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1.
介绍了雷蒙磨粉机原理。采用雷蒙磨粉机,对不同含量铜镍铂(族)矿石标准样品加工至粒度小于0.074mm。选择合适的磨球和样品质量比,球磨机磨-混24~72h。样品经粒度筛分试验、均匀度及稳定性检验,证明其中被检验元素分布均匀。  相似文献   

2.
湖泊沉积物粒度多组分特征及其成因机制研究   总被引:26,自引:4,他引:22       下载免费PDF全文
利用高分辨率激光粒度仪MS2000对安固里淖、三台河以及长江等多个地点湖泊和河流沉积物样品细粒部分的粒度多组分分布特征进行了系统、深入研究。总结了其粒度分布特征及组分间差异并讨论了其成因机制。研究认为:1)湖泊沉积物粒度一般由多个组分叠加构成,表现为多组分粒度分布特征,其受控于水动力强度和搬运方式等因素。2)粒度分布最多可有6个组分(中值粒径范围分别为①<1μm,②2~10μm,③10~70μm,④70~>150μm,⑤150~700μm,⑥>700μm),其中前4个组分属悬浮组分(③组分是流域内风成作用强弱的判别标志),⑤为跳跃组分,⑥为滚动组分,整体分选性差。3)据粒度分布特征可分为湖滨、过渡和湖心三相,三相间粒度分布特征有明显差异,同时又存在此消彼长的良好过渡关系。湖滨相以④组分为优势组分,该组分含量越高,指示沉积物越靠近湖滨;过渡相④组分含量随距湖心距离靠近而减小,但②组分含量却在逐渐增加;湖心相以②组分占主导优势,该组分含量越高,指示沉积物越靠近湖心。4)湖相沉积物受湖滨拍岸浪和湖心波浪的影响而产生了明显的粒度分异规律。  相似文献   

3.
通过对长江口、杭州湾、舟山海域及东海陆架4个海区表层沉积物样品的粒度敏感组分分析,发现东海陆架与长江口具有相似的三级组分物质组成,杭州湾与舟山海域具有相似的两级组分物质组成.综合4个区域粒级组分分布特征,采用湿分法将4个海域表层沉积物样品分成6个粒级:<0.004 mm,0.004~0.025 mm,0.025~0.063 mm,0.063~0.125 mm,0.125~0.250 mm和>0.250 mm,分别提取各级组分和全样进行有机碳及同位素测试.定量分析各级组分有机碳含量、来源及物质组分,除杭州湾海域粗粒级外,基本上<0.004 mm的粘土组分有机碳含量最高;富集在杭州湾海域粗颗粒中的有机质主要来源于陆源植物碎屑.沉积物颗粒大小、物质组成类型是不同粒级有机质富集的主要控制因素.  相似文献   

4.
以昌平区钻孔岩芯为例,分析沉积物粒级组分与磁化率大小变化的相关性。从厚约150 m的剖面选取590多个样品,分别测试从0.5~500 μm各个粒度区间颗粒的百分含量和磁化率。通过计算它们之间的相关关系,认为湖相沉积物磁化率的变化与0.5~30 μm间细粒物质的含量,特别是与0.5~10 μm区间悬浮物质的含量反相关,而与65~500 μm间较粗粒物质的含量正相关。这种相关性与黄土沉积刚好相反,反映了二者之间磁化率不同的变化机制, 蕴涵着一定的古气候信息。  相似文献   

