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《新疆地质》2020,(3)
南阿尔金吐拉地区基性麻粒岩呈透镜体分布于泥质片麻岩中。基性麻粒岩主要矿物组成为石榴子石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、角闪石、黑云母和斜长石,显示"巴罗式"变质作用(中压麻粒岩相变质作用)特征。目前南阿尔金吐拉地区发育的"巴罗式"变质岩研究相对薄弱,对岩石学特征、变质演化轨迹及"巴罗式"变质作用成因机制亦不明确。传统矿物温压计指示基性麻粒岩的峰期变质温压条件为T=820℃～870℃,P=8.0～8.5 kPa,退变质阶段温压T=700℃～750℃,P=6～7.5 k Pa,为一个降温降压顺时针型的P-T演化轨迹。锆石U-Pb定年加权平均年龄为～450Ma,结合岩相学研究和锆石特征,认为其代表了峰期麻粒岩相变质时代。基性麻粒岩与区域上深熔作用和花岗质岩浆作用变质年龄相似,较南阿尔金UHP榴辉岩和HP麻粒岩的峰期变质时代晚40～50 Ma,与榴辉岩折返过程中麻粒岩相叠加变质作用时代较相似。说明吐拉地区"巴罗式"变质作用及同时代花岗质岩浆作用和混合岩化作用可能是由于俯冲陆壳发生断离并开始折返上升,在伸展环境下由幔源岩浆上涌加热中地壳形成的。 相似文献
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大陆碰撞造山带中高压麻粒岩的 P- T- t 轨迹研究对于理解造山带的热演化历史及大陆地壳的形成与演化具有重要的意义，然而，如何连接同位素年龄与变质演化过程是恢复和建立 P- T- t 轨迹的重点和难点。本文通过对南阿尔金巴什瓦克地区基性麻粒岩的详细岩相学研究，认为该基性麻粒岩经历了原岩阶段（M1）、峰期变质阶段（M2）、峰后退变质阶段（M3）以及晚期角闪岩相- 绿片岩相退变质阶段（M4）。其中，传统矿物温压计和矿物微量元素温压计获得该基性麻粒岩所记录的峰期变质条件分别为17. 5~22. 6 kbar，901~985℃ 和17~28 kbar，1012~1049℃，退变质阶段的温压条件为7. 6~10. 7 kbar，750~810℃。此外，锆石U- Pb 年代学结果表明基性麻粒岩的变质时代为491±3. 5 Ma (MSWD=0. 62)，结合锆石和石榴子石的微量元素分配系数以及前人的实验岩石学数据，认为该变质时代记录了早古生代高压- 超高温的变质事件，进而恢复了南阿尔金基性麻粒岩所记录的顺时针 P- T- t 轨迹。 相似文献
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山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩的成因矿物学及变质演化 总被引：27，自引：22，他引：5
在山东半岛的平度-莱西-莱阳-烟台一带,广泛出露基性高压麻粒岩,它们呈大小不等的透镜体或不规则脉状体产于TTG片麻岩中,且与超镁铁质岩石密切"伴生"。根据岩相学、矿物相转变、变质反应以及温压条件的系统研究结果,确定山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩经历了四个阶段的变质演化。早期进变质阶段(M1)的标志性矿物组合以石榴石及其内部的细粒单斜辉石+斜长石±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=740～770℃、P=0.9～1.0GPa;峰期高压麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)的矿物组合以基质中石榴石(富Ca核部)+单斜辉石(富Al核部)+斜长石(富Na核部)±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=850～880℃、P=1.45～1.65GPa;峰后近等温减压(中压)麻粒岩相退变质阶段(M3),以发生一系列典型减压反应和斜方辉石的大量出现为标志,典型的矿物组合为斜方辉石+单斜辉石+斜长石+磁铁矿±角闪石,记录的温压条件为T=780～830℃、P=0.65～0.85GPa;晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段(M4)以石榴石发生降温反应、形成角闪石+斜长石+磁铁矿±石英等退变矿物组合为特征,记录的温压条件为T=590～650℃、P=0.62～0.82GPa。