试挖槽监测资料分析及数学模型计算表明,风浪掀沙是影响老龙沟拦门沙回淤的重要因素。  相似文献   

3.
通过不同时期实测地形资料,对比分析射阳港拦门沙航道一期整治工程建设后航道的回淤分布特征;利用实测水文泥沙资料和潮流数学模型计算分析射阳河口拦门沙航道开挖后的水流、含沙量特征;探讨了射阳港拦门沙航道淤积的泥沙来源和淤积成因。研究表明:航道开挖后沿程普遍淤积,尤其是口门及堤根区段航道淤积严重。导致航道淤积的主要原因为:有掩护航道内涨潮流速大、落潮流速小,口门外高含沙量水体进入航道后泥沙很难被带出航道,导致航道内普遍淤积;口门内2 km范围内回淤较大是由于越堤流输沙和口门内侧涨潮期间存在明显回流;导堤根部航道段回淤较大是由于射阳河与黄沙港河汇流后河道放宽,落潮期间出河口的水体挟沙力突然降低。  相似文献   

4.
通过实测三峡水库135m运行阶段永久船闸下引航道及口门区泥沙淤积与水沙因子变化,计算分析了下引航道及口门区的淤积量及分布、拦门沙淤积形态、淤积机理及清淤时机,建立了口门含沙量与长江含沙量、口门斜流流速与长江流量、拦门沙淤积高度与来沙量等关系;并结合倒灌异重流理论,计算验证了下引航道及口门区异重流、环流淤积。结果表明,下引航道及口门区主要集中在主汛期(7~9月)淤积,汛末(10~12月)进行一次清淤即可满足航深要求。  相似文献   

5.
长江口12.5 m深水航道回淤特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
针对长江口12.5 m深水航道的回淤问题,收集整理了2010—2012年的航道回淤资料和水文测验资料,研究了航道回淤的时空变化特征及其与径流、潮流和含沙量的关系。结果表明:航道回淤呈洪季大、枯季小的年内变化特征,大风骤淤明显;航道回淤沿程主要集中在南港—圆圆沙段和北槽中下段,其回淤量占全航道的80%以上。南港—圆圆沙段回淤的泥沙颗粒以细砂为主,回淤强度与径流的关系不密切,与潮流的关系表现为大潮大、小潮小。北槽航道回淤泥沙颗粒以粉砂为主,回淤部位随径、潮流变化而变化,表现为径流增大,回淤部位下移;潮动力减弱,回淤部位上提。长江口拦门沙水域泥沙的再悬浮,可能是航道淤积最主要的泥沙来源。  相似文献   

6.
辽东湾北部浅海区泥沙输送及其沉积特征   总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16  
苗丰民  李淑媛 《沉积学报》1996,14(4):114-121
根据实测资料,本文定量分析了辽东湾北部泥沙输送及其分布,并对辽河三角洲沉积区划作了初步讨论。研究表明本区泥沙以纵向搬运为特征。双台子河以西来沙和辽河西水道入海泥沙是区域东部拦门沙体和浅滩发育的主导因素。汛季大潮期,泥沙自西向东运移落淤在河口及毗邻浅水域;小潮期,泥沙除向东扩散外,大部泥沙向海方搬运。调查区可划分六个现代沉积作用区,即潮坪沉积区、辽河水下三角洲细粒沉积区、河口沙洲沉积区、波浪潮流冲蚀沉积区、河口冲积沉积区以及潮汐水道沉积区。  相似文献   

7.
基于2001-2015年长江口系列的水下地形和水文测验等资料,研究了流域减沙对长江口典型河槽及邻近海域演变的影响。结果表明:三峡工程建成后的近10多年,流域年均输沙量处于1.35亿t左右的较低水平。受其影响,长江口口内的南支、南港和北港上段的含沙量2008年之后明显下降,河槽冲刷、容积扩大,河槽形态向相对窄深方向演化。而拦门沙河槽的上游侧和口外侧近年来亦有所冲刷,拦门沙浅滩长度缩短。长江口水下三角洲前沿位于北港口外和南北槽口外有两个冲刷区,2007年之后年平均冲刷厚度达0.1 m左右,年侵蚀沙量达0.71亿m3。流域减沙对长江口河槽演变的影响尚在进行中,可能改变长江口水下三角洲向海淤涨的历史演变模式。  相似文献   

