共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
L. L. Kitchatinov 《Astronomy Reports》2006,50(6):512-516
Global meridional flows in stars transport angular momentum, thus giving rise to nonuniform rotation. The pattern of differential rotation associated with slow meridional circulation depends on the direction of this circulation. A flow directed from the poles to the equator at the surface and from the equator to the poles in deep layers results in relatively fast rotation of the equatorial zone. If the circulation is directed oppositely, the angular velocity increases from the equator to the poles. Relatively fast rotation at the poles may also result from fast circulation, irrespective of its direction. A simple illustrative explanation is given here to these results. Analytical estimates are supported by numerical calculations. The time variations in the meridional flow observed on the Sun should contribute to torsional oscillations. 相似文献
2.
应用热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料,分析探讨了西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷暖异常信号的变化规律,揭示了影响西太平洋暖池区次表层海温冷变异常的信号通道。分析表明,西太平洋暖池区的次表层海温异常变冷与太平洋北赤道流的海温冷异常信号西传有重要关系。北赤道流的海温异常冷(暖)信号是沿温跃层由赤道中东太平洋潜沉向西太平洋暖池区传播,与西太平洋次表层海温异常(冷)暖信号向赤道中东太平洋传播构成了热带海洋信号的气旋式"环流通道"。在这一"环流通道"中,北赤道流的海温异常信号西传是导致西太平洋暖池区及西太平洋次表层海温异常的重要机制,是影响厄尔尼诺(ElNino)和拉尼娜(LaNina)事件发生的关键。 相似文献
3.
文章分析了华南6月降水的时间演变特征,指出华南6月降水有很明显2年、4年、9年和30年左右的周期.并对引起降水异常的大气环流条件进行r研究.华南6月降水与华南沿海低空西南气流有显著正相关.西南气流偏强时,有利于华南气旋性气流辐合加强.加强的索马里跨赤道气流引起西南季风加强.而西太平洋副热带高压的强度和东西位置决定了其北... 相似文献
4.
Anshu Prakash Mishra A. C. Pandey S. Rai 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2010,76(5):468-478
In this article, the authors examine Sea surface temperature (SST), Sea surface circulation (SSC) and Vertical velocity (VV) fields from simulation of 25 layers coarse resolution Modular ocean model (MOM version 3.0) with prescribed wind forcing for the region 74.25°S to 65°N, 180°W-180°E. It is found that distribution of SST simulated by the model shows its consistency with the observed climatology. However, simulated SST in the areas of Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) region and east of North America near equator exhibit slight warming with respect to observation, which may be due to model deficiency and forcing problems. Circulation features suggest that one of the strongest current viz. Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC) along with other major current systems viz. Gulf stream current, North and South Pacific current, Agulhas current, Labrador current, Canary current, etc are captured well by the model. In the Indian Ocean and other ocean basins, current patterns are well captured by the model simulation. Intense upwelling as well as downwelling areas is marked in the horizontal distribution of VV, which is as expected. VV show quasi-stagnant and convergent regions suggesting that floating materials may be accumulated during January/July in the real ocean and wind driven circulation may act as an important contribution for such transport of floating materials in these regions. An attempt has also been made to understand the fluctuations of the SST in NINO 3.4 region during the period of model simulation using SST anomalies. 相似文献
5.
通过对热带太平洋上层XBT温度资料分析,探讨了对厄尔尼诺(El Nino)事件发生起重要作用的西太平洋暖池区次表层海温变暖异常的变化规律,揭示了影响西太平洋暖池区次表层海温变暖异常的形成机制.分析表明:西太平洋暖池区的次表层海温异常变暖与赤道太平洋的北赤道流(10°N)的海温异常存在密切关系.在El Nino事件发生的前期,位于赤道中东太平洋的异常暖水沿北赤道流温跃层潜沉向西太平洋暖池区输送,在西太平洋暖池堆积并向赤道西太平洋扩展,当异常暖水达到一定强度,并在大气的强迫下,异常暖水沿温跃层东传至赤道中东太平洋并上浮于海面,最终导致El Nino事件的爆发.北赤道流的异常海温西传是导致西太平洋暖池区次表层海温异常的重要机制,是导致El Nino事件发生的关键. 相似文献
6.