高压基性麻粒岩的变质演化的P-T轨迹具有顺时针型式,先后经历了近等温减压过程(ITD)和近等压降温过程(IBC)变质演化过程,指示研究区基性高压麻粒岩是古老陆块之间在俯冲-碰撞造山过程中加厚下地壳折返地表的产物。该项成果对于重新认识华北克拉通在早前寒武纪古老陆块的碰撞-拼贴及其演化的动力学过程具有重要科学意义。 相似文献
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南秦岭勉略构造带高压基性麻粒岩变质作用及其锆石U-Pb年龄 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
勉县-略阳地区是勉略蛇绿构造混杂岩带的代表区段,本文在勉县北部徐家坪地区确定了主要矿物为Grt+Cpx+Pl和具有典型"白眼圈"反应结构的两类高压基性麻粒岩,分别对其进行细致的岩相学研究,并利用THERMOCALC3.33程序进行P-T视剖面图计算。一类高压基性麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为Grt1+Cpx+Pl1+Qz,对应温压条件为T=800～860℃,P=12.4～14.6kbar,晚期退变质矿物组合为Grt2+Hbl+Pl2+Qz。另一类是具有典型"白眼圈"反应结构的高压基性麻粒岩,"白眼圈"结构中斜长石为富Na的钠-更长石,以此推断该高压基性麻粒岩早期矿物组合中含绿辉石,因此其变质峰期矿物组合可能为Grt1+Omp(?)+Qz或Grt1+Cpx(?)+Pl+Qz,对应温压条件分别为T=775～900℃,P>19.2kbar和T=750～850℃,P=16.5～19.8kbar;该岩石后期经历了以矿物组合Grt2+Opx+Hbl1+Pl1+Qz为代表的麻粒岩相及以Grt3+Hbl2+Pl2+Qz为代表的角闪岩相两期退变质作用。造成这两种高压基性麻粒岩峰期变质矿物组合及其温压条件存在差异的原因可能是岩石原始成分的不同。对高压基性麻粒岩及其中的浅色脉体分别进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析,得到高压基性麻粒岩214±11Ma的变质年龄及脉体215±5Ma的结晶时代,并结合锆石微量元素特征分析,认为214±11Ma的年龄值代表该高压基性麻粒岩角闪岩相的退变质时代,同时获得该高压基性麻粒岩原岩形成时代可能为477Ma。综合两件高压基性麻粒岩的P-T演化轨迹及变质时代,建立高压基性麻粒岩的P-T-t演化轨迹,据此反映秦岭造山带在印支期沿勉略构造带发生俯冲-碰撞造山过程。 相似文献
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胶北地块早元古代钙硅酸盐岩与高压基性麻粒岩成因及地质意义 总被引：11，自引：11，他引：0
胶北地块发育一套早元古代变质杂岩,主要由浅变质到中高级变质的滨海相至浅海相的沉积岩系列组成,属于胶-辽-吉构造活动带的一部分。其中具有顺时针变质作用PT轨迹的高压基性麻粒岩和高压泥质麻粒岩指示了造成该带闭合的碰撞构造过程。本文研究与高压基性麻粒岩密切共生的钙硅酸盐岩。首先根据矿物反应关系研究,确定钙硅酸盐岩是由含石榴石的基性麻粒岩经钙质交代形成的。进一步采用残留单斜辉石-石榴石组合、退变矿物组合,并根据SACMF体系矿物组合演化的PT视剖面图,计算得出钙硅酸盐岩经历了早期温压条件为780~850℃、1.0~1.1GPa的变质作用和晚期温压条件为400~650℃、0.6~0.75GPa的退变质作用和交代作用,从而得出顺时针的P-T轨迹。这一结果表明,钙硅酸盐岩形成于陆-陆碰撞过程的晚期阶段,是高压基性麻粒岩在折返过程中经历退变质和Ca质交代联合作用的结果。钙硅酸盐岩的形成机制及其与石榴石基性麻粒岩原岩的成因联系的确立,丰富了对于碰撞变质地块抬升过程及其岩石学效应的认识。 相似文献