8.
洞庭湖和鄱阳湖泥沙冲淤特征及三峡水库对其影响   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
长江中游江湖关系复杂,分布有中国第一、二大淡水湖泊,江湖关系演变对防洪、生态等影响重大。通过分析反应长江中游洞庭湖和鄱阳湖泥沙冲淤的实测水沙和地形资料,初步掌握了湖区泥沙冲淤特征及主要影响因素,并着重探讨了三峡水库蓄水对两湖泥沙冲淤的影响。结果表明,近10年洞庭湖和鄱阳湖湖区泥沙淤积速度明显减缓,部分年份出现冲刷,其中洞庭湖湖区泥沙沉积率下降主要由来沙减少引起,三峡水库拦沙作用的影响明显;鄱阳湖区冲刷主要集中在入江水道,采砂活动影响显著,三峡水库蓄水影响尚不明显。  相似文献   

9.
利用长系列的水文泥沙、水下地形和遥感影像等数据,通过数字地形高程模型和水动力数学模型等方法,探讨了伶仃洋茅洲河口的动力地貌演变过程及主要原因。结果表明:伶仃洋中滩海区近年冲刷态势明显,拦江沙与矾石浅滩呈现逐渐分离并有发育形成"新中槽"的演变趋势;茅洲河口门深槽的形成发育以落潮流动力作用为主,交椅湾深槽具有涨潮沟的性质,交椅沙形成发育对于稳定周边海区滩槽格局具有重要作用;大规模围涂造地和海床采砂等人类开发活动显著改变了伶仃洋的地形边界条件,进而影响河口水沙输移和滩槽格局,亟需加强监控。  相似文献   

10.
长江口南汇边滩的演变及其沉积动力机制   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
南汇边滩是长江口、杭州湾以及外海三者交互作用的特殊地带。根据不同时期海图对比分析发现,南汇边滩北冲南淤,逐渐向东南方向伸展,平均速率为30m/a。通过初步的机制探讨认为,南汇边滩有径流输沙和涨潮回输泥沙的双重补给,加上适宜盐度的絮凝,沉积速率较大,在滩面淤高的同时向水平方向扩展,但北侧受南槽落潮水流南偏的作用而不断冲刷,东侧突出的沙嘴受外海风浪的强烈作用难以东扩,南侧受杭州湾口近东西向的涨落潮流作用,在这些动力泥沙的综合作用下,导致南汇边滩向东南方向伸展。  相似文献   

11.
Size and shape sorting in a Dutch tidal inlet   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A tidal inlet system with an outer tidal, delta, situated between two barrier islands along the north coast of Holland was studied for size and shape sorting. With size data different sand types can be distinguished and in individual samples distinct grain populations can be recognized in some cases. Graphs of shape values, plotted against the size intervals of samples also reveal the presence of different grain populations, together with their genetical significance. The following conclusions could be drawn. There is no sand transport directly from island to island. Sand up to 400 μm enters the tidal inlet, is sorted out in the tidal flat area and partly re-enters the sea via the outer tidal delta. On the delta, the sediment is split up again in different populations. A lag deposit is left behind on the frontal part of the delta. The rest of the sand either re-enters the tidal inlet cycle or contributes to the beach building of the next island. In the offshore environment, sand movement by wave-induced currents is restricted to the shallow zone. In deeper water, part of the sediment is relatively immobile and has preserved inherited characteristics from the early Holocene transgressive phase. In front of Ameland, fossil barrier-face deposits-are present, off Schiermonnikoog the sea floor contains old tidal channel deposits.  相似文献   

12.
库车坳陷古近系库姆格列木群底砂岩段沉积可划分为北缘砂砾岩带冲积扇粗碎屑沉积-下切辫状水道充填-河流-三角洲沉积、温宿凸起边缘近端冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积和塔北凸起西南缘的下切谷充填-河流三角洲-滨浅湖滩坝3个相带,中部为干旱盐湖-泻湖-海湾沉积.物源体系分析表明,西部的温宿凸起、北边的南天山造山带和塔北隆起上的大陆蚀源区为坳陷提供物源.库车坳陷碎屑物基本上来自于南天山和温宿凸起再循环造山带,坳陷北缘的逆冲造山和隆升作用形成了长期的物源供给区,沿坳陷东北缘发育了巨厚的冲积扇.西部的温宿凸起早期存在物源,沿凸起边缘发育有小型的边缘扇或扇-辫状河三角洲.塔北隆起在古近纪早期提供一定的物源,克拉201井附近结晶基底的剥蚀是南部大陆蚀源区的主要物质来源.却勒1井、羊塔5井等地的碎屑物极可能来自3个物源区.研究区物源体系的分析与总体的古构造、古地理格局相一致,库车坳陷古近系基底东高西低,有大量陆源碎屑由东向西推进,东、西两侧的低凸起带和北缘的前陆前渊带构成的古构造特征决定着物源和岩相分布的总体格局.  相似文献   