5.
泥河湾盆地沉积物粒度组分与磁化率变化相关性研究   总被引:25,自引:6,他引:25  
杨小强  李华梅 《沉积学报》2002,20(4):675-679
以泥河湾盆地郝家台剖面为例,分析沉积物粒级组分与磁化率大小变化的相关性。从厚约 12 2m的剖面选取 80 0多个样品,分别测试从 0.2~ 5 0 0 μm各个粒度区间颗粒的百分含量和质量磁化率。通过计算它们之间的相关关系,认为湖相沉积物磁化率的变化与 0.2~ 35 μm间细粒物质的含量,特别是与 0.2~ 7.5 μm区间悬浮物质的含量反相关,而与 35~ 5 0 0 μm间较粗粒物质的含量正相关。这种相关性与顶部的黄土堆积刚好相反,反映了二者之间磁化率不同的变化机制。据此可认为以外源碎屑输入为主的湖泊中,沉积物磁化率的变化主要受控于外源铁磁性矿物,它反映了湖水面的升降,蕴涵着一定的古气候信息。  相似文献   

6.
对苏北盆地XH 1#钻孔沉积物磁化率与粒度组分的相关性进行了研究,研究结果表明,此钻孔沉积物磁化率与粒度组分的相关性在不同深度段内有着不同的表现:在350~247 m深度段内,磁化率大小与中值粒径大小表现为负相关、与4~12Φ各粒级组分百分含量表现为正相关;在234~0 m深度段内,磁化率大小与中值粒径大小表现为正相关,与1~3Φ粒级组分百分含量表现为密切的正相关;247~234 m深度段是上述两种相关性变化的一个过渡阶段。环境磁学实验结果也揭示出在上下两个深度段内磁性矿物组成上也存在差异。这种不同深度段内磁化率与粒度组分相关性上的大的变化,以及磁性矿物组成上的差异共同揭示出,在深度247~234 m这段沉积物的沉积过程中,苏北盆地内可能发生了一次重大的事件,正是这次重大事件的发生导致了碎屑沉积物来源的改变,出现了上下两部分磁化率大小与粒度组分相关性上的差异。  相似文献   

7.
珠江广州河段重污染沉积物中多环芳烃赋存状态初步研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
对珠江广州河段重污染沉积物进行粒度分级 (>500 μm、500~ 220 μm、220~ 63 μm、63~ 22 μm和 < 22 μm),每个粒级的样品进行重液分离,收集轻组分 (有机质 )和重组分 (主要为无机矿物及无定型有机质 ).在显微镜下对沉积物中不同粒径轻重组分的吸附剂进行鉴定,对其中的多环芳烃进行定量分析,结果表明,白鹅潭样品中有机质占总质量的 9.10%,富集了 81.55%的多环芳烃,无机矿物和无定型有机质占 90.92%,富集了 18.45%的多环芳烃;黄埔样品中有机质占总质量的 8.95%,富集了 56.50%的多环芳烃,无机矿物和无定型有机质占 91.15%,富集了 43.50%的多环芳烃.轻组分中的有机吸附剂对多环芳烃的富集能力比重组分无机矿物和无定型有机质高 1~ 2个数量级,轻组分有机吸附剂中焦碳和碳黑富集能力较高,植物碎屑较低.总有机碳和碳黑的含量与多环芳烃的富集能力没有明显的相关性.  相似文献   

8.
济南市某废弃化工厂区域土壤地球化学特征研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
随着我国城市产业布局升级,高污染、高能耗的化工企业被关停或搬离,研究这些企业遗留地块土壤的地球化学特征对污染场地风险管控具有重要的现实意义。本文在济南市某废弃化工厂原厂区采集了100件土壤样品,测试SiO_2、Al_2O_3、CaO、Fe_2O_3、K_2O、MgO、Na_2O、As、Ba、Br、Ce、Cl、Co、Cu、Ga、Hf、La、Mn、Nb、Nd、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、S、Sc、Sr、Th、Ti、V、Y、Zn、Zr、Cr、Cr(Ⅵ)、铬形态、pH值、有机质等42项指标,研究厂区土壤中元素的地球化学特征。结果表明:研究区土壤中的总铬量在1025~2450 mg/kg,Cr(Ⅵ)含量在557.0~996.5 mg/kg,Cr(Ⅵ)含量占总铬量的46.77%。在0~80 cm深度内,总铬、Cr(Ⅵ)含量随深度的变化并不明显。随着深度增加,离子交换态铬占总铬的比例有逐渐降低的趋势,而残渣态铬占总铬的比例增大。土壤的总铬含量与pH值呈线性负相关,相关系数为-0.8470,而Cr(Ⅵ)与有机质、pH值相关性均不显著。聚类分析发现Cr元素的来源单独成为一类,主要为化工厂长期堆放大量铬渣引起的人为污染所致,其他组分与全国土壤、黄淮海平原土壤则有着相似的自然源。  相似文献   