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造山带中成对出现的高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩及其地球动力学意义 总被引：18，自引：13，他引：5
在一些典型碰撞造山带中,高压麻粒岩与榴辉岩在空间和时间上密切相关,它们之间的关系对揭示碰撞造山带的造山过程和造山机制具有重要意义.本文以中国西部的南阿尔金、柴北缘及中部的北秦岭造山带为例,详细陈述了这3个地区榴辉岩和相关的高压麻粒岩的野外关系、变质演化和形成时代,目的是要建立大陆碰撞造山带中榴辉岩和相关高压麻粒岩形成的地球动力学背景模式.南阿尔金榴辉岩呈近东西向分布在江尕勒萨依,玉石矿沟一带,与含夕线石副片麻岩、花岗质片麻岩和少量大理岩构成榴辉岩一片麻岩单元,榴辉岩中含有柯石英假象,其峰期变质条件为P=2.8～3.0GPa,T=730～850℃,并在抬升过程中经历了角闪岩-麻粒岩相的叠加;大量年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～500Ma.南阿尔金高压麻粒岩分布在巴什瓦克地区,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,它们与超基性岩构成了一个大约5km宽的构造岩石单元,与周围角闪岩相的片麻岩为韧性剪切带接触.长英质麻粒岩和基性麻粒岩的峰期组合均具有蓝晶石和三元长石(已变成条纹长石),形成的温压条件为T=930～1020℃,P=1.8～2.5GPa,并在退变质过程中经历了中压麻粒岩相变质作用叠加.锆石SHRIMP测定显示巴什瓦克高压麻粒岩的峰期变质时代为493～497Ma.都兰地区的榴辉岩分布柴北缘HP-UHP变质带的东端,在榴辉岩和围岩副片麻岩中均发现有柯石英保存,形成的峰期温压条件为T=670～730℃和P=2.7～3.25GPa,退变质阶段经过了角闪岩相的叠加;榴辉岩相变质时代为420～450Mao都兰地区的高压麻粒岩分布在阿尔茨托山西部,高压麻粒岩包括基性麻粒岩长英质麻粒岩,基性麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为Grt+Cpx+Pl±Ky±Zo+Rt±Qtz,长英质麻粒岩的峰期矿物组合为：Grt+Kf+Ky+Pl+Qtz.峰期变质条件为T=800～925℃,P=1.4～1.85GPa,退变质阶段经历了角闪岩-绿片岩的改造,高压麻粒岩的变质时代为420～450Ma.北秦岭榴辉岩分布在官坡-双槐树一带,榴辉岩的峰期变质组合为Grt+Omp±Phe+Qtz+Rt,所计算的峰期温压条件为T=680～770℃和P=2.25～2.65GPa,年代学数据显示榴辉岩的变质时代为500Ma左右.北秦岭高压麻粒岩分布在含榴辉岩单元的南侧松树沟一带,包括高压基性麻粒岩和高压长英质麻粒岩,与超基性岩在空间上密切伴生,高压麻粒岩的峰期温压条件为T=850～925℃,P=1.45～1.80GPa,锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示其峰期变质时代为485～507Ma.以上三个实例显示,出现在同一造山带、在空间上伴生的高压麻粒岩和榴辉岩有各自不同的变质演化历史,但榴辉岩中的榴辉岩相变质时代和相邻的高压麻粒岩中的高压麻粒岩相变质作用时代相同或相近,这种成对出现的榴辉岩和高压麻粒岩代表了它们同时形成在造山带中不同的构造环境中,即榴辉岩的形成于大陆俯冲带中,而高压麻粒岩可能形成在俯冲带之上增厚的大陆地壳根部. 相似文献
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胶北南山口古元古代高压基性麻粒岩和钙硅酸盐岩的岩石地球化学特征探讨 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
