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1.
对大道尔吉铬铁矿床成因的新认识   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
大道尔吉岩体为一肢解的蛇绿岩残片,由两个单元组成,一为堆晶杂岩,另一为地幔橄榄岩。堆晶杂岩包括三个岩浆旋回,每一旋回均表现出由超镁铁质向镁铁质演化的特点。工业铬铁矿产于堆晶杂岩第三旋回底部的纯橄岩-含辉纯橄岩中,而产于地幔橄榄岩中的铬铁矿为数甚微。矿体主要由各种浸染状的铬铁矿石组成。矿体的围岩为纯橄岩且两者逐渐过渡。副矿物铬尖晶石与造矿铬尖晶石的成分相似。上述特征表明大道尔吉铬铁矿床系堆积成因,明显地区别于地幔橄榄岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿。大道尔吉铬铁矿床为我国一个与蛇绿岩堆晶杂岩有关的典型铬铁矿床。  相似文献   

2.
西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩中不同产出的纯橄岩及成因探讨   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
罗布莎蛇绿岩中的纯橄岩有三种产出情况,除了与豆荚状铬铁矿伴生的薄壳状纯橄岩外,还有产在方辉橄榄岩底部被认为是堆晶岩的厚层状纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩中的透镜状纯橄岩。厚层状纯橄岩约700～1000m厚,以橄榄石富镁(Fo93～95),单斜辉石低铝富镁(Al2O30.47%～0.85%,Mg#95～97),铬尖晶石高铬低镁(Cr#值平均77,Mg#平均51)为特征。该纯橄岩中的浸染状铬铁矿也是高铬低镁型,但Mg#值(平均59)高于厚层状纯橄岩的副矿物铬尖晶石。薄壳状纯橄岩与厚层状纯橄岩成分相近,其橄榄石Fo92～94,单斜辉石Al2O3<1%和Mg#95～97;铬尖晶石的Cr#值平均71,Mg#值平均52。与薄壳状纯橄岩伴生的块状铬铁矿为高镁高铬型,但Mg#值(平均68)相对更高些,Cr#值平均79。透镜状纯橄岩的特征是橄榄石Fo(91～92)和铬尖晶石Cr#(60左右)均低于前两类纯橄岩,但单斜辉石的Al2O3(1.41%～1.71%)则高于前两者。透镜状纯橄岩的矿物成分与方辉橄榄岩重叠,两者为渐变过渡关系。研究对比表明,罗布莎厚层状纯橄岩不同于经典的蛇绿岩的超镁铁质堆晶岩,认为将其成因解释为拉斑玄武质熔体与地幔橄榄岩的反应较为合理。透镜状纯橄岩与方辉橄榄岩存在成生联系,可能是地幔橄榄岩高度部分熔融的产物,或熔体和方辉橄榄岩在原位发生反应的产物;薄壳状纯橄岩成因与厚层状纯橄岩相同,但与其相伴的块状铬铁矿是否由拉斑玄武质熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成,值得商榷。  相似文献   

3.
本文以西藏自治区罗布莎铬铁矿床为例并结合世界其它地区同类矿床实例,讨论了豆荚型铬铁矿床的成因机制。研究表明,铬铁矿与纯橄岩-斜辉辉橄岩都是由同一原始地幔岩(尖晶石二辉橄榄岩)经不同程度熔融的产物。铬铁矿及纯橄岩是这一过程中高度熔融的最终产物。其熔融的机制是两种辉石(斜方辉石和单斜辉石)不一致熔融转变为橄榄石和铬尖晶石,并伴随着副矿物铬尖晶石及造岩矿物成分的调整和再造,从而导致铬铁矿床与纯橄岩的紧密伴生。该研究成果对认识世界上同类矿床的成因有普遍意义。  相似文献   

4.
本文以西藏自治区罗布莎铬铁矿床为例并结合世界其它地区同类矿床实例,讨论了豆荚型铬铁矿床的成因机制。研究表明,铬铁矿与纯橄岩-斜辉辉橄岩都是由同一原始地幔岩(尖晶石二辉橄榄岩)经不同程度熔融的产物。铬铁矿及纯橄岩是这一过程中高度熔融的最终产物。其熔融的机制是两种辉石(斜方辉石和单斜辉石)不一致熔融转变为橄榄石和铬尖晶石,并伴随着副矿物铬尖晶石及造岩矿物成分的调整和再造,从而导致铬铁矿床与纯橄岩的紧密伴生。该研究成果对认识世界上同类矿床的成因有普遍意义。  相似文献   