9.
基于野外调查与室内分析,应用图解法和矩值法,分别对金沙江上游雪隆囊古滑坡堰塞湖溃坝堆积物的50个样品的粒度参数进行定量计算,并对两种方法所得结果进行对比研究。结果表明:溃坝堆积物的上、中、下游三个区段的两种计算结果的平均粒径具有高度相关性,相关系数分别为0948、0994、0991,分选性相关系数分别为0824、0959、0901,表明两种方法得到的平均粒径基本相等,可以互相代替;标准偏差(分选系数)除上游区段存在较大偏差外,其它两区段分选系数基本相等,可以相互替代。整个溃坝堆积物粒度的偏态和峰态较离散,相关性较差。针对溃坝型沉积物,建议优先选用矩值法计算粒度参数,该方法能全面涵盖样品信息,反映整个沉积过程中水动力条件的变化。该研究结果与其它类型沉积物研究结果产生差异的主要原因是粒度组分分布情况、沉积动力条件及沉积环境不同。  相似文献   

10.
在科尔沁沙地采集沙地表土样品16组,松嫩平原杜蒙沙地样品15组,同期还收集了城市道路表土样品10组,对各组样品进行粒度分级(全样、> 63 μm、63 ~ 30 μm、30 ~ 11 μm和<11 μm),分别测定碳酸盐含量和碳同位素组成.结果显示,不同区域不同性质样品各粒级组分碳酸盐含量的变化幅度不同,科尔沁沙地最小(0.8%),其次为杜蒙沙地(1.9%),道路表土最大(2.7%).大部分杜蒙沙地样品(66.7%)和小部分科尔沁沙地样品(37.5%)以及全部道路表土样品的碳酸盐含量随粒度变细而增大,且变化模式各不相同.碳酸盐含量随粒度变细而增高是非匀速的,先是增幅较大(> 63 μm-→63 ~ 30μm→30~ 11 μm),后增幅较小(30~11μm→<11μm).沙地样品碳酸盐含量与粒度的关系并不限于随粒度变细而增大这一种,风成砂和经历过强烈成壤作用改造的沙地样品中的碳酸盐含量与粒度的关系皆表现为随粒度变细而减小,沉积物中碳酸盐含量随粒径变细而增高是否是一种普遍规律还需要更多区域的更多样品来检验.大部分沙地样品和道路表土样品不同粒级组分的碳酸盐δ13C值变化范围较小(<1.8‰),并表现出随粒度变细而趋于偏正的特征,但变化幅度很小.杜蒙沙地和科尔沁沙地碳酸盐含量的地区差异性极不明显,且各粒级组分碳酸盐含量的变化幅度大大超过了杜蒙沙地与科尔沁沙地的碳酸盐差异值,不能作为区分杜蒙沙地和科尔沁沙地风尘源区的示踪指标;而科尔沁沙地和杜蒙沙地碳酸盐δ13C组成存在明显差异(在63 ~ 30 μm粒级组分表现最为明显),且不同粒级组分碳酸盐δ13C值差别较小,说明它是一个比碳酸盐含量更好的风尘源区示踪指标,但是不同粒级组分碳酸盐δ13C组成的差异会随离中国西部沙漠沙地风尘源区距离的加大或者风尘物质成壤作用的增强而变大,增加其风尘源区示踪的复杂性.  相似文献   