胶北莱西古元古代的高压基性麻粒岩和钙硅酸盐岩的基本矿物组合分别为以铁铝榴石为主的石榴石-普通辉石-铁紫苏辉石和钙铝榴石-黝帘石-葡萄石-钠长石.矿物岩石学研究表明钙硅酸盐岩是由含石榴石高压基性麻粒岩经退变质和钙质交代作用形成.南山口高压基性麻粒岩记录了麻粒岩相变质作用前、麻粒岩相变质作用、退变质和钙硅酸盐岩化共同作用以及完全钙硅酸盐岩化的四个阶段的地质作用,其矿物组合分别为Cpx+ Pl+ Qtz(M1),Grt+ Cpx+ Rt+ Qtz(M2),Cpx+Pl+ Opx+ Ilm+ Mgt+ Ep(M3)和Grs+ Zo+ Prh+ Ab+ Cal(M4).微量元素研究表明,高压基性麻粒岩中大离子亲石元素Ba、Rb、K、Rb、Th富集,而高场强元素Nb、Zr、Ti、Y亏损,具有轻稀土富集的右倾型稀土配分曲线.稀土元素和微量元素配分图解显示了岛孤拉斑玄武岩的特征.主元素、微量元素的构造判别图解进一步分析表明高压基性麻粒岩及其钙硅酸盐岩的原岩形成于大陆边缘的岛弧环境.综合高压基性麻粒岩岩石学、元素地球化学特征认为,莱西高压基性麻粒岩的原岩是拉斑玄武岩质岩石,可能是形成于孤后扩张背景下基性的侵入岩或喷出岩.岩石形成以后,在胶-辽-吉带碰撞闭合过程中,经历了麻粒岩相变质作用,又在后来的抬升过程中经历退变质和钙硅酸盐岩化作用. 相似文献
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华北东南缘五河杂岩的变质演化过程研究有助于揭示研究区前寒武纪变质基底的形成与演化历史.基于对五河杂岩中镁铁质麻粒岩进行的详细岩相学观察、矿物电子探针及锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和微量元素分析,识别出古元古代变质演化的3个阶段,重建了峰期后近等温减压及降压冷却的顺时针P-T-t轨迹.峰期高压麻粒岩相变质阶段的代表性矿物组合为石榴子石（富Ca核部）+单斜辉石（富Al）+斜长石+石英+金红石±角闪石（富Ti）,所记录的峰期温压条件为850~900 ℃、1.5 GPa;峰期后近等温减压麻粒岩相变质阶段,富Ti角闪石分解在周围形成石榴子石+斜方辉石+斜长石±单斜辉石的矿物组合,所记录的温压条件为~900 ℃、1.1~1.2 GPa;晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段,石榴子石分解产生角闪石+斜长石±石英,所记录的温压条件为600~680 ℃、0.65~0.75 GPa.锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,高压麻粒岩相、中压麻粒岩相和角闪岩相变质时代分别为~1.90 Ga、~1.85 Ga和~1.78 Ga.因此,研究区镁铁质麻粒岩的变质演化过程与胶北地体可以对比,结合已有的2.1 Ga花岗质岩石的成因和锆石年代学等方面研究成果,进一步证明五河杂岩属于胶-辽-吉带的西延,二者共同构成了华北克拉通东部一条古元古代碰撞造山带. 相似文献
10.
南天山北缘榆树沟麻粒岩的变质作用及其锆石SHRIMP年龄的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
南天山北缘榆树沟麻粒岩主要为基性麻粒岩,由多个变质程度不同(低、中、高压麻粒岩相)的岩片被构造作用拼贴到一起。本文对不同麻粒岩开展详细的岩相学研究,识别出的变质作用有:进变质角闪岩相、低压麻粒岩相、中压麻粒岩相、高压麻粒岩相和退变质的中压麻粒岩相、角闪岩相、绿片岩相变质作用。对于有成熟温压计的中压麻粒岩相(即Grt-Opx-Cpx-Plg-Qtz组合)矿物组合的样品进行了温压估算,获得的温度和压力范围为724~826℃和0.64~0.88GPa。对原岩为火山岩的中压麻粒岩相岩石的锆石核部的研究表明,锆石的来源复杂;SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学测定显示,锆石的变质生成边的年龄稳定,为390~401Ma,代表了中压麻粒岩相进变质作用的时代。 相似文献
11.