5.
玉石沟铬铁矿床的成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
玉石沟铬铁矿床产于北祁连蛇绿岩型超镁铁岩中，可分为产于堆积超镁铁岩中的堆积铬铁矿床和产于地幔橄榄岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿床两种类型。堆积铬铁矿床由玄武岩浆分离结晶作用形成，位于辉长岩下约２０ｍ处的纯橄岩或辉石岩中；豆荚状铬铁矿床由地幔岩部分熔融作用形成，产于地幔橄榄岩上部或顶部基性程度最高的纯橄岩或纯橄岩－斜辉辉橄岩杂岩带，位于堆积杂岩下约２００～１７００ｍ范围内。  相似文献   

6.
为了研究蛇绿岩型豆荚状铬铁矿床的成因和构造环境,对西藏雅鲁藏布构造带中段的日喀则蛇绿岩大竹曲岩体中的铬铁矿化进行了研究。通过岩相学和地球化学研究,发现大竹曲地幔橄榄岩中铬尖晶石为不规则它形,且全岩的CaO和Al_2O_3含量与铬尖晶石Cr~#分别呈正相关和负相关关系,这表明地幔橄榄岩中铬尖晶石为地幔部分熔融的残余。然而,纯橄岩和矿石中铬尖晶石显示自形-半自形,并可见橄榄石包裹自形铬尖晶石,且纯橄岩与矿石的CaO和Al_2O_3和Cr~#均无相关性,均说明纯橄岩和铬铁矿石形成于岩石-熔体反应。高Cr~#矿石和纯橄岩的母岩浆性质接近于玻镁安山质熔体,而低Cr~#纯橄岩的母岩浆则类似于MORB,表明大竹曲铬铁矿可能形成于弧后扩张中心。  相似文献   

7.
两类蛇绿岩中变质橄榄岩的矿物表现出的共同特征是:从二辉橄榄岩→斜辉橄榄岩→斜辉辉橄岩→纯橄岩→铬铁矿石,其橄榄石、斜方辉石和单斜辉石的Mg/(Mg+Fe)(矿物牌号)依次升高,表现出富Mg贫Fe的演化趋势;铬尖晶石的Cr/(Cr+Al)亦同时升高,表现为富Cr贫Al的演化特征。 变质橄榄岩中的矿物均是原始上地幔岩部分熔融的残余物。在部分熔融过程中,橄榄石与铬尖晶石是生成相矿物,而斜方与单斜辉石则是消失相矿物,正是通过两种辉石的不断消失,岩石才从二辉橄榄岩依次转化为纯橄岩,并造成纯橄岩与铬铁矿的紧密伴生。在此过程中,矿物成分时刻都在变化,造岩矿物向富Mg贫Fe,金属矿物向富Cr贫Al方向调整,这与实际测定结果是一致的。  相似文献   

8.
扎河坝蛇绿岩是东准噶尔地区一条重要的蛇绿岩带,主要由橄榄岩、层状辉长岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩、硅质岩等组成。其中橄榄岩主要由方辉辉橄岩(方辉橄榄岩)、二辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩组成。二辉橄榄岩中的单斜辉石Cr_2O_3平均1.11%,Al_2O_3平均4.77%,MgO平均16.99%,CaO平均21.84%,SiO_2平均50.00%;铬尖晶石副矿物具有较低的Cr_2O_3(平均40.35%)、Cr~#(平均0.53)和更高的Al_2O_3(平均24.10%), MgO(平均13.23%)和Mg~#(0.62)含量,属高Al型,橄榄岩形成于扎河坝洋扩张时期(MOR环境);块状铬铁矿铬尖晶石各元素含量变化较小:Cr_2O_3平均55.45%,Al_2O_3平均10.88%, MgO平均11.98%和Mg~#为0.60,属SSZ背景高Cr型铬铁矿。二辉橄榄岩单斜辉石具有典型的熔融残余结构和熔-岩反应结构,斜方辉石保留绢石化假晶和部分未蚀变的辉石残余体(主要是顽火辉石),铬尖晶石副矿物具有熔蚀特征。单斜辉石的熔融残余结构是含铬矿物熔融、释放铬的一种表现,是橄榄岩部分熔融程度升高,向更富镁方向演化的结构标志,但可能对富Cr型铬铁矿的形成贡献有限。橄榄岩存在熔-岩反应新生的单斜辉石、橄榄石及结构标志。熔-岩反应过程中流体、挥发分的作用不可忽视。文章还探讨了铬铁矿Cr~#、Mg~#和Al_2O_3含量差异与蛇绿岩形成的构造背景关系及影响因素。卡拉麦里洋壳俯冲和地幔对流循环使扎河坝早期形成于MOR环境的富Al铬尖晶石富集,形成高Cr块状铬铁矿。  相似文献   