11.
湘东南锡田辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
湘东南锡田是近年来新发现的一个具有大型规模的钨锡多金属矿田,该矿田位于湘赣边界,南岭成矿带与钦杭成矿带的交汇部位,扬子地块与华夏地块的拼合带。目前对于矿体与成矿岩体之间的关系以及矿体形成时代的问题尚存争议,钨锡矿化究竟是与印支期还是与燕山期花岗岩有关,矿田中众多矿体是否同期形成,这些问题仍待进一步确定。本文选取了两个矿床,即山田云英岩-石英脉型锡多金属矿床和桐木山破碎带蚀变岩型锡多金属矿床,分别对来自这两个矿床的辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素定年,获得的ReOs模式年龄分别为(158.9±2.2)Ma(2SD)和(160.2±3.2)Ma(2SD),表明这两个矿床形成于晚侏罗世早期。高精度的云母Ar-Ar和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄数据表明锡田钨锡多金属矿田的垄上、荷树下、山田、桐木山矿床均形成于150~160 Ma,即南岭与花岗岩有关钨锡多金属矿大规模成矿作用的高峰期。上述两个辉钼矿样品的铼含量分别为12.44×10-6和2.367×10-6,指示成矿物质分别为壳-幔混合来源和地壳来源,为准确认识该矿田的成矿物质来源提供了进一步的制约。本文还对南岭地区晚侏罗世与花岗岩有关的钨锡多金属矿中90个辉钼矿的铼含量数据进行了统计,结果表明钨锡多金属矿的成矿物质绝大多数为地壳来源,少数为壳-幔混合来源。  相似文献   

12.
建立了高温燃烧水解-离子色谱测定植物样品中不同含量范围氟的分析方法,色谱条件为Dionex IonPacAS18分离柱(4 mm×250 mm),Dionex IonPac AG18保护柱(4 mm×50 mm),ASRS ULTRAⅡ自动再生微膜抑制器,电导检测器。采用纯水作为吸收介质,使样品溶液与标准溶液基体一致,过滤后可直接测定。样品溶液中常见的Cl-、NO3-、SO24-、PO43-、CO23-、HCO3-等阴离子不干扰F-的测定。为消除样品热解过程中产生的乙酸干扰,对氟含量较高(xx~xxxμg/g)的样品,采用20 mmol/L的NaOH淋洗液等度淋洗,进样体积为25μL;对氟含量较低的样品(0.x~xμg/g),进样体积为100μL。方法具有较宽的线性范围和较好的稳定性,检出限为0.5 mg/kg,适用于痕量分析;应用于灌木枝叶和茶叶等4个氟含量较高(xx~xxxμg/g)的植物标准物质的测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)<6%(n=6);应用于低氟的小麦粉和大米粉样品测定,加标回收率为90%~110%,可以满足不同氟含量植物样品中氟测定的需要,具有自动化程度高、操作简单、对环境友好等特点。  相似文献   

13.
陶永和 《云南地质》2005,24(2):151-166
深入研究云南、中国及世界各地磷矿石物质成分基础上,揭示中外工业磷矿石化学组分与矿物化学组成的对应关系,建立工业磷矿石中主要化学组分含量之间函数定量数学模型。文中列举大量典型实例,可广泛应用于不同成因、产地的工业磷矿石化学组分分析、测试与预测,为磷矿石物质成分与质量研究构架一条快捷通道。  相似文献   

14.
提高地气探测灵敏度的方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在广东长排铀矿勘查区,针对矿体品位低、矿体小、埋深大等特点,改进了动态地气测量方法.采样时,通过双捕集器串联,在不延长采样时间的情况下使地气采样量提高了约50%;在进行ICP-MS分析前,对地气样品进行浓缩处理,可以将样品中的元素浓度增加3~11倍,该方法使地气中低浓度元素更易于检出,并有效降低了分析误差.实验结果证明,改进后的动态地气测量方法可以明显提高探测灵敏度,进而提高找矿效果.  相似文献   