麻粒岩相变质流体及麻粒岩相岩石成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
流体在麻粒岩相地钵形成过程中所扮演的角色是有争议的。麻粒岩相变质流体目前的研究成果可归纳为碳变质模式、无流体变质模式和高盐度流体变质模式。碳变质模式强调幔源CO2在麻粒岩形成过程中起着非常重要的作用，这一模式在许多麻粒岩相地体得到了肯定。但碳、氧稳定同位素的不均一现象、峰期矿物组合热力学计算结果以及富CO2流体对硅酸盐的搬运能力低使碳变质受到了质疑。无流体变质模式强调部分熔融降低H2O活度的绝对重要性，但却无法解释普遍存在的麻粒岩相原生富CO2包裹体。而高盐度流体变质模式的确有潜在的优势，如低H2O活度、较强的碱金属、LILE及硅酸盐的搬运能力，但这一理论需要进一步证实。 相似文献
12.
Processes in granulite metamorphism 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
13.
Mafic granulite, generated from eclogite, occurs in felsic granulite at Kle?, Blanský les, in the Bohemian Massif. This is significant because such eclogite is very rare within the felsic granulite massifs. Moreover, at this locality, strong interaction has occurred between the mafic granulite and the adjacent felsic granulite producing intermediate granulite, such intermediate granulite being of enigmatic origin elsewhere. The mafic granulite involves garnet from the original eclogite, containing large idiomorphic inclusions of omphacite, plagioclase and quartz, as well as rutile. The edge of the garnet is replaced by a plagioclase corona, with the garnet zoned towards the corona and also the inclusions. The original omphacite–quartz–?plagioclase matrix has recrystallized to coarse‐grained polygonal (‘equilibrium’‐textured) plagioclase‐diopsidic clinopyroxene–orthopyroxene also with brown amphibole commonly in the vicinity of garnet. Somewhat larger quartz grains are embedded in this matrix, along with minor ilmenite, rutile and zircon. Combining the core garnet composition with core inclusion compositions gives a pressure of the order of 18 kbar from assemblage and isopleths on a P?T pseudosection, with temperature poorly constrained, but most likely >900 °C. From this P?T pseudosection, the recrystallization of the matrix took place at ~12 kbar, and from Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry, at relatively hot conditions of 900–950 °C. It is largely at these conditions that the eclogite/mafic granulite interacted with the felsic granulite to make intermediate granulite (see next paper). 相似文献
14.
Timothy P. Loomis 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1977,62(1):1-22
It is necessary to understand the mechanisms of disequilibrium reactions in metamorphic rocks in order to (1) model the rate of reaction in response to changing state variables during tectonic process, and (2) interpret the assemblages of natural disequilibrium samples in terms of tectonic history. A sample was selected from an area of known tectonic history to examine in detail and document the kinetics of reaction. The sample preserves evidence of the garnet granulite to gabbro transition.Orthopyroxene and anorthite coronas around garnet and orthopyroxene rims around clinopyroxene are textural observations suggesting the overall reaction: garnet+clinopyroxene+quartz+plagioclase(matrix) orthopyroxene+ anorthite (corona). The disequilibrium nature of reaction is evident from compositional zoning of garnet, some zoning of clinopyroxene, and difference between corona anorthite (An90) and matrix plagioclase (An35).Several texturally-distinguished microenvironments in a single thin section were investigated to determine how components were redistributed during reaction; T and P are assumed to have been the same throughout. The compositional data are best explained by a partial equilibrium model in which orthopyroxene, garnet rims, Fe-rich clinopyroxene, and a hypothetical intergranular fluid approach equilibrium and are not in equilibrium with reactant garnet cores and matrix plagioclase. Corona texture suggests that intergranular diffusion had some effect but the composition data indicate that it was not rate-limiting. The fact that garnet rim compositions are nearly in equilibrium with product phases (with respect to Mg-Fe partitioning) suggests that diffusion in garnet can be considered a rate-limiting reaction step. Combining the differential equation of zoning for this system with mass and volume balance equations of reaction enables one to predict the density change with time by numerical integration.I conclude that comparison of core compositions of zoned minerals in high-grade rocks is meaningful only if a compositional plateau is preserved that can be proven not to be altered by diffusion. Diffusion in pyroxene is apparently too fast at high grade to make relict pyroxenes useful tracers of metamorphic conditions. The rim composition of zoned phases depends on the relative rate of reaction and internal diffusion; the approach of the rim of a reactant phase to equilibrium with products is a measure of the degree to which intragranular diffusion is rate-limiting. In general, this work supports reaction models that assume that intergranular diffusion is rapid and that interface kinetics or intragranular diffusion are usually rate-limiting factors.Reactions controlled by diffusion in garnet are slow geologically. Tectonic hysteresis can be produced because garnet can form in granulite assemblages more rapidly than it is consumed with changing heat flow. The rate of gabbro-garnet granulite transition depends on whether plagioclase reacts by zoning or separate product grains nucleate. 相似文献
15.