9.
1958年袁棨林在我国北部一地槽区曾注意到有两类超基性岩体。第Ⅰ类有橄长岩-异剥辉长岩分异脉岩(以下简称分异脉岩)的岩体,其造矿铬尖晶石为较富铝的富铬尖晶石亚种和富铁富铬尖晶石亚种,组成低品位冶金级矿石;第Ⅱ类为无分异脉岩的岩体,其中合富铬贫铝的铬铁矿亚种和富铁铬铁矿亚种,组成高品位冶金级矿石。它们虽然都是镁质超基性岩,同样是以斜辉辉撖岩为主的纯橄榄岩-辉橄岩杂岩体,而且都显示了较强的动力分异作用,只是由于出现或不出现与晚期岩浆铬铁矿有成因关系的分异脉岩,而使造矿铬失晶石成分有明显地不同。  相似文献   

10.
东波超镁铁岩体产在雅鲁藏布江缝合带的西段,与周边白垩纪沉积岩地层和火山岩以断层接触.航磁资料显示该岩体约400km2规模,地表出露连续,地下有一定延深.超镁铁岩体由亏损的地幔橄榄岩组成,主要有高镁的方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和少量二辉橄榄岩.方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩中橄榄石和斜方辉石属高镁型,分别为Fo=89.5～91.5和Mg#=90～91.5.但二辉橄榄岩中的Al2O3和CaO含量明显高于方辉橄榄岩.方辉橄榄岩中单斜辉石Mg#=92～95,二辉橄榄岩的Mg#=92～93,两者的值也重叠.二辉橄榄岩中的Al2O3和CaO含量要明显高于方辉橄榄岩.这些均为阿尔卑斯型地幔橄榄岩的典型特征.纯橄岩中的橄榄石Fo=92～93.2,其斜方辉石和单斜辉石的Mg#=～93,但Al2O3和CaO的含量比方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩的低.三种岩石的成分变化规律,反映了地幔部分熔融程度的差异.二辉橄榄岩铬尖晶石的Cr#值20～30,反映为典型深海橄榄岩特征,指示MOR环境.与其不同的是,方辉橄榄岩的铬尖晶石的Cr#=20～75,指示MOR和SSZ两者兼有环境.岩石的原始地幔标准化的REE和微量元素蛛网图模式支持了上述的认识.东波地幔橄榄岩中的岩石学特征与产有大型铬铁矿床的罗布莎地幔橄榄岩可对比,岩体中已多处发现块状铬铁矿石,其铬铁矿的Cr2O3含量56％～59％,表明东波是寻找铬铁矿大矿和富矿甚具前景的一个超镁铁岩体.  相似文献   