15.
目前有关硝化反应动力学及其共代谢降解有机污染物的研究多为实验室微生物纯培养体系,来源于野外环境样品的很少.以受污染湖泊严家湖1号塘沉积物为研究对象,野外钻探采样,并选取不同深度沉积物进行室内外加氮源的硝化实验.结果表明:表层土和钻井一处50~100 cm沉积物发生明显的硝化反应,同时有机污染物中六氯苯含量降低最多,分别...  相似文献   

16.
On the basis of a representative collection of ultramafic rocks and chromite ores and a series of technological samples from the largest (Central and Western) deposits in the Rai-Iz massif of the Polar Urals and the Almaz-Zhemchuzhina and Poiskovy deposits in the Kempirsai massif of the southern Urals, the distribution and speciation of platinum-group elements (PGE) in various type sections of mafic-ultramafic massifs of the Main ophiolite belt of the Urals have been studied. Spectral-chemical and spectrophotometric analyses were carried out to estimate PGE in 700 samples of ultramafic rocks and chromite ores; 400 analyses of minerals from rocks, ores, and concentrates and 100 analyses of PGE minerals (PGM) in chromite ores and concentrates were performed using an electron microprobe. Near-chondritic and nonchondritic PGE patterns in chromitebearing sections have been identified. PGE mineralization has been established to occur in chromite ore from all parts of the mafic-ultramafic massifs in the Main ophiolite belt of the Urals. The PGE deposits and occurrences discovered therein are attributed to four types (Kraka, Kempirsai, Nurali-Upper Neiva, and Shandasha), which are different in mode of geological occurrence, geochemical specialization, and placer-forming capability. Fluid-bearing minerals of the pargasite-edenite series have been identified for the first time in the matrix of chromite ore of the Kempirsai massif (the Almaz-Zhemchuzhina deposit) and Voikar-Syn’ya massif (the Kershor deposit). The PGE grade in various types of chromite ore ranges from 0.1–0.2 to 1–2 g/t or higher. According to technological sampling, the average PGE grade in the largest deposits of the southeastern ore field of the Kempirsai massif is 0.5–0.7 g/t. Due to the occurrence of most PGE as PGM 10–100 mm in size and the proved feasibility of their recovery into nickel alloys, chromites of the Kempirsai massif can be considered a complex ore with elevated and locally high Os, Ir, and Ru contents. The Nurali-Upper Neiva type of ore is characterized by small-sized primary deposits, which nevertheless are the main source of large Os-Ir placers in the Miass and Nev’yansk districts of the southern and central Urals, respectively.  相似文献   

17.
All the indium-rich deposits with indium contents in ores more than 100×10- 6 seems to be of cassiterite-sulfide deposits or Sn-bearing Pb-Zn deposits, e.g., in the Dachang Sn deposit in Guangxi, the Dulong Sn-Zn deposit in Yunnan, and the Meng'entaolegai Ag-Pb-Zn deposit in Inner Mongolia, the indium contents in ores range from 98×10-6 to 236×10-6 and show a good positive correlation with contents of zinc and tin, and their correlation coefficients are 0.8781 and 0.7430, respectively. The indium contents from such Sn-poor deposits as the Fozichong Pb-Zn deposit in Guangxi and the Huanren Pb-Zn deposit in Liaoning are generally lower than 10×10-6, i.e., whether tin is present or not in a deposit implies the enrichment extent of indium in ores. Whether the In enrichment itself in the ore -forming fluids or the ore-forming conditions has actually caused the enrichment/depletion of indium in the deposits? After studying the fluid inclusions in quartz crystallized at the main stage of mineralization of several In-rich and In-poor deposits in China, this paper analyzed the contents and studied the variation trend of In, Sn, Pb and Zn in the ore-forming fluids. The results show that the contents of lead and zinc in the ore-forming fluids of In-rich and -poor deposits are at the same level, and the lead contents range from 22×10-6 to 81×10-6 and zinc from 164×10-6 to 309×10-6, while the contents of indium and tin in the ore-forming fluids of In-rich deposits are far higher than those of In-poor deposits, with a difference of 1-2 orders of magnitude. Indium and tin contents in ore-forming fluid of In-rich deposits are 1.9×10-6-4.1×10-6 and 7×100-6-55×10-6, and there is a very good positive correlation between the two elements, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9552. Indium and tin contents in ore-forming fluid of In-poor deposits are 0.03×10-6-0.09×10-6 and 0.4×10-6--2.0×10-6, respectively, and there is no apparent correlation between them. This indicates, on one hand, that In-rich ore-forming fluids are the material basis for the formation of In-rich deposits, and, on the other hand, tin probably played a very important role in the transport and enrichment of indium.  相似文献   

