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针对甘肃西和大桥金矿区地层破碎、裂隙发育,漏失、坍塌、卡钻、埋钻等难点,采用金刚石绳索取心钻进工艺和聚丙烯酰胺不分散无固相冲洗液护孔技术,并采用多种堵漏措施,取得了较好的技术效果。总结了该矿区复杂地层钻探施工的经验,并提出今后在复杂地层中钻探施工减少停待及事故时问、提高钻探效率等的建议。 相似文献
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坑道钻孔内涌水给常规小口径取心钻探带来了极大的施工难题。水银洞金矿Ia矿体地下水丰富,坑道钻探施工中,发现孔底岩心可以从孔口冲出。由此提出了坑道涌水钻孔岩心上升系数ξ,其物理意义是岩心在孔底水压和浮力的作用下,克服重力以及与钻杆内壁摩擦力而自动上升的能力,并结合钻孔实际参数,讨论了ξ的实践意义。当ξ≥1时,理论上孔底岩心可以随孔内涌出水从孔内冲出;当ξ＜1时,孔底岩心则不能被冲出,只能依靠起大钻取出。通过计算矿层的岩心上升系数,结合实际地层的完整性情况,可以帮助钻探人员控制合适的进尺后割心,使ξ≥1,从而让钻孔内岩心自动从孔底排出。岩心上升系数,可以为提高地表和坑道高压涌水钻孔钻进效率提供理论指导,具有一定的实践意义。 相似文献
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重点介绍了福建马坑矿区复杂地层钻探技术难点、采取的有效取心方法及护壁堵漏措施。总结了一套针对马坑矿区的钻探技术工艺,形成了具有实际参考价值的矿区施工方案,对该矿区以后的施工具有技术指导意义。 相似文献
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小秦岭北矿带上部覆盖层为第四系沉积物,其厚度700～950 m,钻探施工中经常出现卡钻、埋钻、塌孔等恶性事故,甚至造成钻孔报废,严重制约钻探效率,造成钻探成本过高。针对这些技术难点开展技术分析和研究,通过优化钻孔结构,采用适宜该矿区厚覆盖层的绳索取心钻进方法,合理选择护壁性能好的冲洗液等技术措施解决了厚覆盖层钻进难题,提高了钻探施工效率和质量,降低了工程成本。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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环境和灾害是威胁人类生存的两大挑战性问题。由人类活动导致的自然环境破坏和恶化是一个长期累积的过程,类似于人体所患的慢性疾病,对其认识和解决不仅依靠多种条件,也需要很长时间的持久努力。自然灾害的发生一般是短时间内的突然事件,类似人体的急性疾病。为最大限度地减轻自然灾害给人类社会造成的损失,需要实施事先预防、灾前预警、灾时应急和灾后重建的系统工程,其中地球科学家的责任之一是找出有效的宣传演练,使社会各界充分认识灾害的危险性,做好必要的防灾准备。最近20 a来中国的减灾实践经验还说明,为进一步提高减灾的效益,要用科学观念指导各领域的减灾工作,在国家一级层次上要实行多部门协调、多学科合作的综合管理,并注重对灾害发生的规律性研究。例如对群发性灾害链过程及其潜在影响的估计,这对制定区域性可持续发展规划具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters. 相似文献
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古昌蛇绿岩中的斜长花岗岩特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
古昌蛇绿岩中首次发现斜长花岗岩。斜长花岗岩的地质特征和岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征反映出异常洋脊花岗岩的属性,岩浆源自地幔,与古昌蛇绿岩中的变质橄榄岩、基性岩墙、基性熔岩的岩浆同源,是基性—超基性岩浆分异的残余,应属古昌蛇绿岩中的浅色岩组分,是蛇绿岩的端元岩石。 相似文献
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环境地球化学学科在中国生态文明和美丽中国建设、国际环境公约履约及过去全球变化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用。本文简要回顾了中国过去十年在环境地球化学领域的部分研究进展,介绍了汞、持久性有机污染物和其他重金属污染物长距离传输研究进展;总结了汞、镉、锑、铊等非传统稳定同位素在地表生物地球化学循环过程中的同位素分馏规律及污染来源和环境过程示踪方面的研究进展;回顾了传统稳定同位素地球化学与污染示踪及过去全球变化方面的研究进展。指出了以上研究方向还存在的问题及未来研究方向。 相似文献