11.
The lavas of the Mount Cameroon, a Plio-Quaternary stratovolcano and the most important volcano along the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), constitute a weakly differentiated alkaline series: mainly comprising basanites as well as alkaline basalts, hawaiites and mugearites. Ultramafic xenoliths (1–5?×?0.5–4 cm) of dunites, wehrlites and clinopyroxenites have been discovered in the basanites of a strombolian cone, located near Batoke on the South flank of the massif at an elevation of 500 m. K-Ar whole rock dating of the basanitic host rock has yielded an age of 0.73?±?0.08 Ma. This result falls within the range of the seven new K-Ar age determinations of mafic lavas, between 2.83 Ma and the Present. These are the first K-Ar data on this massif. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of basic lavas are low (0.703198–0.703344), and 143Nd/144Nd ratios are intermediate (0.512851–0.512773). These ratios are typical of a mantle origin. The main characteristics of the xenoliths are: (a) total FeO contents are 15.1 to 19.1 wt.% in olivines (chrysolite, Mg# ranging from 79 to 84) of xenoliths, and 4.7 to 6.9 wt.% in diopsides of xenoliths, (b) diopsides of the clinopyroxenites have up to 7.2 wt.% Al2O3 and 2.3 wt.% TiO2, (c) spinels occur as interstitial grains between chrysolite and diopside grains, i.e. Cr2O3-rich magnetites (19 to 21 wt.% Cr2O3) in the dunites as well as (22 to 25 wt.% Cr2O3) in the wehrlites and titanomagnetites (14 to 15 wt.% TiO2) in the clinopyroxenites. Mineralogical analyses show an important re-equilibration between the chrysolite xenocrysts and the host basanitic magma. We observed a decrease in Mg and Ni towards the rim, and an enrichment in all others cations like Fe, Mn, Ca, Si. The changes of Fe2+ / Mg2+ are the most important. The xenoliths are interpreted as cumulates: clinopyroxenite xenoliths have probably crystallized and fractionated at an early stage from the mafic (host basanitic) magma, while dunite and wehrlite xenoliths seem to have crystallized from a previous more primitive batch of magma. These alkaline liquids could have been derived from partial melting of a garnet- rich lherzolite in the upper mantle beneath the Cameroon Volcanic Line. The AlIV/AlVI ratios remain high (1.2 to 4.9) in the clinopyroxenes of the xenoliths. This suggests crystallization under a lower pressure than that of equilibration of the clinopyroxenes (ratios 0.6 to 0.8) found in typical mantle xenoliths from the CVL.  相似文献   

12.
匹克铬铁矿是津巴布韦少有的大型透镜状铬铁矿床之一。文章总结了匹克铬铁矿的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、矿床地球化学特征和矿床成因方面的研究进展。文章认为该矿床的初始组分与初始科马提岩型铬铁矿相似,主量元素表明铬铁矿的氧逸度比较低,保留了岩浆初始的还原环境,并表现出岩浆结晶分异演化的特征。尽管矿床形成之后受到交代和角闪岩相变质作用的影响,但初始组分没有被显著破坏。矿床所在地区铬铁矿Re-Os同位素分析表明,津巴布韦克拉通岩石圈地幔同位素比值显著低于硅酸盐地球的平均值,并没有受到上地幔对流的影响。归纳了前人对匹克铬铁矿成因的几种观点,提出矿床的成矿模式和形成过程。  相似文献   

13.
The microstructure and magnetic properties of accessory Fe–Cr-spinels from the Kytlym massif of the Urals platinum-bearing belt were studied. Atypical Fe–Cr-spinels in the form of magnetic microareas in grains of primary nonmagnetic Fe–Cr-spinel have been revealed for the first time in the bed dunites of the Kytlym multiphase concentrically zoned massif, North Urals. These spinels are responsible for the magnetic properties of the dunites. It has been established that the microareas are separations in solid solution Fe2+(Cr2–xFex3+)O4, which are enriched in Fe3 + and are probably an intermediate product of the transformation of primary accessory Fe-Cr-spinel during the formation of the dunite massif. These are magnetic microphases with particular chemical composition, cation distribution, and corresponding reversed crystal lattice, which determine the main magnetic properties of the microarea: the magnitude and direction of magnetization vector and Curie temperature. The formation of this earlier unknown type of magnetic Fe–Cr-spinel is probably conjugate with the formation and concentration of PGE mineralization in the bed dunites of the Kytlym platinum-bearing massif. The presence of such magnetization carriers in rocks and ores must be taken into account in geophysical research at the Urals chromite and platinum–chromite deposits.  相似文献   