13.
综合应用地震、测井及岩心观察资料,对福山凹陷古近纪流沙港组的湖底扇沉积进行了详细研究。认为该期的湖底扇沉积主要是由于三角洲前缘带的砂体在重力作用下进入湖泊深水区堆积而形成,部分是由位于湖盆陡坡边缘的河道砂沿水下河道进入湖泊深水区而形成的水下重力流沉积。从空间分布来看,湖底扇主要分布在凹陷的北部和西部,且北部和西部湖底扇的扇体规模较东部大,存活时间较东部长。平面上湖底扇位于三角洲体系的外侧,垂向上由下至上发育着从湖底扇一三角洲前缘远端一三角洲前缘近端的沉积演化序列。湖底扇的总体沉积模式为南部的辫状河三角洲砂岩碎屑体向北推进至深湖区形成孤立的、规模相对较大的湖底扇砂体;而西部及东部的次要物源——辫状河三角洲也在东西两侧活动断层的控制下在湖盆深处形成湖底扇沉积体。  相似文献   

14.
南海北部晚更新世以来的碳酸盐旋回   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
李学杰  刘坚  陈芳  张欣 《第四纪研究》2008,28(3):431-436
碳酸盐的相对含量是深海沉积物最直观的特征变量,也是最重要的古环境信息来源。南海晚更新世以来的碳酸盐旋回已进行了深入的研究,并已总结出溶跃面以上为"大西洋旋回",溶跃面以下为"太平洋旋回"。但经过大量的柱状样研究后发现,也有不少的"例外",溶跃面以上,并没有出现明显的"大西洋旋回"特征,尤其在南海东北部东沙群岛以东海域和琼东南海域。这些"例外"呈明显的区域性分布表明其不是个别现象。研究认为,主要是由于冰期-间冰期陆源物质的供给量的变化所致。南海北部海域,大致可以分为3个区,中区碳酸盐分布具有典型的"大西洋旋回",东区基本没有旋回性,西区总体有一定的旋回特征,但不够典型,且越接近海南岛,旋回特征越差。这主要是由于中区陆架宽、陆坡相对较缓,在冰期旋回中陆源物质供给量的变化明显。东区主要陆源物质可能来自台湾岛,而台西南岛架很窄,在冰期旋回中,陆源物质的供给量变化可能不大。西区,越靠近海南岛,海南岛的物源影响越大,而海南岛西南的岛架比华南的陆架也明显窄得多,而且华南与海南两个不同的物源,可能使琼东南的碳酸盐变得更复杂。  相似文献   

15.
Coastal erosion at Sagar Island of Sunderban delta, India, has been critically studied. The area is in the subtropical humid region. There are mainly three seasons viz: winter, summer and the monsoon. Different wave dynamic parameters were measured from theodolite observations with leveling staff and measuring gauges during lunar days at two sections of the western and eastern parts of the coastal zone during post-and pre-monsoons. A comparative study was made on the erosion/depositional pattern between the two sections in relation to different hydrodynamic parameters prevailing in these two sections. Plane table mapping was carried out to demarcate the different geomorphic units. The marine coastal landforms show dune ridges with intervening flats bordered by gently sloping beach on one side and a flat beach on the other side. The western part of the beach is mainly sandy; whereas the eastern part is silty and clayey with mud bank remnants. Actual field measurements indicate that the coastal dune belt has retreated to the order by about 20 m since 1985. The eastern part of the beach has lowered by about 2 m since 1985 and the western part was raised almost to the same tune. It is observed that accretion in the western and central parts of the beach took place; whereas severe erosion in the eastern part made the beach very narrow with remnants of mud banks and tree roots. Frequent embankment failures, submergence and flooding, beach erosion and siltation at jetties and navigational channels, cyclones and storm surges made this area increasingly vulnerable.  相似文献   

16.
以2000年及2007年黄河三角洲滨海区采集的123和155个表层沉积物样品为数据基础,经实验室分析取得各样品的粒度参数,结合地貌条件、动力条件和水深资料,探讨黄河三角洲滨海区沉积物的分布类型、粒度特征以及其动力分区等方面的规律。黄河三角洲滨海区表层沉积物类型主要为砂质粉砂;中值粒径由岸向海逐渐变细;分选系数整体偏高反映了的复杂性;偏态值均为正,其极高值大都分布于水深10m左右的区域;峰态的极大值分布于现行河口的南侧,极小值分布于湾湾沟口和飞雁滩以东的近岸。Flemming三角图反映出冲蚀区的动力条件整体较强;淤积区内清水沟老河口附近的动力条件比现行河口强;浅海平原区水动力较弱且单一。  相似文献   

17.
The Solomon Sea region is an area of intense tectonic activity characterized by structural complexity, a high level of seismicity and volcanism, and rapid evolution of plate boundaries. There is little accretion in the eastern New Britain Trench. Accretion gradually increases westward with thick accretion in the western New Britain Trench and in the Trobriand Subduction System. The thick accretion in the western part of the New Britain Trench may be a result of collision from the north of Finisterre-Huon block with New Guinea mainland. The present boundary of the collision is along the Ram-Markham fault. Deformation structures and present day seismicity suggest that the northern block is under compression.