Detailed estimates of economy-wide disaster losses provide important inputs for disaster risk management. The most common models used to estimate losses are input–output (IO) and computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. A key strength of these models is their ability to capture the ripple effects, whereby the impacts of a disaster are transmitted to regions and sectors that are not directly affected by the event. One important transmission channel is household migration. Changes in the spatial distribution of people are likely to have substantial impacts on local labour and housing markets. In this paper, we argue that IO and CGE models suffer from limitations in representing household migration under disaster risk. We suggest combining IO and CGE models with agent-based models to improve the representation of migration in disaster impact analysis. 相似文献
7.
南海海洋环流研究综述 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
综述了近二十年来南海海洋环流的主要研究成果，指出太阳辐射、季风和地形是影响南海环流的主要因素；提出了南海环流研究中应特别注意的几个关键问题，即南海环流的平均状态、南海暖流、南海中的局地涡旋、南海暖池、黑潮与南海水的交换、地形对南海环流的作用以及南海水温变化与ENSO的关系等；最后就目前研究中存在的困难提出了相应的对策。 相似文献
8.
众多研究表明黄河源区受气候变化影响,土壤活动层逐渐下降。土壤温、湿度是陆面过程及地球系统中的重要物理量,它们通过影响地表能量和物质交换而影响大气环流和降水等。利用WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式,选取2个典型年分别设计了2个控制试验和2个敏感性试验来探讨土壤初始状况变化对区域水循环的影响,通过再循环降水率定量描述不同气候背景下陆面对黄河源区水循环的影响,并尝试从环流角度进一步分析土壤初始状况改变对源区水循环影响的物理机制。结果表明：陆面对水循环的影响受大尺度环流背景场影响较大,较弱的环流背景下再循环降水率较强环流背景大5%左右。土壤初始状况对水循环要素有一定程度的影响。土壤初始温度升高/降低,水汽通量增多/减少,后期降水增大/减小。不同环流背景下,土壤记忆时间不同,在弱的环流背景下,土壤记忆时间要长,初始状况扰动可持续1～2个月。 相似文献
9.
Latitude-time (butterfly) diagrams of the large-scale solar magnetic field differ appreciably from the butterfly diagrams
for sunspots. Tilted features corresponding to waves propagating from the middle latitudes to the equator are virtually absent
from the diagrams for the large-scale magnetic field. The latitude-time diagram of the 22-year solar cycle based on data for
the large-scale surface field appears as a checkerboard pattern rather than a traveling wave. Solutions describing similar
behavior for the poloidal magnetic field are found for Parker’s solar-dynamo equations. These solutions agree with observations
especially well if meridional circulation is added to the two sources generating the magnetic-field in this dynamo-differential
rotation and mirror-asymmetric convection. 相似文献
10.
随着气举反循环钻进技术及配套设备的不断发展和完善,其应用日益广泛,用于煤矿勘探开发领域时,确定合理的工艺参数十分关键。基于气举反循环钻进双壁钻具系统结构特点,依据牛顿第二定律求解出气举反循环钻进中岩屑被举升排出的临界速度模型,然后根据能量守恒定律,考虑压缩气体的沿程损失和局部阻力损失,建立了气举反循环钻进的启动风压模型。用Matlab对模型进行计算,分析发现井深、气液混合器的下入深度、沉没比和钻井液密度都对启动风压有影响。计算结果为确定合理的启动风压奠定了基础,为空压机的合理选配提供了依据,对保证良好的钻进效果具有重要意义。 相似文献
11.
Mahfoud Benaissa M. C. Berguig V. Doumbia S. Bouraoui 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(15):329
The equatorial electrojet (EEJ) is an intense daytime ionospheric current that circulates eastward along the geomagnetic dip equator. In this work, the EEJ current intensity was studied from ground-based magnetic data and CHAllenging Minisatellite Playoad (CHAMP) satellite observations. The ground-based magnetic data were recorded along a meridian chain of three stations across the dip equator in West Africa. These stations were operated by the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP). For the CHAMP satellite data, vector magnetometer records during geomagnetically quiet periods with Kp?≤?2 were used. To estimate the EEJ current intensity, we have first isolated its magnetic effect from CHAMP satellite observations for 10 years (from July 2000 to September 2010). The results were used to analyze the EEJ seasonal variability and the local time and longitude dependence. In addition, a comparison between ground-based and satellite observations of the EEJ current intensity was made. A good correlation was found between satellite and ground-based EEJ current intensity, with an average correlation coefficient of r 2 ~0.93. This performed correlation show that the technique used in this study can be extended to all ground magnetic stations for modeling the EEJ phenomena. 相似文献
12.