14.
The mantle section of Al'Ays ophiolite consists of heterogeneously depleted harzburgites, dunites and large-sized chromitite pods. Two chromitite-bearing sites (Site1 and Site2), about 10 km apart horizontally from one another, were examined for their upper mantle rocks. Cr-spinels from the two sites have different chemistry; Cr-rich in Site1 and Al-rich in Site2. The average Cr-ratio = (Cr/(Cr + Al) atomic ratio) of Cr-spinels in harzburgites, dunites and chromitites is remarkably high 0.78, 0.77 and 0.87, respectively, in Site1, compared with those of Site2 which have intermediate ratio averages 0.5, 0.56 and 0.6, respectively. The platinum-group elements (PGE) in chromitites also show contrasting patterns from Site1 to Site2; having elevated IPGE (Os, Ir, Ru) and strongly depleted in PPGE (Rh, Pt, Pd) with steep negative slopes in the former, and gentle negative slopes in the latter. The oxygen fugacity (Δlog fO2) values deduced from harzburgites and dunites of Site1 show a wide variation under reducing conditions, mostly below the FMQ buffer. The Site2 harzburgites and dunites, on the other hand are mostly above the FMQ buffer. Two magmatic stages are suggested for the lithospheric evolution of Al'Ays ophiolite in response to a switch of tectonic setting. The first stage produced a peridotites–chromitites suite with Al-rich Cr-spinels, possibly beneath a mid-ocean ridge setting, or most likely in back-arc rift of a supra-subduction zone setting. The second stage involved higher degrees of partial melting, produced a peridotites–chromitites suite with Cr-rich Cr-spinels, possibly in a fore-arc setting. The coexistence of compositionally different mantle suites with different melting histories in a restricted area of an ophiolite complex may be attributable to a mechanically juxtaposed by mantle convection during recycling. The mantle harzburgites and dunites are apt to be compositionally modified during recycling process; being highly depleted (Site1 case) than their original composition (Site2 case).  相似文献   

15.
The Zambales ophiolite is the major source of chromite ore in the Philippines. The chromitites are concordant cumulates and are associated with distinct chromitite-bearing sequences within the mantle peridotites. Refractory and metallurgical chromite deposits are spatially separated and related to different lithologic associations, which crystallized from different parental magmas. — Refractory chromite ores (30–44 wt% Cr2O3; 20–30 wt% Al2O3) are linked with the peridotite-troctolite-olivine gabbro lineage. Two main types were found: (1) Al-rich refractory ores associated with harzburgites and feldspathic periodotites and (2) more Cr-rich varieties associated with lherzolites. — Metallurgical chromite ores (45–53 wt% Cr2O3; 12–18 wt% Al2O3) are linked with the peridotite-pyroxenite-norite lineage. Two main types were also found: (1) Cr-rich metallurgical ores associated with orthopyroxenites and (2) more Al-rich varieties related to clinopyroxenites. — The chemical composition of chromite within the deposits varies depending on the chromite/silicate ratios of the ore types and grades continuously into accessory chrome spinels in the wall-rock peridotites. — The geochemistry of accessory chrome spinels in various peridotites and mafic cumulates depends on the mineralogical composition and the stratigraphic position of their host rocks.New address: BEB Erdgas und Erdöl GmbH, Riethorst 12, D-3000 Hannover 51The terms chrome-spinels and chromite are used as follows: 1. Chrome-spinel is only used for those occuring as accessory minerals in various ultramafic and mafic rocks (= accessory chrome-spinels). Their chemical composition has been determined only by microprobe analysis. — 2. Chromite is used for ore and ore deposits (=chromitites); the chemical composition has been determined by wet chemistry (AAS) or by microprobe analysis  相似文献   