大别山黄土岭麻粒岩锆石和共生矿物的微量元素分析及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对大别山黄土岭麻粒岩中的锆石进行了LA-ICPMS微区微量元素分析.结果表明,黄土岭麻粒岩中锆石的不同区域有不同的微量元素组成,麻粒岩相变质锆石的大多数微量元素含量明显低于岩浆锆石,表明麻粒岩相变质条件下形成的锆石具有较低的微量元素组成.锆石及其共生矿物的微量元素分析结果表明,该麻粒岩中变质锆石Eu负异常是变质锆石形成时长石稳定存在的结果.锆石与石榴子石之间微量元素分配特点表明,变质锆石与石榴子石之间到达了平衡.这些结果表明,该样品的变质锆石形成于麻粒岩相峰期变质阶段,这些变质锆石区域测定的年龄结果对应于麻粒岩相峰期变质作用时间.锆石和共生矿物的微量元素分析对锆石的成因及得到的年龄的解释具有重要的指示意义.锆石与石榴子石之间微量元素的分配特征,不但可以指示锆石与石榴子石之间是否达到平衡,而且可以通过石榴子石这一"桥梁",为锆石的U-Pb年龄提供合理的p-T条件限定. 相似文献
16.
The trace elements characteristics of the migmatitic gneisses (biotite-garnetand hornblende-biotite), granulite facies rocks (charnockitic gneisses) and meta-peridotite in the area of Southwest Obudu Plateau indicate that the area exhibits a high degree of geochemical variability. Compatible trace elements (Ni and Cr) are comparatively high in the granulite facies rocks and meta-peridotite. Ni ranges from 28×10-6 to 266×10-6 whilst Cr ranges from 62×10-6 to 481×10-6 for the granulite facies rocks (charnocki... 相似文献
17.
Roger H. Hewins 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1975,50(3):205-209
Wood-and-Banno temperatures for the coexisting pyroxenes of equilibrated metamorphic rocks in the hornblende granulite subfaoies fall in the range 780–860° C. Minimum temperature estimates for granulites include 760–790 °C, from the dehydration of hornblende to an orthopyroxene assemblage, and about 800 °C, from other evidence. The pyroxene temperatures are generally consistent with these temperature estimates, and are certainly not too low or more than 50 ° too high. Pyroxene temperatures for the three subzones of Broken Hill granulites increase away from the orthopyroxene isograd and are sufficiently precise that the difference between the lowest and intermediate gubzones is statistically significant. Temperatures for pyroxenes in pyroxene-granulite subfacies rocks are greater than 860 °C. The internal consistency, precision and apparent accuracy of the Wood-and-Banno pyroxene geothermometer in the metamorphic temperature range make it an important tool. 相似文献
18.