Electrical conductivity structure of the Earth’s deep interior has been successfully mapped out down to approximately 1500 km around the geomagnetic dip equatorial regions of Africa using solar quiet-day ionospheric currents. Spherical harmonic analysis (SHA) was employed in separating the internal and external field contributions to the solar quiet variations. Transfer function was used for each of the external and internal pairs to compute the conductivity-depth profile for the region. Calculated average electrical conductivity values were evidently higher than obtained in other parts of the world farther away from the geomagnetic equator. Sq current vortex foci are observed very close to the geomagnetic equator. Depth of penetration was greatly enhanced. Stations on latitudes less than 1° from the geomagnetic equator show higher electrical conductivity when compared with that situated more than 4° away from it at various corresponding depths. Evidence of discontinuities in the earth layers were also noted at some depths. Highly conductive layers were delineated around 400 km depth and beyond 1200 km. 相似文献
13.
It is shown that the centroid of the heliospheric equator undergoes quasi-periodic oscillations. During the minimum of the 11-year cycle, the centroid shifts southwards (the so-called bashful-ballerina effect). The direction of the shift reverses during the solar maximum. The solar quadrupole is responsible for this effect. The shift is compared with the tilt of the heliospheric current sheet. 相似文献
14.
C M Kishtawal P K Pal M S Narayanan S K Manna O P Sharma Sangeeta Agarwal H C Upadhyaya 《Journal of Earth System Science》1993,102(4):507-519
The impact of moisture anomalies on the circulation of the south-west Indian monsoon has been studied with a general circulation model. Newtonian relaxation is adopted to subject the model atmosphere under sustained moisture anomalies. The impact of negative anomalies of moisture was seen as a divergent circulation anomaly, while the positive anomaly was a stronger convergent anomaly. Although the humidity fields display a resilient behaviour, and relax back to normal patterns 1–2 days after the forcing terms in humidity are withdrawn, the circulation anomalies created by the moisture variation keeps growing. A feedback between positive moisture anomalies and low level convergence exists, which is terminated in the absence of external forcings. 相似文献
15.
A tidally-induced frontal system regularly develops in a small area off Newport News Point in the lower James River, one of the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay. In conjunction with the front, a strong counter-clockwise eddy develops on the shoals flanking the northern side of the channel as the result of tidal interaction with the local bathymetry and estuarine stratification. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to simulate the eddy evolution and front development, and to investigate time-varying circulation and material transport over a spring-neap tidal cycle. The model results show that variation of tidal range, together with periodic stratification-destratification of the estuary, has a significant impact on the residual circulation of the lower James River. The net surface water circulation, which takes the form of a counterclockwise eddy on the Hampton Flats, is stronger during neap tide than during spring tide. Strong stratification and weak flood current during neap tide results in a dominant ebb flow at the surface, which delays flooding within the channel and advances the phase lead of flood tide on shoals adjacent to the channel, thus increasing both period and intensity of the eddy. Front development in the area off Newport News Point provides a linkage between shoal surface water and channel bottom water, producing a strong net upriver bottom transport. The existence of the vertical transport mechanism was independently demonstrated through tracer experiments. The impact of the dynamics on larval dispersion was investigated through a series of model simulations of the movement of shellfish larvae over multiple tidal cycles following their release at selected bottom sites. These results show that eddy-induced horizontal circulation and vertical transport associated with the frontal system are important mechanisms for the retention of larval organisms in the James River. 相似文献
16.