16.
The Bulqiza ultramafic massif, which is part of the eastern Mirdita ophiolite of northern Albania, is world renowned for its high-Cr chromitite deposits. High-Cr chromitites hosted in the mantle section are the crystallized products of boninitic melts in a supra-subduction zone (SSZ). However, economically important high-Al chromitites are also present in massive dunite of the mantle-crust transition zone (MTZ). Chromian-spinel in the high-Al chromitites and dunites of the MTZ have much lower Cr# values (100Cr/(Cr+Al)) (47.7–55.1 and 46.5–51.7, respectively) than those in the high-Cr chromitites (78.2–80.4), harzburgites (72.6–77.9) and mantle dunites (79.4–84.3). The chemical differences in these two types of chromitites are reflected in the behaviors of their platinum-group elements (PGE). The high-Cr chromitites are rich in IPGE relative to PPGE with 0.10–0.45 PPGE/IPGE ratios, whereas the high-Al chromitites have relatively higher PPGE/IPGE ratios between 1.20 and 7.80. The calculated melts in equilibrium with the high-Cr chromitites are boninitic-like, and those associated with the high-Al chromitites are MORB-like but with hydrous, oxidized and TiO2-poor features. We propose that the coexistence of both types of chromitites in the Bulqiza ultramafic massif may indicates a change in magma composition from MORB-like to boninitic-like in a proto-forearc setting during subduction initiation.  相似文献   

17.
La Cabaña peridotite is part of a dismembered ophiolite complex located within the metamorphic basement of the Coastal Cordillera of south-central Chile, and is the only location in Chile were Cr-spinels have been described so far. The La Cabaña peridotite is part of the Western Series unit, which comprises meta-sedimentary rocks, metabasites, and serpentinized ultramafic rocks. This unit has been affected by greenschist-facies metamorphism with reported peak PT conditions of 7.0–9.3 kbar and 380°–420 °C. Within La Cabaña peridotite Cr-spinels are present in two localities: Lavanderos and Centinela Bajo. In Lavanderos, Cr-spinel occurs in small chromitite pods and as accessory/disseminated grains with a porous or spongy texture in serpentinite, whereas in Centinela Bajo Cr-spinel is present as accessory zoned grains in partly serpentinized dunites, and in chromitite blocks. All Cr-spinels display variable degrees of alteration to Fe2+-rich chromite with a variation trend of major elements from chromite to Fe2+-rich chromite similar to those observed in other locations, i.e., an increase in Fe2O3 and FeO, a decrease in Al2O3 and MgO. Cr2O3 content increases from chromite to Fe2+-rich chromite in chromitite pods from Lavanderos and chromitite blocks from Centinela Bajo, but decreases in ferrian chromite zones in accessory grains from Centinela Bajo. The minor element (Ti, V, Zn, Ni) content is mostly low and does not exceed 0.4 wt.%, with the exception of MnO (<0.9 wt.%), which shows a correspondence with increasing degree of alteration. Cr# (Cr/Cr?+?Al) versus Mg# (Mg/Mg?+?Fe2+) and Fe3+/Fe3++Fe2+ versus Mg# plots are used to illustrate the Cr-spinel alteration process. Overall, the Cr-spinels from Lavanderos (chromitite pods and disseminated grains) exhibit Cr# values ranging from 0.6 to 1.0, Mg# (Mg/Mg?+?Fe2+) below 0.5, and (Fe3+/Fe3++Fe2+) <0.4. Cr-spinels from chromitites in Centinela Bajo have Cr# and Mg# values that range from 0.65 to 1.0, and 0.7-0.3, respectively, and (Fe3+/Fe3++Fe2+)?3+/Fe3++Fe2+) ratio is less than 0.4 in chromite cores and Fe2+-rich chromite, and >0.5 in ferrian chromite and Cr-magnetite. Interpretation of the data obtained and Cr-spinel textures indicate that the alteration of Cr-spinel is a progressive process that involves in its initial stages the reaction of chromite with olivine under water-saturated conditions to produce clinochlore and Fe2+-rich chromite. During this stage the chromite can also incorporate Ni, Mn, and/or Zn from the serpentinization fluids. As alteration progresses, Fe2+-rich chromite loses mass resulting in the development of a spongy texture. In a later stage and under more oxidizing conditions Fe3+ is incorporated in chromite/Fe2+-rich chromite shifting its composition to an Fe3+-rich chromite (i.e., ferrian chromite). Depending on the fluid/rock and Cr-spinel/silicate ratios, Cr-magnetite can also form over Fe2+-rich chromite and/or ferrian chromite as a secondary overgrowth. The compositional changes observed in Cr-spinels from La Cabaña reflect the initial stages of alteration under serpentinization conditions. Results from this study show that the alteration of Cr-spinels is dependent on temperature. The degree and extent of alteration (formation of Fe2+-rich and/or ferrian chromite) are controlled by the redox nature of the fluids, the Cr-spinel/silicate and the fluid/rock ratios.  相似文献   