18.
从康家湾铅锌金矿Ⅲ-1号矿体上盘围岩取大量岩样,分别加工制作了50个压缩和拉伸试验的试样。利用RMT-150B伺服试验系统对试样进行单轴抗压、抗拉试验,各获得了50个试验结果。采用假设检验法,分别对50个单轴抗压强度和50个抗拉强度进行检验,结果表明,它们分别服从正态分布和对数正态分布;对50个 、 和50个C、 ,进行不放回抽样,组成50组E、 、C、 。利用FLAC计算软件,对硐室围岩中的应力进行了计算,分别获得了50个最大主应力和50个最小主应力;采用同样假设检验法,证明它们分别服从对数正态和正态分布;根据单轴抗压、抗拉强度及围岩中的最大主应力、最小主应力概率密度函数,计算了硐室围岩不发生拉伸破坏和压缩破坏的可靠度;并对硐室围岩抗剪强度的校核,得出了该地下硐室围岩稳定的结论。  相似文献   

19.
Lateritic Ni ore mined in the Rio Tuba Mine, Philippines, derived from ultramafic rock by tropical intense weathering, is generally composed of two accumulated zones, an upper laterite zone and a lower saprolite zone. These two zones are very different in appearance, mineral assemblage, chemical composition, and in other ways. A transitional zone may be seen between the upper and lower zones, but it does not develop to any appreciable thickness. Although serpentine and goethite are still predominant in the constituent minerals, other clay minerals are increasing.

The transitional zone may be subdivided into three groups based on chemical composition. The behaviour of the chemical composition in this horizon indicates a complicated process of component transportation under the weathering process.

In the ore, chemical components are closely related in particle size of constituent minerals. In the laterite - transitional - saprolite sequence, a common variation range and tendency in chemical composition for each particle size can be seen. However, taking samples with the same particle size the chemical composition obviously differed, representing the characteristics of the components for each zone.

Concerning the correlation coefficient of the chemical components of each zone, a somewhat different inter-component relationship can be seen in these zones. These differences of correlation suggest the different complicated lateritized conditions under which they are formed.  相似文献   


20.
A collection of layered ferromanganese ores (27 samples) from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans was studied. Trace element and PGE contents were determined layer-by-layer (up to 10 microlayers) in 13 of these samples.The trace, rare earth, and platinum group element distributions, including their layer-to-layer variations, were compared in hydrogenic and hydrothermal crusts from different regions. It was found that the main PGE variations (by a factor of 10–50) are related to their layer-to-layer variations within a given ore field.The distributions of PGE and trace elements are strongly heterogeneous, which is related, first, to different contents of the elements in the layers of different age in ferromanganese crusts (FMC) and, second, to the observed regional heterogeneity and influence of hydrothermal fluids. Geochemical data indicate that CFC formation was mainly caused by the hydrochemical precipitation of material from seawater. This process was accompanied by diagenetic phenomena, water-rock interaction, and influence of volcanic and hydrothermal sources.  相似文献   

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