华南大容山-十万大山花岗岩体中石榴石成因以及麻粒岩包体变质作用研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
根据石榴石不同的结构和化学特征,在大容山-十万大山岩套旧州岩体中共识别出四种不同成因类型的石榴石:岩浆型、转熔型、变质型和由于上升岩浆中溶解-再沉淀机制导致的从转熔型向岩浆型转变的过渡型石榴石.由于含不同的微域矿物组合,麻粒岩包体被分为两类.根据微区矿物组合识别,变质期次确定和变质反应分析,结合矿物化学和相平衡模拟计算,得到了两类麻粒岩包体内不同矿物组合的温压条件.麻粒岩包体源区的温压条件为800 ～ 830℃和7.2～8.0kbar,以含石榴石的矿物组合为代表,反映了源区部分熔融作用的晚期阶段.岩浆上升过程中石榴石或黑云母首先反应形成了Opx+ Crd反应边组合,温压条件为810～860℃和4.6～5.2kbar.花岗岩中岩浆型堇青石的形成也可能基本与此同期.进一步减压在850℃和3.1～3.8kbar时形成了Spl+ Crd组合.综合这些数据可以确定一条顺时针的P-T轨迹以减压为主但伴随轻微的升温,随后为一个近等压冷却过程.这是由寄主花岗质岩浆上升和侵位造成的.本研究与有效的年代学资料相结合,暗示了花岗质岩浆和麻粒岩包体是下地壳源区部分熔融的结果,形成时代为250～ 260Ma,可能受到了同期峨眉山地幔柱的热影响. 相似文献
19.
Hot granulite nappes — Tectonic styles and thermal evolution of the Proterozoic granulite belts in East Africa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Harald Fritz Veronika Tenczer Christoph Hauzenberger Eckart Wallbrecher Sospeter Muhongo 《Tectonophysics》2009,477(3-4):160
A section through the Neoproterozoic Mozambique Belt of Tanzania exposes western foreland (Archaean Tanzania Craton and Palaeoproterozoic Usagaran Belt), marginal (Western Granulites) and eastern, internal (Eastern Granulites) portions of the orogen. The assembly of granulite nappes at ca. 620 Ma displays westward emplacement along an eastward deepening basal decollement and forward propagation of thrusts, climbing from the deep crust to the surface. This goes along with eastward increase of syntectonic temperatures, derived from prevalent deformation mechanisms, and eastward decrease of the kinematic vorticity number. Distinctly different pressure - temperature paths with a branch of isothermal decompression (ITD) in Western Granulites and isobaric cooling (IBC) in Eastern Granulites reflect residence times of rocks within lower crustal levels. Western Granulites, exhumed rapidly at the orogen margin, display ITD and non-coaxial fabrics. Eastern Granulites in the internal orogen portions escaped from rapid exhumation and show IBC and co-axial flow fabrics. The vertical variation of structural elements, i.e. basement — cover relations within the Eastern Granulites, shows decoupling between lower and middle crust with horizontal west — east stretching in the basement and horizontal west — east shortening in the cover.A model of hot fold nappes [Beaumont, C., Nguyen, M.H., Jamieson, R.A., Ellis, S., 2006. Crustal flow modes in large hot orogens. In: Law, R.D., Searle, M.P., Godin, L., (eds). Channel Flow, Ductile Extrusion and Exhumation in Continental Collision Zones. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. vol. 268, 91–145] is adopted to explain flow diversity in the deep crust. The lower crust represented by Eastern Granulite basement flowed coaxially outwards (westward) in response to thickened crust and elevated gravitational forces, supported by a melt-weakened, viscous channel at the crustal base. Horizontal flow with rates faster than thermal equilibration gave rise to isobaric cooling. Simultaneously the mid crust (Eastern Granulite cover) was shortened when hot fold nappes moved along upward climbing thrust planes. Western Granulites preserved isothermal decompression through exhumation by thrusting and coeval erosion at the orogen front.Two different styles define the Neoproterozoic East African Orogen between northern Egypt and southern Mozambique. The Arabian Nubian Shield in the north is classified as small and cold orogen in which thin — skinned thrusting was associated with lateral extrusion. The Central Mozambique Belt in Tanzania/Southern Kenya is classified as large and hot orogen characterized by thick-skinned thrusting and assembly of large granulite nappes. 相似文献