18.
产于层状镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体中的太和岩浆型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床是峨眉山大火成岩省内带几个超大型Fe-Ti氧化物矿床之一。太和岩体长超过3km,宽2km,厚约1.2km。根据矿物含量和结构等特征,整个岩体从下向上可划分为下部岩相带、中部岩相带、上部岩相带。下部岩相带主要以(橄榄)辉长岩和厚层不含磷灰石的块状Fe-Ti氧化物矿层组成。中部岩相带韵律旋回发育,(磷灰石)磁铁辉石岩主要位于旋回的底部,旋回上部为(磷灰石)辉长岩。上部岩相带主要是贫Fe-Ti氧化物的磷灰石辉长岩。太和中部岩相带磷灰石磁铁辉石岩含有5%~12%磷灰石、20%~35%Fe-Ti氧化物、50%~60%硅酸盐矿物,且硅酸盐矿物与磷灰石呈堆积结构。磷灰石磁铁辉石岩中磁铁矿显示高TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO,且变化范围与趋势接近于攀枝花岩体。钛铁矿FeO分别与TiO2、MgO显示负相关,而FeO分别与Fe2O3、MnO显示正的相关,且TiO2、FeO、MnO、MgO含量变化较大,这些特征都暗示磁铁矿和钛铁矿是从富Fe-Ti-P岩浆中分离结晶。因此,可以推断太和磷灰石磁铁矿辉石岩形成于矿物重力分选和堆积。太和下部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿含有相对较高Cr2O3(0.07%~0.21%),而中部岩相带包裹在橄榄石中磁铁矿Cr2O3(0.00%~0.03%)显著降低,且这些磁铁矿Cr2O3含量变化与单斜辉石Cr含量和斜长石An牌号呈正相关。这些特征印证了形成中部岩相带的相对演化的富Fe-Ti-P母岩浆可能是源自中部岩浆房的混合岩浆。上部岩相带磁铁矿和中部岩相带顶部少量磁铁矿显示较低Ti+V可能是由于岩浆房中累积的岩浆热液对磁铁矿成分进行了改造。  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

A chromite deposit was discovered in the Kudi ophiolite in the Palaeozoic western Kunlun orogenic belt. Chromite forms elongated (<2 m in width) and banded chromitite bodies (<0.1 m in width for each band) in dunite and podiform chromitite bodies (<1.5 m in width) in harzburgite. Dunite is classified into two types. Type I dunite hosting massive and banded chromitites shows low Fo in olivine (88.1–90.9), moderate Cr# [=Cr/(Cr + Al), 0.47–0.56] in chromite, and a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized platinum group elements (PGE) pattern, suggesting that it is a cumulate of a mafic melt. Harzburgite and type II dunite show olivine with high Fo (>91.1) and chromite with moderate to high Cr# (0.44–0.61), and flat to negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns, indicating that they are residual mantle peridotite after partial melting. Chromite in all three types of chromitites has relatively uniform moderate values Cr# ranging from 0.43 to 0.56. Massive chromitite contains euhedral chromite with high TiO2 (0.40–0.43 wt.%) and has a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern, suggesting that it represents a cumulate of a melt. Rocks containing disseminated and banded chromite show overall low total PGE, < 117 ppb, and a negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern. Chromite grains in these two types of occurrences are irregular in shape and enclose olivine grains, suggesting that chromite formed later than olivine. We suggest that chromite-oversaturated melt penetrated into the pre-existing dunite and crystallized chromite. The oxygen fugacity (fO2 values of chromitites and peridotites are high, ranging from FMQ+0.8 (0.8 logarithmic unit above the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer) to FMQ+2.3 for chromitites and from FMQ+0.9 to FMQ+2.8 for peridotites (dunite and harzburgite). The mineral compositions and high fO2 values as well as estimated parental magma compositions of the chromitites suggest that the Kudi ophiolite formed in a sub-arc setting.  相似文献   

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