SOHO-MDI daily magnetic field synoptic data (a 14-year series of daily maps of the solar magnetic field intensity B available at the site ) have been used to analyze the dynamics of the photospheric magnetic field in the vicinity of the solar equator. The standard
deviation s
B
of the field B calculated over areas of tens of square degrees on the solar disk was taken as a basic index. An 11-year variation similar
to that observed at higher latitudes is observed in the vicinity of the equator, and is similar for weak and strong fields;
i.e., the solar cycle exists in the sunspot-free zone. New qualitative data support the idea that the weak background magnetic
field increases toward the solar limb. This angular dependence suggests the existence of a transverse component of the background
field. The magnetic fields in the vicinity of the equator were significantly different in the initial phases of Cycles 23
and 24. Annual variations of s
B
were observed near the center of the solar disk. These variations are due to two factors: the annual variation of the distance
from the equator to the disk center and the increase of s
B
with with distance from the equator. Reliable detection of these variations is an evidence of high accuracy of the s
B
estimates. 相似文献
17.
潮汐变化引起的大气圈、海洋圈和岩石圈差异旋转的计算结果显示:地球扁率变大时,赤道面的高速气流和洋流产生与地球自转方向相反的由东向西运动,类似赤道东风带;地球扁率变小时,大气和海洋赤道突起减小并向两极流动,在南北纬35°线以上的中高纬度地区,形成两极突起,该计算结果与全球风带分布完全符合。综合分析表明,太阳在赤道面时,赤道东风加强,海洋南北赤道暖流加强;太阳在南北回归线时,西风带加强。日、地、月在同一直线上时将增强这一效应。日月大潮引起的大气、海洋和固体地球的差异旋转是日食多次发生在赤道引发拉尼娜事件产生的动力学机制。 相似文献
18.
二叠纪—三叠纪古气候研究进展——泛大陆巨型季风气候:形成、发展与衰退 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
巨型季风是指二叠纪—三叠纪期间泛大陆上存在的强烈季节风,它的形成与泛大陆的形状、海陆分布及大陆的纬向分布密切相关。从晚石炭世泛大陆的聚合至晚侏罗世—早白垩世泛大陆裂解,巨型季风经历了形成、发展到衰退的过程。在三叠纪,泛大陆很大且几乎关于赤道对称,巨型季风达到最大强度。它对古气候、古环境、古生物及沉积等都产生了深刻的影响,使泛大陆低纬度地区呈现出干旱和潮湿交替的气候特征,蒸发岩和红层广泛分布;高纬度地区温暖潮湿,煤层大量分布;科罗拉多高原(美国西部)、西特提斯(欧洲)和东特提斯(中国)等地的二叠纪—三叠纪沉积地层也显示了受巨型季风影响的特征。 相似文献
19.
缺氧条件是形成和保存优质烃源岩的重要条件。古氧相的研究对查明海相优质烃源岩时空分布、恢复地史时期古环境演化具有重要意义。泥盆纪时期,南华海受陆内裂陷作用影响,形成台地(滨岸台地和孤立台地)与台沟间列的盆地格局。不同的控制因素控制了古氧相的类型。在台沟和钦防裂陷海槽中,海水分层控制了泥盆纪的古氧相类型和变化。台沟和钦防裂陷海槽以厌氧相与准厌氧相为主。在台地相区,海平面变化控制了古氧相的类型和分布。台地相区的古氧相主要是常氧相和贫氧相。南华海中、晚泥盆世硅质沉积、磷质沉积发育,有机质丰富,形成了有机质-硅质-磷质沉积三位一体的特征,指示上升流作用明显。南华海地区泥盆纪位于赤道附近的信风带,向西的表面洋流越过南华海在西部形成离岸流,海底海水向东补充形成上升的底流,也说明了泥盆纪南华海上升流存在的可能性。 相似文献
20.
ENSO-7赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的循环 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
近几年的一系列分析研究表明，ENSO与异常东亚冬季风之间有相互影响，持续的强（弱）东亚冬季风通过引起赤道西太平洋地区的西（东）风异常对El Niño/La Niña的发生起着重要作用；赤道太平洋次表层海温异常（SOTA）的年际变化（循环）与ENSO发生有密切关系；ENSO的真正源在西太平洋暖池，暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道温跃层东传到东太平洋，便导致El Niño/La Niña的爆发；在暖池正（负）SOTA沿赤道东传的同时，有负（正）SOTA沿10°N和10°S纬度带向西传播，从而构成SOTA的循环；热带太平洋SOTA循环的驱动者是赤道西太平洋的异常纬向风。进而可以认为：ENSO实质上是主要由异常东亚季风引起的赤道西太平洋异常纬向风所驱动的热带太平洋次表层海温距平的年际循环。 相似文献