Accretion has occurred in the sediment filled trenches in the Solomon Sea. The scale of the accretionary wedge depends on the amount of trench-fill sediment available. It is unlikely that there is no sediment supply to the eastern part of the New Britain Trench where no accretion is observed and subduction erosion may be occurring. There are two possible mechanisms for subduction erosion of sediment; either a rapid rate of subduction relative to the supply of sediment inhibiting sediment accumulation in the trench; or horizontal tensional force superimposed on both the forearc and backarc regions of the arc. Seafloor spreading in both the Manus and Woodlark basins is fan-like with nearby poles in the western margins of the basins. This may be a reflection of a horizontally compressional field in the western part and a tensional field in the eastern part of the Solomon Sea. Therefore it is possible to conclude that the consumption of sediment in the eastern New Britain Trench is related to the horizontal tensional field superimposed on both the forearc and backarc regions of the subduction system.

Imbricated thrust and overthrust faults in the western New Britain Trench and Trobriand Trough are not linear over long distance, but form wavy patterns in blocks with unit distance of approximately 10 km.  相似文献   


18.
Three sediment cores from the Laptev Sea continental margin were investigated for their clay mineralogy by X-ray diffraction to study the fluvial sediment supply since the late Weichselian. In the study area, the clay-mineral composition of surface sediments is characterized by distinct regional variations. The source area for smectite in the eastern Eurasian Basin is the Putoran Plateau drained by the Khatanga and Yenisei rivers. Currents caused by river discharge and the inflow of Atlantic water masses along the Eurasian continental margin are responsible for sediment distribution. In the sediment cores, smectite and illite contents show an opposite trend which mainly results from variable smectite supply. During MIS 2 the amount of smectite on the Laptev Sea continental margin never exceeds 10 rel.%. Probably, reduced river discharge and the lowered sea level during MIS 2 caused a decreased sediment supply to the Laptev Sea. Additionally, the Putoran Plateau was covered by an ice sheet during the Late Weichselian preventing the erosion of smectite-rich soils. In contrast, maximum smectite contents (up to 30 rel.%) in Holocene sediments result from increased sediment input by the Khatanga River and from the Kara Sea through the Vilkitsky Strait and via St. Anna Trough into the western Laptev Sea.  相似文献   

19.
德阳须家河组四段沉积相特征和砂体分布规律   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
孝泉—新场—合兴场地区上三叠统须家河组四段以发育扇三角洲沉积体系为主,其砂体成因类型为扇三角洲前缘水下辫状分流河道(含砾)中—粗粒砂岩夹少量碎屑流沉积砾岩。须家河组四段可划分为1个长期、3个中期和18个短期基准面旋回层序,主要砂体合并为6套砂组。各砂组分布与由基准面变化引起的可容纳空间和沉积物供给量比值密切相关:低位体系域沉积期,基准面上升缓慢,沉积物供给(远)大于可容纳空间,沉积作用以主动进积为主,砂体不断向湖盆方向推进;湖侵体系域沉积期,基准面快速上升,沉积物供给量逐渐减少而(远)小于可容纳空间,沉积作用由进积逐渐转入加积和退积;高位体系域沉积期,基准面由缓慢上升逐渐进入到快速下降,可容纳空间由缓慢增加突变为迅速减小,而沉积物供给由小于或略等于可容纳空间逐渐变为(远)大于可容纳空间,沉积作用由弱进积、加积迅速变为强迫进积。  相似文献   

20.
柴达木盆地西部地区渐新世沉积物源分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
沉积物源分析在确定沉积物源位置、母岩性质及沉积物搬运距离,甚至整个盆地的沉积作用和构造演化等方面都有重要意义。本文从重矿物组合、轻矿物组合、稀土元素分配和古水流恢复等方面系统地分析了柴达木盆地西部地区渐新世物源方向,确定了阿尔金东段物源、阿尔金西段物源、阿拉尔物源、铁木里克物源、祁漫塔格—东柴山物源和弯西—甘森物源6大沉积物源。沉积物源特征明显控制了沉积物特征,来自阿尔金西段物源的沉积物搬运距离短,碎屑物供给明显受季节性洪水控制,故稳定性差,发育近源陡坡型的扇三角洲、近岸水下扇沉积物;来自其余物源的沉积物搬运距离较长,最长搬运距离约190 km,碎屑物供给的稳定性较好,发育远源缓坡型的辫状三角洲沉积物,受不同沉积物源的影响,其沉积特征具有明显的差异性。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号